Maternal lipid mobilization is essential for embryonic development in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae.

Lipid metabolism is an essential component in reproductive physiology. While lipid mobilization has been implicated in the growth of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites in their Anopheles vectors, the role of this process in the reproductive biology of these mosquitoes remains elusive. Here, we show that impairing lipolysis in Anopheles gambiae, the major malaria vector, leads to embryonic lethality.

Inhibition of Glutamate-to-Glutathione Flux Promotes Tumor Antigen Presentation in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells display remarkable adaptability, orchestrating metabolic changes that confer growth advantages, pro-tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic resistance. One such metabolic change occurs in glutamine metabolism. Colorectal tumors with high glutaminase (GLS) expression exhibited reduced T cell infiltration and cytotoxicity, leading to poor clinical outcomes.

Pattern of Bacterial Flora and Effect of Disinfection on Fingerprinting Biometric Devices at a Tertiary Care Health Facility: An Interventional Study.

Introduction Recently, many public and private sector institutions and hospitals have installed biometric fingerprint devices for attendance purposes. This step is taking us toward modernization but biometric devices have their cons and pros; if not sterilized at regular intervals, then it may be a potent cause of transmission of various infections. Many studies have reported the presence of coagulase-negative (CONS), methicillin-resistant (MRSA), , , and others.

Photo-activated microtubule targeting drugs: Advancing therapies for colorectal cancer.

Over the years immunotherapy has demonstrably improved the field of cancer treatment. However, achieving long-term survival for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remains a significant unmet need. Combination immunotherapies incorporating targeted drugs like MEK or multi-kinase inhibitors have offered some palliative benefit.

Molecular insights into clinical trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer: Unravelling challenges and future directions.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease with diverse etiologies and clinical outcomes. Despite considerable progress in development of CRC therapeutics, challenges remain regarding the diagnosis and management of advanced stage metastatic CRC (mCRC). In particular, the five-year survival rate is very low since mCRC is currently rarely curable.

NLRP3/GSDMD mediated pyroptosis induces lung inflammation susceptibility in diesel exhaust exposed mouse strains.

Background: Genetic diversity among species influences the disease severity outcomes linked to air pollution. However, the mechanism responsible for this variability remain elusive and needs further investigation.

Objective: To investigate the genetic factors and pathways linked with differential susceptibility in mouse strains associated with diesel exhaust exposure.

Forward genetic screen using a gene-breaking trap approach identifies a novel role of -associated RNA transcript () in zebrafish heart function.

LncRNA-based control affects cardiac pathophysiologies like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, hypertrophy, and myotonic muscular dystrophy. This study used a gene-break transposon (GBT) to screen zebrafish () for insertional mutagenesis. We identified three insertional mutants where the GBT captured a cardiac gene.

Study the association between spirometry based functional grading and six minute walk distance in chronic respiratory disease patients at a rural tertiary care centre of India.

Introduction: Six-min walk test (6MWT) is easy to use, the least expensive, and a quick measure of physical function and it reflects the capacity to perform our day-to-day activities hence quality of life can be assessed with 6MWT. This study was planned to assess the role of 6MWT in chronic respiratory disease patients and its association with spirometry-based functional grading at a rural tertiary care center of northern India.

Materials And Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study done between December 2019 and July 2021.

Resveratrol mitigates miR-212-3p mediated progression of diesel exhaust-induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating SIRT1/FoxO3.

Background: Diesel exhaust (DE) exposure contributes to the progression of chronic respiratory diseases and is associated with dysregulation of microRNA expression. The present study aims to investigate the involvement of miRNAs and target genes in DE-induced lung fibrosis.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups.

Selection for insecticide resistance can promote Plasmodium falciparum infection in Anopheles.

Insecticide resistance is under strong selective pressure in Anopheles mosquitoes due to widespread usage of insecticides in vector control strategies. Resistance mechanisms likely cause changes that profoundly affect mosquito physiology, yet it remains poorly understood how selective pressures imposed by insecticides may alter the ability of the mosquito to host and transmit a Plasmodium infection. From pyrethroid-resistant field-derived Anopheles gambiae s.

Diesel exhaust exposure impairs recovery of lung epithelial and cellular damage in murine model.

Studies have investigated the relationship between diesel exhaust (DE) exposure and lung health, highlighting the potential for DE to induce pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the resolution of inflammation upon withdrawal of DE exposure needs further investigation. Therefore, resolution of diesel exhaust-induced lung damage was studied in the murine model.

Effect of 0.5% povidone-iodine on the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal viral loads in patients with COVID-19: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.

Background And Objective: The povidone-iodine (PvP-I) nasal antiseptic has been shown to completely inactivate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at variable concentrations. This study was performed to investigate the effect of 0.5% PvP-I nasal drops and oral gargles on the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal viral loads in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients.

Prognostic Role of Catecholamine in Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

 Traumatic brain injury leads to the activation of sympathetic nervous system and elevation in serum catecholamine levels. The aim of this study was to determine whether catecholamine level obtained within 24 hours of traumatic brain injury provides a reliable prognostic marker for outcome.  This study was a prospective observational cohort study on 36 moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury.

Hospital-Based Retrospective Cross-sectional Study to Analyse the Causes of Maternal Deaths at a Tertiary Health Care Facility.

Context: Maternal mortality is considered a key health indicator of Maternal and Child Health. Considering the fact that complications are preventable and most of them are modifiable, the study has been planned to analyse maternal deaths in order to suggest recommendations for preventing it. There are various delays according to the three-delay model at primary and secondary level; therefore, interventions are needed at those levels to prevent maternal deaths.

Metabolic Syndrome and Its Correlates Among Female Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at a Rural Tertiary Health Care Center in Northern India.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease that is thought to result from chronic inflammation that may affect other organ systems. Similarly, metabolic syndrome includes central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among female COPD patients in northern India needs to be evaluated.

In silico tools to assess the potential allergenicity of shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes).

Background: Computational tools may have an edge over conventional methods for the preliminary evaluation of food allergenicity. In this study, the allergenic potential of Lentinula edodes was evaluated and validated using in silico tools.

Results: The potential cross-reactivity of mushroom proteins with fungal allergens was determined using sequence alignment - the Fast Alignment (FASTA) and Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) algorithm.

Prevalence of high-risk pregnancy among pregnant women enrolled under Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan in government health facilities of district Etawah, Uttar Pradesh: A cross-sectional study.

Background: According to the Sample Registration System report, India has reduced the maternal mortality rate from 130 per 100,000 live births in 2014-2016 to 113 per 100,000 live births in 2016-2018. The main purpose of antenatal care is to identify "high-risk" cases as early as possible from a large group of antenatal mothers and provide them skilled and appropriate care.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of high-risk pregnancy (HRP) in pregnant females availing services under pradhan mantri surakshit matritva abhiyan (PMSMA) and to assess awareness of pregnant mothers about services provided under PMSMA in district Etawah of Uttar Pradesh.

Using an antimalarial in mosquitoes overcomes Anopheles and Plasmodium resistance to malaria control strategies.

The spread of insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes and drug resistance in Plasmodium parasites is contributing to a global resurgence of malaria, making the generation of control tools that can overcome these roadblocks an urgent public health priority. We recently showed that the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum parasites can be efficiently blocked when exposing Anopheles gambiae females to antimalarials deposited on a treated surface, with no negative consequences on major components of mosquito fitness. Here, we demonstrate this approach can overcome the hurdles of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes and drug resistant in parasites.

Diesel exhaust exposure in mice induces pulmonary fibrosis by TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway.

Background: Epidemiological studies suggest increased risk of lung cancer associated with diesel exhaust (DE) exposure. However, DE-induced lung fibrosis may lead to cancer and needs investigation.

Objectives: To study the mechanism involved in the initiation of DE- induced lung fibrosis.

Evaluation of Cognitive Functions in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Using Mini Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test.

Background: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are the leading cause of morbidity, mortality, disability, and socioeconomic losses globally, but of more concern, in India and other developing countries. The Mini mental state examination (MMSE) and clock drawing test (CDT) are the two mostly adapted methods for cognitive impairment screening. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a robust evaluation system exclusively for post-TBI cognitive impairment.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child health services in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background: In the wake of the Covid-19 Pandemic, parts of the public health system at increased risk of reduced efficiency include healthcare services for women and children. This in turn could reverse all the progress achieved over the years in reducing maternal and child mortality. In this study, an attempt has been made to assess the indirect effect of the pandemic on maternal and child health services in public health facilities.