Short-Term Endotamponade With Perfluorocarbon Liquids for Giant Retinal Tear-Associated Retinal Detachment.

To investigate the use of short-term postoperative endotamponade with perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCLs) for the treatment of giant retinal tear-associated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). This retrospective study evaluated patients who had 2-stage surgery, which entailed pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) completed in 2 consecutive surgeries spaced 5 days apart, during which a short-term tamponade with PFCL was used (Group 1), and patients who had conventional single-stage PPV with long-term silicone oil (SO) tamponade (Group 2). The study comprised 74 eyes of 68 patients, 52 in Group 1 and 22 in Group 2.

Macular hole associated Retinal Detachment in presumed Autosomal Recessive Bestrophinopathy (ARB)- A retrospective observational series of two cases.

Purpose: Surgical outcome of presumed Autosomal Recessive Bestrophinopathy (ARB)with full thickness macular hole and retinal detachment managed by pars plana vitrectomy.

Methods: A retrospective observational case series of two eyes of two patients who underwent 25 G pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of internal limiting membrane and SF6 tamponade and were assessed with respect to best corrected visual acuity, fundus photographs and spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Results: Type 1 closure of macular hole was achieved along with resolution of retinal detachment in both patients.

A retrospective analysis of surgical outcome in sutureless glueless scleral fixation of foldable intraocular lens.

Introduction: Cataract surgery constitutes one of the highest volume surgeries performed worldwide approximating 10 million annually, varying from 100 to 6000 per million population. Implantation of scleral fixated intra-ocular lens (SFIOL) is getting popular in managing difficult situations like aphakia, subluxated lens, and dislocated cataracts.

Objective: This retrospective series evaluated our experience with foldable 3-piece acrylic SFIOL implantation for various challenging surgical scenarios in a tertiary care ophthalmic institute in the southern part of India.

Clinical Presentation and Treatment Outcomes of Pupillary Block Glaucoma Following Vitreoretinal Surgery.

Purpose: To describe the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of pupillary block glaucoma (PBG) following vitreoretinal surgery (VR surgery).

Material And Methods: Retrospective observational study of 6941 patients, who underwent VR surgery at a tertiary eye care centre in South India between January 2015 and December 2019. Amongst them, clinical data of 61 patients who developed PBG were taken for statistical analysis.

Unilateral retinitis pigmentosa associated with cystoid macular oedema.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common inherited cause of blindness in the developed world, characterized by night blindness, reduced central vision and constricted visual field; however, unilateral RP is extremely rare. Macular complications such as cystoid macular oedema (CME), macular holes and vitreoretinal interface alterations, such as epiretinal membranes, have been reported in advanced stages. We describe a patient with unilateral RP presenting with CME, a rare occurrence.

Couching of cataractous lens in microphthalmic eyes with irido-fundal coloboma: revisiting the historical technique.

Purpose: Cataract surgery in microphthalmic eyes is challenging due to anatomical restraints, hard bulky nucleus. This series aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of couching of intraocular lens in irido-fundal coloboma with microphthalmos.

Setting: Tertiary care centre in South India.

Age-related reduction in the functional properties of adult stem cells located in the peripheral region of human retinal pigment epithelium.

Purpose: Adult stem cells (SCs) with self-renewal and multilineage potential have been reported upon culturing human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The current study aimed to identify the location of SCs in human RPE and to elucidate the age-related changes.

Methods: Peripheral, equatorial, and central RPE cells from donors of three age groups were analyzed for their sphere-forming, clonal, and label-retaining cell properties.

Detection of microRNAs expression signatures in vitreous humor of intraocular tuberculosis.

Background: MicroRNA (miRNA) expression analysis has been shown to provide them as biomarkers in several eye diseases and has a regulatory role in pathogenesis. However, miRNA expression analysis in the vitreous humor (VH) of intraocular tuberculosis (IOTB) is not studied. Thus, we aim to find miRNA expression signatures in the VH of IOTB patients to identify their regulatory role in disease pathogenesis and to find them as potential biomarkers for IOTB.

Comparative proteomics of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in people with Type 2 diabetes highlights the role of inflammation, visual transduction, and extracellular matrix pathways.

Purpose: To explore the vitreous humor proteome from type 2 diabetes subjects with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in the Indian population.

Methods: We performed mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative analysis of vitreous proteome of PDR (n = 13) and idiopathic macular hole (IMH; control) subjects (n = 14). Nine samples of PDR and 10 samples of IMH were pooled as case and control, respectively, and compared.

Microbiological Profile of Post-cataract Surgery Endophthalmitis with Usage of Prophylactic Intracameral Moxifloxacin.

Purpose: To study the effect of prophylactic intracameral moxifloxacin (ICM) on microbiological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity of culture-proven postoperative endophthalmitis (POE).

Methods: This study evaluated culture-proven POE diagnosed within 6 weeks of cataract surgery over two periods, period-1 (January 2010-March 2015) and period-2 (April 2015-December 2019), before and after introduction of prophylactic ICM, respectively.

Results: In period-1, 100 cases of culture-positive POE were reported (1 in 4879, 0.

Surgical management of full-thickness macular hole following Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy for pre-macular haemorrhage in a patient with anaemic retinopathy.

Pre-macular haemorrhage (PMH) can cause profound visual loss. Some surgeons prefer neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) hyaloidotomy as the first line of treatment due to being an easy technique and having a high success rate. However, the use of high energy close to the fovea can lead to various macular complications.

A report on a series of nanophthalmos with histopathology and immunohistochemistry analyses using light microscopy.

We aimed to study the histopathological and immunohistochemistry features in clinically diagnosed cases of nanophthalmos using light microscopy. This was an observational comparative study. We enrolled four eyes of four consecutive patients with nanophthalmos and visually significant cataract, who underwent cataract surgery with prophylactic posterior sclerostomy.

Bilateral Central Retinal Vein Occlusion in a Neonate.

Aim: To report the management of a neonate who presented with simultaneous bilateral central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) secondary to septicemia.

Design: Case Report.

Results: A full-term infant was treated for neonatal sepsis with thrombocytopenia.

Clinical features, management, and outcomes of expulsive choroidal hemorrhage during cataract surgery: 13-year experience of a tertiary eye center.

Purpose: To study the risk factors, clinical features, management, and outcomes of intraoperative expulsive choroidal hemorrhage (ECH) during cataract surgery.

Setting: Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Design: Retrospective hospital-based study.

Digitally assisted vitreoretinal surgery: A unique surgical teaching tool for beginners.

Purpose: To study the role of digitally assisted vitreoretinal surgery (DAVS) as a learning and teaching tool compared to that of the standard binocular side-scope of the conventional analog microscope (CAM).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted at a tertiary eye care center and teaching institute in South India. Postgraduate residents and clinical fellows observed a predecided set of retinal surgical procedures using both DAVS and CAM.

Evaluation of retinal functional changes after macular hole surgery using heavy brilliant blue G dye for internal limiting membrane staining: A prospective, single blind, randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate retinal functional changes after idiopathic macular hole (MH) surgery using heavy brilliant blue G (hBBG) dye for internal limiting membrane (ILM) staining.

Methods: Forty-four eyes with idiopathic MH were randomized into two groups - 24 eyes undergoing vitrectomy with ILM peeling using hBBG staining and 20 eyes without staining; anatomical and functional status (with microperimetry (MP)) at baseline and during postoperative follow-up were noted and compared.

Results: All eyes had closure of MH postoperatively and overall baseline MP indices (average threshold, AT; foveal sensitivity, FS) improved significantly at 6 weeks and 6 months of follow-up.