Impact of Operating Table Height on the Difficulty of Mask Ventilation and Laryngoscopic View.

: Airway management techniques, including mask ventilation and tracheal intubation, are vital across medical settings. However, these procedures can be challenging, especially when environmental conditions are less than ideal. This study explores how the height of the operating table affects the difficulty of anesthesia techniques involving mask ventilation and tracheal intubation.

Serotonin-Mediated Anti-Allodynic Effect of Yokukansan on Diabetes-Induced Neuropathic Pain.

Diabetic neuropathic pain is a known complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and results from the complex interaction of various factors affecting the nervous system. Yokuansan (YKS) is a versatile traditional Japanese herbal medicine with a wide range of applications, especially in pain management and neurological manifestations. YKS has analgesic properties for nerve damage and is a potential treatment for DM-induced neuropathic pain, especially in patients with diabetic neuropathy.

Impact of proficiency in the transcatheter aortic valve implantation procedure on clinical outcomes: a single center retrospective study.

Background: We used transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedure time to investigate the association between surgical team maturity and outcome.

Methods: Among patients who underwent TAVI between October 2015 and November 2019, those who had Sapien™ implanted with the transfemoral artery approach were included in the analysis. We used TAVI procedure time and surgery number to draw a learning curve.

Prevention of Oxygen Desaturation in a Patient With Previous Experience of Severe Hypoxia in Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy by Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilator Exchange: A Case Report.

Transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilator exchange (THRIVE) has been reported to have better efficacy during anesthesia induction compared to conventional mask ventilation, including improved oxygenation and prolonged safe apnea time. This study reports on the effectiveness of the THRIVE system during modified electroconvulsive therapy (mECT) for a patient experiencing severe hypoxia. A 78-year-old female patient with bipolar disorder received maintenance mECT every four weeks.

The Serotonin-Mediated Anti-Allodynic Effect of Yokukansan on Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain.

Refractory peripheral neuropathy can occur as a side effect in 60-70% of patients receiving Paclitaxel (PTX). Yokukansan (YKS) is a Japanese herbal medicine reported to have analgesic properties for entrapment nerve injuries. Therefore, we investigated the anti-allodynic effect of Yokukansan on Paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.

Reply to Su et al. Comment on "Matsumoto et al. Remimazolam's Effects on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Are Similar to Those of Propofol after Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 2023, , 5402".

We thank the authors for their insightful and thoughtful commentary on our recent publication [...

Features and mechanisms of propofol-induced protein kinase C (PKC) translocation and activation in living cells.

In this study, we aimed to elucidate the action mechanisms of propofol, particularly those underlying propofol-induced protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. Various PKCs fused with green fluorescent protein (PKC-GFP) or other GFP-fused proteins were expressed in HeLa cells, and their propofol-induced dynamics were observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Propofol-induced PKC activation in cells was estimated using the C kinase activity receptor (CKAR), an indicator of intracellular PKC activation.

Effects of Remimazolam on Intracellular Calcium Dynamics in Myotubes Derived from Patients with Malignant Hyperthermia and Functional Analysis of Type 1 Ryanodine Receptor Gene Variants.

Remimazolam is a novel general anesthetic and its safety in patients with malignant hyperthermia (MH) is unknown. We used myotubes derived from the skeletal muscle of patients with MH to examine the response to ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) agonist and remimazolam in MH-susceptible patients. Patients underwent muscle biopsy for the Ca-induced Ca release (CICR) rate test, a diagnostic tool for MH in Japan.

Remimazolam-based anesthesia with flumazenil allows faster emergence than propofol-based anesthesia in older patients undergoing spinal surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel, ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine that can be antagonized by flumazenil. This study aimed to determine whether remimazolam-based anesthesia with flumazenil provides a more rapid emergence than propofol-based anesthesia in older patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Methods: This was a prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Intake Supports the Gut Microbiota and Attenuates Inflammation during Influenza H1N1 Virus Infection in Mice.

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is a soluble dietary fiber that is effective for defecation control. It influences the gut microbiota, by which it is metabolized to yield short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and it was also recently shown to protect against influenza infection in humans. We here investigated the effects of PHGG in a mouse model of influenza H1N1 virus infection.

Remimazolam's Effects on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Are Similar to Those of Propofol after Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

(1) Background: Remimazolam is a novel benzodiazepine that prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), is more effective than volatile anesthetics, and was recently approved for use in Japan. (2) Methods: This prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial study aimed to compare the efficacy of remimazolam and propofol as general anesthetics in terms of the incidence of PONV after laparoscopic gynecological surgery (UMIN000046237). High-risk female patients who underwent general anesthesia with either remimazolam or propofol for the maintenance of anesthesia were enrolled.

Identification of protein kinase C domains involved in its translocation induced by propofol.

Propofol is widely used for general anesthesia and sedation; however, the mechanisms of its anesthetic and adverse effects are not fully understood. We have previously shown that propofol activates protein kinase C (PKC) and induces its translocation in a subtype-specific manner. The purpose of this study was to identify the PKC domains involved in propofol-induced PKC translocation.

Remimazolam Requires Less Vasopressor Support during Induction and Maintenance of General Anesthesia in Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Retrospective Analysis from a Single Center.

Introduction: We compared the hemodynamics during general anesthesia with remimazolam and conventional anesthetics in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS).

Methods: This was a retrospective single-center analysis. We reviewed the records of 42 patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation with a transfemoral artery approach under general anesthesia from January to December 2020.

Venous cannula occlusion during cardiopulmonary bypass recognized by ultrasonography of the internal jugular vein.

Background: Occlusion or malposition of the venous cannula during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) increases central venous pressure (CVP). When high CVP is measured, we need to determine if it is actually high or if it is measured due to catheter occlusion or technical problems with the measurement.

Case Presentation: We experienced a case of excessively high CVP due to malposition of the venous cannula during CPB.

Remimazolam decreased the incidence of early postoperative nausea and vomiting compared to desflurane after laparoscopic gynecological surgery.

Purpose: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common adverse event after surgery. Remimazolam is a novel sedative agent recently approved for general anesthesia in Japan. This study evaluated the efficacy of remimazolam in the incidence of PONV after laparoscopic gynecological surgery under general anesthesia.

Characterization of intracellular calcium mobilization induced by remimazolam, a newly approved intravenous anesthetic.

Many anesthetics, including Propofol, have been reported to induce elevation of intracellular calcium, and we were interested to investigate the possible contribution of calcium elevation to the mechanism of the newly approved remimazolam actions. Remimazolam is an intravenous anesthetic first approved in Japan in July 2020, and is thought to exert its anesthetic actions via γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors; however, the precise mechanisms of how remimazolam elevates intracellular calcium levels remains unclear. We examined the remimazolam-induced elevation of intracellular calcium using SHSY-5Y neuroblastoma cells, COS-7 cells, HEK293 cells, HeLa cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) loaded with fluorescent dyes for live imaging.

Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia does not increase the risk of postoperative delirium compared to patient-controlled epidural analgesia: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study.

Background: It is unclear whether the doses of opioids and the routes of administration used for postoperative analgesic management are associated with delirium. We aimed to compare the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) between intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IVPCA) and patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) in patients who underwent postoperative analgesic management using opioids.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated surgical patients (n=3,324) who received patient-controlled analgesia (PCA).

Relationship Between the Loaded Pressure and Flow Rate of Packed Red Blood Cells and Various Infusion Solutions in Normal Infusion Lines and Catheters.

Background: We investigated the relationship between the loaded pressure and flow rate in various catheters and the entire infusion line including the catheters, in several infusion solutions and packed red blood cells.

Methods: We connected the infusion line and catheter to the infusion solution and used an outer pressure bag or a compressor to pressurize the infusion solution bag to a pressure within the clinical (up to 450 mm Hg) or higher range (up to 1050 mm Hg). We approximated the relationship between the loaded pressure and flow rate in the entire infusion line including the catheter, versus the catheter alone, as a power function and compared the power numbers.

Leucine induces cardioprotection in vitro by promoting mitochondrial function via mTOR and Opa-1 signaling.

Background And Aims: Coronary heart disease is a major global health concern. Further, severity of this condition is greatly influenced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have cardioprotective effects against I/R via mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity, wherein Leu is considered to particularly regulate mTOR activation.

Prediction of blood pressure change during surgical incision under opioid analgesia using sympathetic response evoking threshold.

Opioid inhibition of nociceptive stimuli varies in individuals and is difficult to titrate. We have reported the vascular stiffness value (K) as a standard monitor to quantify sympathetic response with high accuracy. On the contrary, among individuals, a considerable variation in the rate of change in K for constant pain has been observed.

Impact of fentanyl on acute and chronic pain and its side effects when used with epidural analgesia after thoracic surgery in multimodal analgesia: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: We investigated the effects adding opioids to epidural anesthesia on acute and chronic pain and its side effects in multimodal analgesia.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study. We retrospectively studied patients who received epidural anesthesia after thoracic surgery.

Effects of Remimazolam and Propofol on Ca Regulation by Ryanodine Receptor 1 with Malignant Hyperthermia Mutation.

Background: We investigated the potential safety of remimazolam and propofol in malignant hyperthermia- (HM-) susceptible patients using ryanodine receptor 1- (RYR1-) expressing human embryonic kidney- (HEK-) 293 cells.

Methods: We compared the enhanced responsiveness of HEK-293 cells expressing wild-type with that of mutant to caffeine following perfusion with remimazolam or propofol. Furthermore, we investigated whether RYR1 enhanced the responsiveness of cells to remimazolam or propofol and compared the median effective concentration (EC; i.

Intraoperative responses of motor evoked potentials to the novel intravenous anesthetic remimazolam during spine surgery: a report of two cases.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel short-acting benzodiazepine characterized by metabolism independent from organ function. We report intraoperative MEP responses of two patients who underwent spine surgery under general anesthesia using remimazolam.

Case Presentation: In case 1, MEP monitoring was successfully performed with the use of a fixed dose of remimazolam at 0.