Knowledge, Perception, and Practices of Hand Hygiene Among Medical and Paramedical Students at a Tertiary Care Institute in Uttarakhand.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections or nosocomial infections are considered to be one of the leading causes of increased morbidity and mortality in patients. Hand hygiene is one of the simplest and most effective infection control measures to prevent nosocomial infections. Medical and paramedical students are the foundation of any healthcare system.

Exercise Therapy and Electrotherapy as an Intervention for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD) is characterized by painful cramps before or during menstruation. It is generally treated with nonpharmacological methods. However, with the advancement of research and the passage of time, physiotherapy plays an increasingly important role in treating patients with PD.

Assessment of Salivary ABO Blood Group Antigens and Secretor Status in Sriganganagar, Rajasthan: A Correlational Analysis of 300 Samples.

Aim To estimate the ABO blood groups from saliva samples and to correlate with the secretor status. Materials and methods A sample size of 300 individuals was selected from the outpatient department of Surendera Dental College & Research Institute, Sriganganagar, India, and from dental camps organized by the college in the near vicinity. Informed consent was obtained from selected individuals to collect their blood and saliva samples.

Performance evaluation of Marwari lambs for growth traits and impact of inbreeding.

This study aimed at the performance evaluation of a closed flock of Marwari sheep and also to study the effect of accumulated inbreeding on the growth traits using a linear mixed model methodology. The data generated for 39 years (1981 to 2020) on Marwari sheep maintained at ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Arid Region Campus (CSWRI, ARC), Bikaner, Rajasthan, India were used for analysis on growth traits. The overall least-squares means (LSM) of live weights at birth (BWT), weaning (3MWT), 6 months (6MWT), 9 months (9MWT) and 12 months (12MWT) were observed to be 3.

Impact of Video Modules-Based Training on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Cleaning and Disinfection Among Housekeeping Staff at a Tertiary Care Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Aim To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward cleaning and disinfection among housekeeping (HK) staff amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods A quasi-experimental was undertaken among HK staff at a tertiary care hospital. A 30-item structured questionnaire was used in the study, which consisted of questions pertaining to knowledge (11), attitude (8), and practice (11) toward cleaning and disinfection.

Analysis of Blood Culture Data Influences Future Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections: A 5-year Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.

Background: Blood cultures are the most significant samples received in a microbiology laboratory. Good quality control of pre-analytic, analytic, and post-analytic stages can have a significant impact on patient outcomes. Here, we present the improvements brought about by reviewing blood culture data with clinicians at a tertiary care institute in India.

Assessment of cognitive and psychomotor domains regarding biomedical waste management and hand hygiene among various categories of health-care professionals at a tertiary care center in Northern India.

Background: Health care-associated infections (HAIs) are associated with high morbidity, mortality, and costs in the health-care sector. Large proportions of HAIs are preventable by following infection prevention activities such as hand hygiene (HH) and biomedical waste management (BMWM).

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching session on the cognitive and psychomotor domains of BMWM and HH practices in a tertiary health-care institute.

Effectiveness of video modules in infection control trainings during COVID-19 pandemic: A quasi-experimental study in tertiary care institute.

Background: Continuous pertinent trainings for infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are essential to ensure quality health-care services along with the safety of the health personnel. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the current study focusses on the utilization of explicated video modules training of all health-care personnel of the institute and assessment of the effectiveness of video training for IPC practices during COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: A quasi-experimental study, one group pre- and posttest design, using Google Questionnaire forms was conducted at a tertiary care center.

Restarting cataract surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic; a prospective study analysing 30 day outcomes after elective cataract surgery in the United Kingdom.

Background: Cataract is a significant cause of preventable blindness in the United Kingdom and worldwide. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, cataract surgery was the most commonly performed operation by the National Health Service in the United Kingdom. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of elective cataract surgery performed in the United Kingdom in a COVID-19 free hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Development and internal validation of clinical prediction models for outcomes of complicated intra-abdominal infection.

Background: Complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with cIAI in a multicentre study and to develop clinical prediction models (CPMs) to help identify patients at risk of mortality or relapse.

Methods: A multicentre observational study was conducted from August 2016 to February 2017 in the UK.

Comparative evaluation of the compressive strength of two different post systems in primary anterior teeth restored with pediatric zirconia crowns.

Background: In cases where there is an extensive loss of crown structure, these treatments require intracanal posts placement for retention as occlusal forces make the tooth structure weak and prone to fracture. Thus, restoration of primary anterior teeth, followed by post placement and cementation with pediatric zirconia crowns helps withstand masticatory forces to a greater extent.

Aim: This in vitro study evaluates the compressive strength of two different post systems in the primary anterior teeth, restored with pediatric zirconia crowns.

Angio-invasive Cerebral Aspergillosis Resulting in Hemispheric Infarct in an Immunocompetent Man.

Background: Cerebral aspergillosis usually affects immunocompromised hosts and may rarely occur in immunocompetent individuals. Due to its angio-invasive nature, Aspergillus may cause various vascular complications, particularly mycotic aneurysms and infarcts.

Case Presentation: A 22-year-old immunocompetent male with diagnosed case of sino-cerebral aspergillosis was taking voriconazole for two months.

A prospective study on bacteriological profile and antibiogram of postoperative wound infections in a tertiary care hospital in Western Rajasthan.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are one of the most common hospital-acquired infections worldwide. SSI are known to increase morbidity, mortality, length of stay in hospital as well as the cost of treatment to the patients. The incidence varies from 1% to 20% among developed countries to as high as 40% in developing world.

Evaluation of existing knowledge, attitude, perception and compliance of hand hygiene among health care workers in a Tertiary care centre in Uttarakhand.

Background And Aims: To evaluate existing knowledge, attitude and perception and compliance of hand hygiene activity among various healthcare workers in a tertiary care centre in Uttarakhand.

Methods: A cross sectional study was done for a period of two months. WHO hand hygiene and compliance form with slight modification were used to study knowledge, attitude, perception and compliance (overt and covert) by direct observational technique.

causing orbital cellulitis in a diabetic patient: An old fungus in a new territory.

Background And Purpose: Rhinocerebral mycosis is a rapidly invasive infection in diabetic patients with an unfavorable course. Herein, we report a rare case of orbital cellulitis caused by following fungal rhinosinusitis in a diabetic male patient.

Case Report: A 35-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes presented to the emergency department of our center with high-grade fever accompanied by chills and rigors, severe diffuse headache, and projectile vomiting with swelling and loss of vision in the right eye.

Genetic parameter estimates for reproductive traits in Chokla ewes of India.

Early selection of ewes for better reproductive performance may reduce generation interval and increase genetic gains. Considering this, the present study aimed to derive the genetic parameter estimates of ten reproductive traits in 1172 maiden Chokla ewes over a period of 22 years. Initially, the traits, namely age at first service (AFS), weight at first service (WFS), age at first successful service (ASS), weight at first successful service (WSS), age at first lambing (AFL), ewe's weight at first lambing (WFL), first lambing interval (LI1), first service period (SP1), first parity lamb survival (SUR1) and first service fertility rate (FER1) were analysed for the effects of genetic and non-genetic factors.

Comparison of surgical skill acquisition by UK surgical trainees and Sierra Leonean associate clinicians in a task-sharing programme.

Background: Task-sharing in surgery is well established, with associate clinicians performing successful surgery in many countries. Little is known about the process of surgical skill acquisition by associate clinicians, or whether this differs from that of doctors.

Methods: A blinded experimental study compared surgical skill acquisition by Sierra Leonean associate clinicians enrolled in an essential and emergency surgery training programme with that of a matched group of UK surgical trainees.

A comparative evaluation of fractural strength and marginal discrepancy of direct composite veneers using four different tooth preparation techniques: An study.

Background: The direct composite veneers follow the concept of no preparation or minimal preparation that has developed an appropriate enamel bonding procedure. The composite veneers can be easily repaired and thus they are economically favorable. The long-term clinical performance of direct composite veneers depends on a number of factors, with fracture resistance and marginal adaptation being one of the significance.

Spectrum of Parasitic Infections in Patients with Diarrhoea Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Rajasthan, India.

Introduction: Owing to the poor socioeconomic conditions and lack of sanitary hygiene, a large number of population in developing countries remain under constant threat of different parasitic infections causing severe morbidity and mortality. Enough measures to prevent and reduce the disease burden are still to be undertaken.

Aim: Aim of the study was to determine the spectrum of parasitic infections in patients with complaints of diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal symptoms attending a tertiary care hospital in Western Rajasthan, India.

Association of heat stress protein 90 and 70 gene polymorphism with adaptability traits in Indian sheep (Ovis aries).

Heat stress proteins assist cellular proteins in the acquisition of native structure. The present research was conducted to study how thermo-tolerance is modulated by HSP90 and HSP70 gene polymorphism and its association with hemato-physio-biochemical parameters, supported by their expression profiles in Chokla, Magra, Marwari, and Madras Red sheep breeds. Least square analysis revealed significant effect (P < 0.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS - 2016.

AACE = American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists AFF = atypical femur fracture ASBMR = American Society for Bone and Mineral Research BEL = best evidence level BMD = bone mineral density BTM = bone turnover marker CBC = complete blood count CI = confidence interval DXA = dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry EL = evidence level FDA = U.S. Food and Drug Administration FLEX = Fracture Intervention Trial (FIT) Long-term Extension FRAX = Fracture Risk Assessment Tool GFR = glomerular filtration rate GI = gastrointestinal HORIZON = Health Outcomes and Reduced Incidence with Zoledronic Acid Once Yearly IOF = International Osteoporosis Foundation ISCD = International Society for Clinical Densitometry IU = international units IV = intravenous LSC = least significant change NBHA = National Bone Health Alliance NOF = National Osteoporosis Foundation 25(OH)D = 25-hydroxy vitamin D ONJ = osteonecrosis of the jaw PINP = serum carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I collagen PTH = parathyroid hormone R = recommendation RANK = receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B RANKL = receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand RCT = randomized controlled trial RR = relative risk S-CTX = serum C-terminal telopeptide SQ = subcutaneous VFA = vertebral fracture assessment WHO = World Health Organization.