Hydrochemical characteristics and salinity formation mechanism of different water bodies in the southern Tibet, China.

Understanding the hydrochemical evolution of surface water and groundwater is crucial for protecting regional ecological environments. Currently, there are few quantitative studies on the relative contributions of different processes to salinity enrichment of water bodies. In this study, sixty-seven water samples were collected for chemical, and isotopic analysis, along with simulation calculations.

Co-occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in groundwater of Guide basin in China: Genesis, mobility and enrichment mechanism.

Endemic arsenic poisoning and fluorosis caused by primary high arsenic (As) and high fluoride (F) groundwater have become one of the most serious environmental geological problems faced by the international society. High As and high F groundwater exists in Neogene confined aquifers in Guide basin, with concentrations of 355 μg/L and 5.67 mg/L, respectively, and showing a co-occurrence phenomenon of As and F in the groundwater.

Evaluation of non-carcinogenic causing health risks (NCHR) associated with exposure of fluoride and nitrate contaminated groundwater from a semi-arid region of south India.

Groundwater is the foremost resource for drinking water supply in arid and semi-arid regions of the world, and also intake of contaminated drinking water is the major source for creating a several health risk for humans. To estimate the groundwater suitability for drinking and also to measure the non-carcinogenic health risk for infants, children, and adults, a total of 35 groundwater samples were collected from the semi-arid region of India and analyzed major ions including fluoride and nitrate. The results revealed that the concentration of fluoride ranges from 0.

Application of the Entropy Weighted Water Quality Index (EWQI) and the Pollution Index of Groundwater (PIG) to Assess Groundwater Quality for Drinking Purposes: A Case Study in a Rural Area of Telangana State, India.

In this study, the quality of groundwater was assessed in a semi-arid region of India by using an entropy weighted water quality index (EWQI) and a pollution index of groundwater (PIG). The EWQI and PIG methods were used to evaluate data on physicochemical parameters in relation to drinking water quality standards. Groundwater samples were collected from the Dubbak region, Telangana state, India, and were analyzed for pH, total hardness, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, bicarbonate (HCO), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO), nitrate (NO), fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and potassium (K).

Geospatial Distribution and Potential Noncarcinogenic Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate Contaminated Groundwater in Southern India: A Case Study.

Groundwater nitrate pollution is a serious threat to human health in many regions of the world. The present study was performed to assess the nitrate contamination in groundwater in the region of Nirmal province, South India, where people purely depend on groundwater for drinking purposes. The associated human health risks for different age groups (male, female, and children) also were evaluated based on the United States Environmental Protection Agency model.

Groundwater chemistry, distribution and potential health risk appraisal of nitrate enriched groundwater: A case study from the semi-urban region of South India.

In recent years, an elevated concentration of nitrate in groundwater has been a growing problem on a global scale. It directly shows the adverse effects on human health via various intake pathways. Herein, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the nitrate concentration in groundwater and its associated human health risk in various age groups (females, males and children) in the investigated region.

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution in surface soils in a typical urban region of south India: An application of health risk assessment and distribution pattern.

The pollution level of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in surface soils is detrimental to the ecosystem and human health. In this research, various indices such as an index of geo-accumulation (I), contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (DC), and principal component analysis (PCA) were implemented to identify and evaluate the soil PTEs pollution; and then human health risk assessment model used to establish the link between heavy metals pollution and human health in the urban region of south India. Results exhibited that the mean concentration of Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn were found to be 1.

Groundwater chemistry integrating the pollution index of groundwater and evaluation of potential human health risk: A case study from hard rock terrain of south India.

Groundwater is an important resource for drinking and irrigation purposes and also the significant route of human exposure in most of the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In view of this, 43 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters. Particularly, this study integrates the groundwater contamination by comparing it to national guidelines and the impact of fluoride and nitrate on health risk were quantified through the model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).

Spatial characteristics of heavy metal contamination and potential human health risk assessment of urban soils: A case study from an urban region of South India.

Due to the rapid development of urbanization, the contamination of heavy metals in urban soils has become one of the major concerns of environmental and risk to humans. The main objective was to determine the contamination of six heavy metals in 25 urban soils and also to evaluate the associated health risk via diverse indices for adults and children. The mean concentration of Pb (47.

Controlling factors and mechanism of groundwater quality variation in semiarid region of South India: an approach of water quality index (WQI) and health risk assessment (HRA).

The study region comprises fractured granitic, basaltic and lateritic aquifer system constituted by Precambrian rocks. Groundwater is the primary source for drinking and household needs. Its quality is a big issue in the three aquifers, which are mostly of human health concern.

Heavy metals pollution assessment and its associated human health risk evaluation of urban soils from Indian cities: a review.

Urban soils of 32 Indian cities were collected from literature-based data for the period of 2001-2019 to measure the contamination levels of six heavy metals including arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) and also evaluated the potential human health risk for adults and children. The results indicated that concentrations of six heavy metals in the urban soils were much higher than both geochemical background values (Grade-I) and also Canadian soil quality guideline values (Grade-II) in most of the cities in India. Higher concentration of Cr and Ni was in cities mainly located in southern (Karnataka), northern (Uttar Pradesh), and eastern (Odisha); As and Pb primarily in central (Telangana), while Zn and Cu largely in western (Maharashtra) and eastern (Jharkhand) states of India, respectively.

Groundwater quality evaluation using water quality index (WQI) for drinking purposes and human health risk (HHR) assessment in an agricultural region of Nanganur, south India.

An effort has been made to understand the groundwater quality of Nanganur region for drinking purpose utilizing water quality index (WQI). Nitrate contamination in groundwater was assessed and the associated health risks to rural populations were estimated for different age groups, infants, children and adults in the agricultural region of Nanganur, South India, where residents rely on only groundwater for drinking use. Groundwater was slightly alkaline and moderately hard.

Assessment of heavy metal (HM) contamination in agricultural soil lands in northern Telangana, India: an approach of spatial distribution and multivariate statistical analysis.

The contamination of heavy metals (HMs) in agricultural soil lands has attracted the environmental world due to their abundance, persistence, and toxicity. A study has been conducted to evaluate the degree of HM contamination in the agricultural soils of northern Telangana, using geo-accumulation index (I), pollution index (PI), pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor (EF), statistical analysis, and also spatial distribution. In this study, a total of 15 surface agricultural soil samples were collected and analyzed for the concentration of HMs including Cr, Cu, Co, Ba, V, As, Ni, Pb, and Zn.

Heavy metals contamination in urban surface soils of Medak province, India, and its risk assessment and spatial distribution.

The main purpose of the current study is to assess the contamination status, human health risk, and spatial distribution of heavy metals in the urban soils from the Medak province in India. For this purposes, a total of 40 urban surface soil samples were collected and analyzed seven heavy metals including chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). The results of the study showed that the concentration of Cr (81-751 mg/kg), Cu (2-180 mg/kg), Zn (25-108 mg/kg), Pb (5-77 mg/kg), Ni (1-50 mg/kg), As (0.

Geochemical behavior of fluoride-rich groundwater in Markapur, Andhra Pradesh, South India.

Excess fluoride in drinking water has been one of the leading problem faced by the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Significantly in India the people suffer from fluorosis comparing to other toxic elements like Arsenic etc., in drinking water.

Hydrogeochemical data on groundwater quality with special emphasis on fluoride enrichment in Munneru river basin (MRB), Telangana State, South India.

Fluorosis is one of the most prevailing groundwater related disease in developing countries like India and China. In India, 20 out of 29 states have some extent of groundwater fluoride contamination. In especially, Telangana State all (10 out of 10) districts are fluoride affected (Adimalla and Venkatayogi, 2017) [2].

Elevated fluoride concentration levels in rural villages of Siddipet, Telangana State, South India.

Fluoride beyond desirable amounts(0.6-1.5 mg/L) in groundwater is a major problem and fluorosis is a very dangerous and deadly disease affecting millions of people across the World (Bell and Ludwig, 1970; Adimalla and Venkatayogi, 2017; Narsimha and Sudarshan, 2013, 2017a, 2017b) [1], [2], [3], [4], [5].

Drinking water pollution with respective of fluoride in the semi-arid region of Basara, Nirmal district, Telangana State, India.

Fluoride is an essential microelement for human health. Statistically, smaller quantities (<1.0 mg/L) in drinking water are usually considered to have a beneficial effect on the rate of occurrence of dental caries, particularly among children, but excessive continuous exposure (>1.

Data on fluoride concentration levels in semi-arid region of Medak, Telangana, South India.

According to the World Health Organization recommendation, the optimal fluoride concentration levels in drinking water have to be in the range of 0.5 and 1.5 mg/L since this permissible range is essential for normal mineralization of bones and teeth as well as for dental enamel formation in human's body Bell and budwig, 1970;Adimalla and Venkatayogi, 2017;Narsimha and Sudarshan, 2013,2016;2017[1], [2], [4], [5], [6].