Pomegranate extract ameliorates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via suppressing NF-κB pathway.

Inflammation and oxidative stress are the major pathways involved in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal injury. This study was designed to evaluate the potential effect of pomegranate against I/R-induced renal injury. I/R injury was induced in nephrectomized rats by unilateral occlusion of the left renal pedicle for 45 min followed by 24 h of perfusion.

Protocatechuic acid exhibits hepatoprotective, vasculoprotective, antioxidant and insulin-like effects in dexamethasone-induced insulin-resistant rats.

Protocatechuic acid (PCA), the natural phenolic antioxidant, reportedly exhibited hypoglycemic and insulin-like effects. Recent studies have reported its cardioprotective effect in glucocorticoid (GC)-induced hypertensive rats. Nevertheless, its beneficial role has not been investigated in the setting of GCs excess-induced insulin resistance.

Impact of interferon β-1b, interferon β-1a and fingolimod therapies on serum interleukins-22, 32α and 34 concentrations in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Interleukins (ILs)-22, 32α and 34 were monitored in the sera of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients at different time intervals with or without interferon β-1b, interferon β-1a and fingolimod treatments. The results showed that sera of untreated RRMS patients were statistically higher in concentration of IL-22 (P < .001), but not IL-32α and IL-34, than those of healthy individuals.

Comparison of the effects of sulforaphane and pioglitazone on insulin resistance and associated dyslipidemia, hepatosteatosis, and endothelial dysfunction in fructose-fed rats.

The purpose of this work was to compare the influences of sulforaphane (SFN) to those of the standard insulin sensitizer pioglitazone (PIO) on high fructose diet (HFrD)-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hepatosteatosis, and vascular dysfunction in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (150-200 g) were fed on a standard diet (control) or a high fructose diet (HFrD, 60% w/w fructose) for 60 days. From day 16, two subgroups of HFrD-fed rats received either SFN (0.

Modulatory role of gabapentin against ovalbumin-induced asthma, bronchial and airway inflammation in mice.

Allergic asthma is a type of chronic immune-mediated inflammatory lung disorders with constantly increased worldwide prevalence. Gabapentin is an L-type calcium channel blocker used essentially as antiepileptic and recently has been indicated for management of post-operative and neuropathic pains as an anti-inflammatory. The current study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of gabapentin in a mouse-model of Ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma.

Comparison of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate in the treatment of concanavalin-A induced hepatitis.

Simple metabolites released during physical exercise and fasting like lactate (Lac) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) have recently been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of these metabolites in immune mediated hepatitis are still unknown. Accordingly, we investigated the role of Lac, BHB and their combination on experimentally induced hepatic inflammation.

Crocin modulates IL-4/IL-13 signaling and ameliorates experimentally induced allergic airway asthma in a murine model.

Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with a prevalent T helper (Th2)-mediated immune reaction. Crocin, the major bioactive constituent of saffron, has been reported in multiple studies to have numerous pharmacological activities, including prominent anti-oxidant activities. In the current study, the anti-asthmatic potential of crocin was evaluated.

Repression of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by a combination of celastrol and brilliant blue G.

The sterile inflammatory response is an eminent contributor to acetaminophen (APAP)-hepatotoxicity in humans. Recent advances unraveled an axial role of the NLRP3-inflammasome in APAP-post injury inflammation. Nevertheless, the role of signaling events preceded the NLRP3-inflammasome activation, like the transcription factor NF-κB and the purinergic receptor P2X7, is still unclear and needs further elucidation.

Effect of tranilast in comparison with beclomethasone in chronic murine model of asthma.

Aim Of The Study: The current investigation was taken to scrutinize the action of tranilast on the airway remodeling in chronic asthma in mice.

Materials And Methods: Intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin was applied to mice for sensitization and subsequent inhalation of 1% ovalbumin three times week for 10 weeks for challenge. Beclomethasone or tranilast were given daily for the 10 week challenge period.

Sulforaphane improves dysregulated metabolic profile and inhibits leptin-induced VSMC proliferation: Implications toward suppression of neointima formation after arterial injury in western diet-fed obese mice.

Sulforaphane (SFN), a dietary phase-2 enzyme inducer that mitigates cellular oxidative stress through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, is known to exhibit beneficial effects in the vessel wall. For instance, it inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, a major event in atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. In particular, SFN attenuates the mitogenic and pro-inflammatory actions of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), respectively, in VSMCs.

Comparison of the effects of levocetirizine and losartan on diabetic nephropathy and vascular dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

This work was designed to investigate the effects of levocetirizine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, on diabetes-induced nephropathy and vascular disorder, in comparison to an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50mg/kg). Diabetic rats were divided into three groups; diabetic, diabetic-levocetirizine (0.

Pomegranate protects liver against cecal ligation and puncture-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rats through TLR4/NF-κB pathway inhibition.

Acute liver injury secondary to sepsis is a major challenge in intensive care unit. This study was designed to investigate potential protective effects of pomegranate against sepsis-induced acute liver injury in rats and possible underlying mechanisms. Pomegranate was orally given (800mg/kg/day) for two weeks before sepsis induction by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

The ergogenic supplement β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) attenuates insulin resistance through suppressing GLUT-2 in rat liver.

This study investigates the effect of the ergogenic supplement β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on insulin resistance induced by high-fructose diet (HFD) in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed 60% HFD for 12 weeks and HMB (320 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1), orally) for 4 weeks. HFD significantly increased fasting insulin, fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1C), liver glycogen content, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, while it decreased glucose and insulin tolerance.

Attenuation of insulin resistance in rats by agmatine: role of SREBP-1c, mTOR and GLUT-2.

Insulin resistance is a serious health condition worldwide; however, its exact mechanisms are still unclear. This study investigates agmatine (AGM; an endogenous metabolite of L-arginine) effects on insulin resistance induced by high fructose diet (HFD) in rats and the possible involved mechanisms. Sprague Dawley rats were fed 60% HFD for 12 weeks, and AGM (10 mg/kg/day, orally) was given from week 9 to 12.

Levocetirizine ameliorates high fructose diet-induced insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction and hepatic steatosis in rats.

This study investigates the possible protective effects of levocetirizine against fructose-induced insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and vascular dysfunction, in comparison to pioglitazone, a standard insulin sensitizer. Male Sprague Dawley rats (150-200 g) were divided into 4 groups. Three groups were fed on high fructose diets (HFD) containing 60% w/w fructose, while the fourth control group was fed on standard laboratory food for 8 weeks.

Modulation of thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis by sildenafil treatment.

Sildenafil citrate is a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, approved for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. It enhances nitric-oxide-induced vasodilatation and it promotes angiogenesis. A relationship between angiogenesis and hepatic fibrosis has long been speculated, where the 2 are believed to progress together.

Modulation of cyclophosphamide-induced early lung injury by allicin.

Context: Cyclophosphamide (CP) causes lung injury in rats through its ability to generate free radicals with subsequent epithelial and endothelial cell damage.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess whether allicin can ameliorate CP-induced early lung injury in rats.

Materials And Methods: Male Sprague Dawely rats were divided into four groups.

Thymoquinone attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced pulmonary injury in rats.

Objective: Antioxidant therapy may be useful in diseases with impaired oxidant-antioxidant balance. This study was designed to examine the effects of thymoquinone (TQ), an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant agent against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced pulmonary oxidative damage.

Materials And Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were categorized into four groups.

Influence of inhaled beclomethasone and montelukast on airway remodeling in mice.

This study examined the effect of montelukast and beclomethasone on airway remodeling in murine model of asthma. Mice were sensitized by i.p.

Tranilast ameliorates impaired hepatic functions in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice.

The ability of tranilast, a mast cell stabilizer and anti-transforming growth factor(β) (TGF(β)) to improve impaired hepatic functions in Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni)-infected mice, was investigated, providing the first evidence on the ability of tranilast to improve hepatic impairment due to schistosomal infection. Tranilast had significant beneficial effects against progression of hepatic fibrosis in S.

Protective potential of MMR vaccine against complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammation in rats.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of MMR vaccine on inflammation which was induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into the control, CFA, MMR and CFA + MMR groups. Inflammatory symptoms such as paw oedema was measured in CFA-injected rats' paw.

Comparative evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties of thymoquinone and curcumin using an asthmatic murine model.

This study was designed to compare the inhibitory effects of thymoquinone (TQ) and curcumin (CMN) on the biological changes associating asthma. TQ appeared to exhibit greater inhibitory effects on the aggregation of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and in lung tissues. We also measured the effects of the two agents on serum IgE and the changes in the mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1).