Author Correction: Alternating Differentiation and Dedifferentiation between Mature Osteoblasts and Osteocytes.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Effect of bisphosphonates on healing of tooth extraction wounds in infectious osteomyelitis of the jaw.

Objectives: Antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (ARONJ) and infectious osteomyelitis of the jaw (OMJ) in antiresorptive-naïve patients are different disease entities. Although osteoclast inhibition is at the center of the pathogenesis of ARONJ, the role of osteoclast inhibition in infectious OMJ is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of bisphosphonate osteoclast inhibition in infectious OMJ.

Alternating Differentiation and Dedifferentiation between Mature Osteoblasts and Osteocytes.

Osteocytes are terminally differentiated osteoblasts embedded in the bone matrix. Evidence indicates that cells in the mesenchymal lineage possess plasticity. However, whether or not osteocytes have the capacity to dedifferentiate back into osteoblasts is unclear.

Modification of carbon metabolism in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 by cyanophage-derived sigma factors for bioproduction improvement.

Many cyanophages, which infect cyanobacteria, most of possess putative sigma factors that have high amino acid sequence homology with the σ70-type sigma factor present in cyanobacteria, allowing them to obtain energy and metabolites for their own propagation. In this study, we aimed to modify the carbon metabolism of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 by expressing putative sigma factors from Synechococcus phages to improve bioproduction. Four cyanophage-derived putative sigma factors-putative RpsD4 from Synechococcus phage S-CBS1, putative RpoD and putative RpoS from S-CBS2, and putative RpsD4 from S-CBS3-were selected for this purpose.

Morphological study of tooth development in podoplanin-deficient mice.

Podoplanin is a mucin-type highly O-glycosylated glycoprotein identified in several somatyic cells: podocytes, alveolar epithelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, lymph node stromal fibroblastic reticular cells, osteocytes, odontoblasts, mesothelial cells, glia cells, and others. It has been reported that podoplanin-RhoA interaction induces cytoskeleton relaxation and cell process stretching in fibroblastic cells and osteocytes, and that podoplanin plays a critical role in type I alveolar cell differentiation. It appears that podoplanin plays a number of different roles in contributing to cell functioning and growth by signaling.

Isolation and characterization of enterocin W, a novel two-peptide lantibiotic produced by Enterococcus faecalis NKR-4-1.

Enterococcus faecalis NKR-4-1 isolated from pla-ra produces a novel two-peptide lantibiotic, termed enterocin W, comprising Wα and Wβ. The structure of enterocin W exhibited similarity with that of plantaricin W. The two peptides acted synergistically, and their order of binding to the cell membrane was important for their inhibitory activity.

Identification and characterization of leucocyclicin Q, a novel cyclic bacteriocin produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides TK41401.

The culture supernatant of Leuconostoc mesenteroides TK41401, isolated from Japanese pickles, possessed antimicrobial activity against broad range of a bacterial genera and particularly strong activity against Bacillus coagulans, the major contaminant of pickles. An antimicrobial peptide was purified in three chromatographic steps, and its molecular mass was determined to be 6,115.59 Da by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF MS).

Identification and characterization of lactocyclicin Q, a novel cyclic bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus sp. strain QU 12.

Lactococcus sp. strain QU 12, which was isolated from cheese, produced a novel cyclic bacteriocin termed lactocyclicin Q. By using cation-exchange chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, lactocyclicin Q was purified from culture supernatant, and its molecular mass was determined to be 6,062.