Identification and Characterization of ATAQ Homolog from Ticks and Its Immunogenic Potential as an Anti-Tick Vaccine Candidate Molecule.

Although vaccines are one of the environmentally friendly means to prevent the spread of ticks, there is currently no commercial vaccine effective against ticks. In this study, we identified, characterized, localized, and evaluated the expression patterns, and tested the immunogenic potential of a homologue of ATAQ in (HlATAQ). HlATAQ was identified as a 654 amino acid-long protein present throughout the midgut and in Malpighian tubule cells and containing six full and one partial EGF-like domains.

Vitellogenin-2 Accumulation in the Fat Body and Hemolymph of -Infected Ticks.

The protozoan parasite spp. invades into tick oocytes and remains in the offspring. The transovarial transmission phenomenon of in ticks has been demonstrated experimentally, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Iridoid glucosides from Wendlandia tinctoria roots.

Four new iridoid glucosides, 5-dehydro-8-epi-adoxosidic acid, 5-dehydro-8-epi-mussaenoside, 10-O-dihydroferuloyldeacetyldaphylloside, and wendoside, together with one known iridoid glucoside, 8-epi-mussaenoside, beta-D-glucose, D-mannitol and beta-sitosterol have been isolated from the roots of Wendlandia tinctoria. On the basis of chemical and spectral analyses, the structures of new iridoid glucosides have been elucidated.