Comprehensive Assessment of Subtyping Methods for Improved Surveillance of Foodborne Salmonella.

High-resolution and efficient typing for the bacterial pathogen is essential for tracking the sources, detecting or diagnosing variants, and conducting a risk assessment. However, a systematic in-field investigation of Salmonella along the food chain has not been documented. This study assessed 12 typing methods, such as antimicrobial-resistance (AMR) gene profile typing, Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing (cgMLST), and CRISPR multi-virulence locus sequence typing (CRISPR-MVLST), to evaluate their effectiveness for use in routine monitoring of foodborne Salmonella transmission along the poultry production chain.

Sero-detection of Coxiella burnetii infection in cattle, sheep and goats in selected regions of Nepal.

Coxiella burnetii, a Gram-negative bacterium is a zoonotic agent causing coxiellosis in animals. Small ruminants and cattle are the primary reservoirs for human infection. This study was aimed to estimate the sero-prevalence of C.

ONE Health Approach to Address Zoonotic Brucellosis: A Spatiotemporal Associations Study Between Animals and Humans.

Brucellosis is one of the most significant zoonosis over the world, threatening both veterinary and human public health. However, few studies were focused on nationwide animal brucellosis and made association with human brucellosis. We conducted a bilingual literature search on or brucellosis in China on the two largest databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed) and conducted a systematic review.

Persistent Asymptomatic Human Infections by Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in China.

serovar Newport ( Newport) infections are gradually on the rise in China from the last decade. For humans' infections, Newport has been ranked among the top five serovars responsible for persistent infections, globally. A total of 290 Newport strains with their relevant clinical metadata were analyzed, and the strains were subjected to whole-genome sequence analysis.

Global Burden of Colistin-Resistant Bacteria: Mobilized Colistin Resistance Genes Study (1980-2018).

Colistin is considered to be an antimicrobial of last-resort for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. The recent global dissemination of mobilized colistin resistance () genes is an urgent public health threat. An accurate estimate of the global prevalence of genes, their reservoirs and the potential pathways for human transmission are required to implement control and prevention strategies, yet such data are lacking.

Characterization of Salmonella Dublin isolated from bovine and human hosts.

Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin (S. Dublin), a cattle adapted serovar causes enteritis, and systemic disease in bovines.

Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Recovered From Finishing Pigs and Slaughter Facilities in Henan, China.

With the increase in commercial pig farming, there is a simultaneous increase in the use of antibiotics for prophylaxis as well as therapeutics in China. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence and resistance diversity of salmonellae isolated from feces of asymptomatic, live and slaughtered pigs. We analyzed 1,732 pig fecal samples collected over 8 months, at Henan province of China.

Antibiotic Resistance in Typhimurium Isolates Recovered From the Food Chain Through National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System Between 1996 and 2016.

is a major foodborne pathogen which causes widespread contamination and infection worldwide. Typhimurium is one of the leading serovars responsible for human and animal salmonellosis, globally. The increasing rate of antibiotic resistance in Typhimurium poses a significant global concern, and an improved understanding of the distribution of antibiotic resistance patterns in Typhimurium is essential for choosing the suitable antibiotic for the treatment of infections.

Classical swine fever virus C-strain with eight mutation sites shows enhanced cell adaptation and protects pigs from lethal challenge.

Control of classical swine fever (CSF) in developing countries is achieved by immunization with attenuated vaccines, such as the lapinized C-strain vaccine that has been widely used in China. However, C-strain has relatively low growth rate in cell cultures, thus affecting productivity of the vaccine for the industry. In this study, eight amino acid residues were mutated on the C-strain backbone, resulting in a cell-adapted strain Cmut8.

E2 and E of classical swine fever virus C-strain play central roles in its adaptation to rabbits.

The classical swine fever virus (CSFV) C-strain has been used as a vaccine strain for over 60 years in China. A recent study has demonstrated that the E2 protein of C-strain plays a major role in its adaptation to rabbits. E2 protein in combination with either E or E1 confers rabbit adaptation for the C-strain, and the residues P108 and T109 in domain I of E2 are critical for rabbit adaptation.

Diversified sources for human infections by Salmonella enterica serovar newport.

Salmonella enterica Newport (S. Newport), with phylogenetic diversity feature, contributes to significant public health concerns. Our previous study suggested that S.

The potential role of tubeimosides in cancer prevention and treatment.

Natural compounds are important sources of anticancer drugs. Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis (Chinese name "Tu Bei Mu") is the dry tuber of Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franquet (Cucurbitaceae).

Dual flow immunochromatographic assay for rapid and simultaneous quantitative detection of ochratoxin A and zearalenone in corn, wheat, and feed samples.

A one-step dual flow immunochromatographic assay (DICGA), based on a competitive format, was developed for simultaneous quantification of ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEN) in corn, wheat, and feed samples. The limit of detection for OTA was 0.32 ng/ml with a detection range of 0.

Antibody Microarray Immunoassay for Simultaneous Quantification of Multiple Mycotoxins in Corn Samples.

We developed and tested a prototype of an antibody microarray immunoassay for simultaneous quantitative detection of four typical mycotoxins (aflatoxin B₁, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and fumonisin B₁) in corn samples. The test kit consisted of a nitrocellulose membrane layered with immobilized monoclonal antibodies against mycotoxins. During the assay, the mycotoxin-protein conjugates were biotinylated.

Development of a Magnetic Nanoparticles-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes (MNPs-SPEs) Biosensor for the Quantification of Ochratoxin A in Cereal and Feed Samples.

A rapid and sensitive electrochemical biosensor based on magnetic nanoparticles and screen-printed electrodes (MNPs-SPEs sensor) was developed for the detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereal and feed samples. Different types of magnetic nanoparticles-based ELISA (MNPs-ELISA) were optimized, and the signal detection, as well as sensitivity, was enhanced by the combined use of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve of the MNPs-SPEs sensor was = 0.

Retracted: Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella Enteritidis Isolates Recovered from Chicken, Chicken Breast, and Humans Through National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System Between 1996 and 2014.

The online e-pub version of the article entitled, Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella Enteritidis Isolates Recovered from Chicken, Chicken Breast, and Humans Through National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System Between 1996 and 2014" by Paudyal N, Pan H, Li X. Fang W. Yue M.

A Meta-Analysis of Major Foodborne Pathogens in Chinese Food Commodities Between 2006 and 2016.

Prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in food commodities in China have been reported in numerous publications over time. However, the results are scattered and varied. To calculate a robust point estimate with a higher statistical power, we applied meta-analytic approach for investigating the prevalence of common foodborne pathogens in major food items in China.

Multiple Food-Animal-Borne Route in Transmission of Antibiotic-Resistant Newport to Humans.

Characterization of transmission routes of among various food-animal reservoirs and their antibiogram is crucial for appropriate intervention and medical treatment. Here, we analyzed 3728 serovar Newport ( Newport) isolates collected from various food-animals, retail meats and humans in the United States between 1996 and 2015, based on their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) toward 27 antibiotics. Random Forest and Hierarchical Clustering statistic was used to group the isolates according to their MICs.

Prevalence of foodborne pathogens in food from selected African countries - A meta-analysis.

Food safety information in the African region is insufficient and fragmented due to lack of surveillance, documentation and reporting, thereby resulting in inefficient utilization of resources, duplication of activities, and lack of synergy among the countries of the region. This paper reviews the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in seven African countries (Benin, Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Sudan and Uganda) from papers in regional or international journals published between January 2000 and December 2015. One hundred and sixteen publications that dealt with food microbiology were reviewed for general analysis, while 66 papers on contamination of pathogenic bacteria were used for meta-analysis of prevalence.

Detection of antibodies against Bluetongue virus among domestic ruminants in the highlands of Nepal.

Bluetongue (BT) is one of the most economically important transboundary animal diseases. In recent years, it has been considered a disease related to climate change. A study was undertaken in 2013 in Nepal to measure the prevalence of Bluetongue virus (BTV) infection among domestic ruminants inhabiting the 3 agro-climatic zones with altitudes ranging from 150 to 2,400 metres above sea level.