The role of toll-like receptors in peptic ulcer disease.

() is the primary etiologic factor that induces events in the immune system that lead to peptic ulcers. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an important part of the innate immune system, as they play pivotal roles in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) recognition of as well host-associated damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Recent advancements such as COX-2 production, LPS recognition through TLR2, CagL, and CagY protein of activating TLR5, TLR9 activation via type IV secretion system (T4SS) using DNA transfer, TLR polymorphisms, their adaptor molecules, cytokines, and other factors play a significant role in PUD.

Toll-like receptors and hepatitis C virus infection.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide issue. However, the current treatment for hepatitis C has many shortcomings. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors involved in HCV infection, and an increasing number of studies are focusing on the role of TLRs in the progression of hepatitis C.

Dental pulp stem cells overexpressing hepatocyte growth factor facilitate the repair of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and recurrent disease without satisfactory treatment strategies. Dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) transplantation has been proposed as a potential therapy for UC. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of the rat hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene transduced into DPSCs for UC.