The effects of fake reviews during stepwise topic movement on shopping attitude in social network marketing.

Although the influence of consumer reviews is increasing in weight, far-flung consumer comments on social networks are a retrogressive problem, disturbing users' attention in reviews studies by interpreting them as misleading messages. The need for investigating the unknown meaning layers of fake reviews in the stepwise topic movement of conversations and examining the effects of the fake reviews on consumers' shopping attitudes encouraged us to adopt an integrated approach to marketing and discourse analyses. •Qualitative analysis: To qualitatively investigate the stepwise topic movement of fake reviews in each sampled conversation of the research, three phases were taken into consideration: firstly, ; then, ; and finally, .