Development and validation of reversed-phase HPLC gradient method for the estimation of efavirenz in plasma.

Efavirenz is an anti-viral agent of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor category used as a part of highly active retroviral therapy for the treatment of infections of human immune deficiency virus type-1. A simple, sensitive and rapid reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic gradient method was developed and validated for the determination of efavirenz in plasma. The method was developed with high performance liquid chromatography using Waters X-Terra Shield, RP18 50 x 4.

Systematic Approach for the Formulation and Optimization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Efavirenz by High Pressure Homogenization Using Design of Experiments for Brain Targeting and Enhanced Bioavailability.

The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, used for the treatment of HIV infections, are reported to have low bioavailability pertaining to high first-pass metabolism, high protein binding, and enzymatic metabolism. They also show low permeability across blood brain barrier. The CNS is reported to be the most important HIV reservoir site.

Chitosan microspheres of aceclofenac: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

The objective of this investigation was to achieve controlled drug release of Aceclofenac (ACE) microspheres and to minimize local side-effects in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Sustained release chitosan microspheres containing ACE were prepared using double-emulsion solvent evaporation method (O/W/O). Chitosan microspheres were prepared by varying drug to polymer ratio (1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6).

Design and evaluation of ocular drug delivery system for controlled delivery of gatifloxacin sesquehydrate: In vitro and in vivo evaluation.

The objective of this investigation was to formulate ocular inserts of gatifloxacin sesquehydrate to achieve controlled drug release. Drug reservoir was prepared using hydrophilic polymers, namely polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The rate controlling membrane was prepared using hydrophobic ethyl cellulose by solvent casting method.

Preparation and characterization of spray-dried mucoadhesive microspheres of aceclofenac.

Objective: Microencapsulation of the anti-inflammatory drug aceclofenac (ACE) was investigated as a means of controlling drug release and minimizing or eliminating local side effects.

Method: Microspheres were prepared by a spray-drying technique using solutions of ACE and three polymers, namely, carbopol, chitosan, and polycarbophil, in different weight ratios.

Results: The spray-dried mucoadhesive microspheres were characterized in terms of shape (scanning electron microscope), size (6.