Purpose Of Review: Dental caries or tooth decay is one of the communal problems in the world which can affect not only the oral health but also the general health conditions. The main objective of this systematic review is to explore the efficacy of bioactive glass-based toothpastes against cariogenic bacteria.
Recent Findings: Bioactive glass particulates containing toothpaste show better remineralization potential on demineralized enamel and dentin when compared with toothpaste containing various bioactive constituents such as fluoride and potassium chloride.
Social science often relies on surveys of households and individuals. Dozens of such surveys are regularly administered by the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVarious technologies and strategies have been proposed to decarbonize the chemical industry. Assessing the decarbonization, environmental, and economic implications of these technologies and strategies is critical to identifying pathways to a more sustainable industrial future. This study reviews recent advancements and integration of systems analysis models, including process analysis, material flow analysis, life cycle assessment, techno-economic analysis, and machine learning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe relationship between growth, inequality and poverty remains elusive, despite considerable scholarship. To what extent can governments rely on growth to eradicate poverty without reducing inequality? We derive a closed-form relationship between a minimum income threshold, changes in the Gini index of income inequality and average national income required to meet this target, independent of the form of income distribution. We develop a generalized form of redistribution and validate it against historical changes in inequality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndia is the world's second largest producer of wheat, with more than 40% increase in production since 2000. Increasing temperatures raise concerns about wheat's sensitivity to heat. Traditionally-grown sorghum is an alternative rabi (winter season) cereal, but area under sorghum production has declined more than 20% since 2000.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrbanization, slum redevelopment, and population growth will lead to unprecedented levels of residential building construction in "low- and middle-income" (LMI) countries in the coming decades. However, less than 50% of previous residential building life-cycle assessment (LCA) reviews included LMI countries. Moreover, all reviews that included LMI countries only considered formal (cement-concrete) buildings, while more than 800 million people in these countries lived in informal settlements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian Dermatol Online J
April 2023
We welcome the analysis of Semieniuk . () as an additional sensitivity to illustrate a more extreme distribution of regional contributions to climate mitigation investments that supports our main conclusion regarding the North-South divide in mitigation investment capabilities. In response to Semieniuk .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Presently the leprosy program has no defined surveillance protocols for patients who complete the fixed duration multidrug therapy and are released from treatment (RFT). Hence, the information about the post-RFT events in these patients is sparse and qualitative and quantitative data regarding their health care requirements is missing. During the survey carried out by the Indian Association of Dermatologists,Venereologists and Leprologists (IADVL), a number of patients presented to dermatologists during the post RFT period for a variety of symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim And Objectives: The aim of the study is to compare the outcome in children born with long-gap esophageal atresia following reverse gastric tube esophagoplasty (RGTE) with or without the lower esophageal stump as a "fundoplication" wrap.
Materials And Methods: All children who underwent RGTE between 2008 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in whom the lower esophagus (LE) had been excised as is done routinely in RGTE (Group 1) were compared with those where the LE was wrapped partially or completely around the intraabdominal neo-esophagus (Group 2).
Material efficiency (ME) can support rapid climate change mitigation and circular economy. Here, we comprehensively assess the circularity of ME strategies for copper use in the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the context of breast cancer detection, mechanical imaging is an emerging technique for screening breast cancer. In view of its promise, it deserves a detailed investigation. Development of material that can emulate tissue behavior is essential for research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Special Interest Group (SIG) on leprosy thought it to be prudent to revisit its previous practice recommendations through this update. During this period, the pandemic course shifted to a 'second wave' riding on the 'delta variant'. While the number of cases increased manifold, so did the research on all aspects of the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEthnopharmacological Relevance: Chandamarutha Chenduram (CC), an Indian traditional Siddha preparation officially recorded in the Siddha formulary of India and its composition are widely used in the Siddha practice of neurological disorders like stroke/paralysis in India. However, the scientific validation and mechanistic evidence is lacking and yet to be elucidated.
Aim Of The Study: To establish the scientific evidences and to explore the possible neuroprotective mechanism of CC in cerebral ischemia.
Indian Dermatol Online J
July 2021
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is an established target protein for therapeutic intervention in various diseases, including cancer. Reported inhibitors of CDK2 target the ATP-binding pocket to inhibit the kinase activity. Many small molecule CDK2 inhibitors have been discovered, and their crystal structure with CDK2 or CDK2-cyclin A complex has been published.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol
February 2022
Background: The prevalence of dermatophytes varies with season, geographical area, socio-economic factors and effective management strategies.
Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of pathogenic dermatophytes, clinical types of dermatophyte fungal infection, and in vitro antifungal drug susceptibility testing against dermatophytes.
Methods: Three hundred and ninety five patients with dermatophytosis were enrolled from five cities (Mumbai, Delhi, Lucknow, Kolkata and Hyderabad) across India.
Sustainability endorses high quality, long-lasting goods. Durable goods, however, often require substantial amounts of energy during their production and use-phase and indirectly through complementary products and services. We quantify the global household's final energy footprints (EFs) of durable goods and the complementary goods needed to operate, service and maintain durables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Dermatologists in India are trained and qualified to treat leprosy and there is evidence to suggest that they are involved in the diagnosis and management of a significant number of leprosy patients in the country. The present study evaluated the access to quality leprosy services at their clinics and hospitals to understand the extent of their role in providing comprehensive care to people affected by leprosy and how it can be organized further.
Methods: The DermLep Study was a pan-India questionnaire-based survey carried out to evaluate the role that dermatologists play in leprosy management in the country.
Introduction: There is evidence to suggest that there is a mismatch between the number of reported cases of leprosy in India and the number of actual cases in the country. One reason could be that many patients are diagnosed and treated outside the NLEP network and dermatologists may be managing some of these patients not captured by official statistics. To estimate these missing numbers, the carried out to study the number and profile of leprosy patients seen by dermatologists and their significance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPost-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS)-mediated gene silencing exploits the cellular mechanism wherein transcripts having sequence similarity to the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules present in the cell will be subjected to degradation. PTGS is closely related to natural processes such as RNA-mediated virus resistance and cross-protection in plants. Gene silencing and the cellular machinery for affecting this phenomenon might have evolved as a natural protective measure against viral infection in plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Dermatophytosis has always been a common superficial mycosis in India. However, the past 6-7 years have seen an unprecedented increase in the number of patients affected by recurrent, chronic, recalcitrant and steroid modified dermatophytosis involving the glabrous skin (tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea faciei). Importantly, there has been a notable decrease in clinical responsiveness to commonly used antifungals given in conventional doses and durations resulting in difficult-to-treat infections.
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