A multi-center survey on the postpartum mental health of mothers and attachment to their neonates during COVID-19 in Hubei Province of China.

Background: There is an emerging literature on the mental health of both pre- and post-partum mothers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: As of April 1, 2020, 23 mothers confirmed with COVID-19, 15 mothers suspected with COVID-19 but with negative polymerase chain reaction tests, and 33 mothers without COVID-19 (Control Group) were recruited for a study from Hubei Province in China. The Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS), the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale were applied to investigate the attachment of mothers to their neonates and the postpartum mental health of mothers within the first 3 months after delivery (between 20 to 89 days).

Intergenerational transmission and prevention of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).

In recent years, research and practice on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have shifted from delineating effects of ACEs on adulthood health problems to preventing ACEs in children. Nonetheless, little attention has focused on how parents' own childhood experiences, adverse or positive, may influence the transmission of ACEs across generations. Children's risk for ACEs and potential for resilience may be linked to the early child-rearing experiences of their parents carried forward into parenting practices.

Addressing Linguistic Barriers to Care: Evaluation of Breast Cancer Online Patient Educational Materials for Spanish-Speaking Patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the readability of breast cancer online patient educational materials (OPEM) written in Spanish and to compare to equivalent English-language OPEM.

Methods: The breast cancer-related terms cáncer de seno (breast cancer), detección de cáncer de seno (breast cancer screening), and biopsia de seno (breast biopsy) were queried using an online search engine. After each query, educational information related to the queried term was downloaded from each website appearing on the first five search engine result pages.

Efficient refolding and functional characterization of AMA1(DI+DII) expressed in .

Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) is a surface protein of that plays a crucial role in forming moving junction (MJ) during the invasion of human red blood cells. The obligatory presence of AMA1 in the parasite lifecycle designates this protein as a potential vaccine candidate and an essential target for the development of novel peptide or protein therapeutics. However, due to multiple cysteine residues in the protein sequence, attaining the native fold with correct disulfide linkages during the refolding process after expression in bacteria has remained challenging for years.

Circulating Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Cancers.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a particularly sobering disease because it carries a high mortality rate. The characteristic tendency of GI cancers to reveal symptoms only in the malignant phase is the major contributing factor to its poor patient outcomes. Hence, it is critical to actively work towards identifying methods to diagnose this type of cancer in its early stages.

Altered Cerebellar White Matter in Sensory Processing Dysfunction Is Associated With Impaired Multisensory Integration and Attention.

Sensory processing dysfunction (SPD) is characterized by a behaviorally observed difference in the response to sensory information from the environment. While the cerebellum is involved in normal sensory processing, it has not yet been examined in SPD. Diffusion tensor imaging scans of children with SPD ( = 42) and typically developing controls (TDC; = 39) were compared for fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) across the following cerebellar tracts: the middle cerebellar peduncles (MCP), superior cerebellar peduncles (SCP), and cerebral peduncles (CP).

RadTranslate: An Artificial Intelligence-Powered Intervention for Urgent Imaging to Enhance Care Equity for Patients With Limited English Proficiency During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: Disproportionally high rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been noted among communities with limited English proficiency, resulting in an unmet need for improved multilingual care and interpreter services. To enhance multilingual care, the authors created a freely available web application, RadTranslate, that provides multilingual radiology examination instructions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of this intervention in radiology.

Non-Hermitian semi-Dirac semi-metals.

Recently, many novel and exotic phases have been proposed by considering the role of topology in non-Hermitian systems, and their emergent properties are of wide current interest. In this work we propose the non-Hermitian generalization of semi-Dirac semimetals, which feature a linear dispersion along one momentum direction and a quadratic one along the other. We study the topological phase transitions in such two-dimensional semi-Dirac semimetals in the presence of a particle gain-and-loss term.

Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of Natural Products.

The total synthesis of structurally complex natural products has challenged and inspired generations of chemists and remains an exciting area of active research. Despite their history as privileged bioactivity-rich scaffolds, the use of natural products in drug discovery has waned. This shift is driven by their relatively low abundance hindering isolation from natural sources and the challenges presented by their synthesis.

Co-orchestration of acute kidney injury and non-kidney organ failures in critically ill patients with cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: Little is known on the course of acute kidney injury (AKI) and its relation to non-kidney organ failures and mortality in critically ill patients with cirrhosis (CICs).

Methods: We conducted a large prospective, single-centre, observational study in which CICs were followed up daily, during the first 7 days of intensive care, collecting prespecified criteria for AKI, extrarenal extrahepatic organ failures (ERH-OFs) and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

Results: A total of 291 patients admitted to ICU were enrolled; 231 (79.

Leveraging Emergency Department Encounters to Improve Cancer Screening Adherence.

Objective: We aimed to estimate the proportion of patients visiting the emergency department (ED) who were not up to date with cancer screening guidelines to assess the scope of need and potential impact of ED-based cancer screening interventions.

Methods: Adult participants from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey were included. Among patients nonadherent to national breast, colorectal, or lung cancer screening guidelines, the proportion of patients reporting an ED visit within the last year was estimated, accounting for complex survey sampling design features.

Uncommon cause of cardiac tamponade in a young man.

We report a rare case of cardiac angiosarcoma in a young boy who presented with cardiac tamponade. His initial symptoms were non-specific. He was initially being managed in the line of fungal infection, with a possibility of malignancy.

Assessing single-cell transcriptomic variability through density-preserving data visualization.

Nonlinear data visualization methods, such as t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP), summarize the complex transcriptomic landscape of single cells in two dimensions or three dimensions, but they neglect the local density of data points in the original space, often resulting in misleading visualizations where densely populated subsets of cells are given more visual space than warranted by their transcriptional diversity in the dataset. Here we present den-SNE and densMAP, which are density-preserving visualization tools based on t-SNE and UMAP, respectively, and demonstrate their ability to accurately incorporate information about transcriptomic variability into the visual interpretation of single-cell RNA sequencing data. Applied to recently published datasets, our methods reveal significant changes in transcriptomic variability in a range of biological processes, including heterogeneity in transcriptomic variability of immune cells in blood and tumor, human immune cell specialization and the developmental trajectory of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Phase II Trial of Costimulation Blockade With Abatacept for Prevention of Acute GVHD.

Purpose: Severe (grade 3-4) acute graft-versus-host disease (AGVHD) is a major cause of death after unrelated-donor (URD) hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), resulting in particularly high mortality after HLA-mismatched transplantation. There are no approved agents for AGVHD prevention, underscoring the critical unmet need for novel therapeutics. ABA2 was a phase II trial to rigorously assess safety, efficacy, and immunologic effects of adding T-cell costimulation blockade with abatacept to calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)/methotrexate (MTX)-based GVHD prophylaxis, to test whether abatacept could decrease AGVHD.

Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants.

The pregnancy period represents a unique window of opportunity to identify risks to both the fetus and mother and to deter the intergenerational transmission of adversity and mental health problems. Although the maternal-fetal dyad is especially vulnerable to the effects of stress during pregnancy, less is known about how the dyad is also receptive to salutary, resilience-promoting influences. The present review adopts life span and intergenerational perspectives to review four key areas of research.

Assessing the changes in childbirth care practices and neonatal outcomes in Western China: pre-comparison and post-comparison study on early essential newborn care interventions.

Objective: To explore the changes in childbirth care practices and health outcomes of newborns after the introduction of early essential newborn care (EENC).

Design: A pre-comparison and post-comparison study.

Setting: The study was conducted in December 2016 and December 2018 in 18 counties in four western provinces of China.

Absence of contrast enhancement in a petroclival meningioma: Case report and systematic literature review.

Background: Meningioma is one of the most common intracranial tumors with well-established radiologic features such as contrast enhancement, dural tail, and hyperostosis on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Contrast enhancement is usually homogeneous or heterogeneous based on tumor vascularity and underlying histopathology. Even in this context, faint or nonenhancing meningioma is exceedingly rare.

Promoting Lactation Support: Challenges and Solutions to Supporting Breastfeeding Radiologists.

Rationale And Objectives: Although the evidence for the benefits of breastfeeding is strong, parents are often unable to continue breastfeeding upon returning from maternity leave for a variety of reasons. Breastfeeding parents in medicine face unique challenges upon returning to the workforce after maternity leave. Current research on breastfeeding radiologists is limited.

Financing Adolescent Health in China: How Much, Who Pays, and Where It Goes.

Purpose: Adolescent health has been gaining increasing attention in the Sustainable Development Goals era. Data on adolescent health financing are essential for evidence-based policy planning and evaluation. Little is known on national expenditure on adolescent health in China.

Adolescent Health and Healthy China 2030: A Review.

Purpose: This article explores differences between the current health status of adolescents and the targets set in Healthy China 2030 (HC2030).

Methods: Global and domestic policies and strategies relating to adolescent health were reviewed. Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (1990-2016) and the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health (1985-2014) were used to analyze time trends and geographical distributions of health indicators for adolescents aged 10-19 years in China.

Towards Comprehensive National Surveillance for Adolescent Health in China: Priority Indicators and Current Data Gaps.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to propose a health indicator system responsive to current Chinese adolescent health needs and identify data gaps in current information systems.

Methods: We identified 186 keywords for adolescent health gathered from three sources: contributors to the burden of disease captured in the Global Burden of Diseases 2015, together with independent literature and expert desk reviews; major health-related policies released by the State Council of China; and global strategies issued by UN agencies over the past five years. All keywords were synthesized into indicators and ranked with core indicators identified through panel discussions and literature review.

Lung cancer screening eligibility and use with low-dose computed tomography: Results from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System cross-sectional survey.

Background: In randomized controlled trials, lung cancer screening with low-dose chest computed tomography (LCS) has been reported to reduce lung cancer mortality. Although initial studies suggested that only approximately 5% of eligible patients have undergone LCS, recent studies have indicated that use of LCS may be increasing nationwide. The objective of the current study was to estimate recent LCS use using cross-sectional survey data from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey.