Episodic Volunteering in Sport Events: A Seven-Country Analysis.

Given its ubiquitous nature, sport events are one of the most popular venues for episodic volunteering around the world. This article explores the rare dataset of volunteering in sport events in seven countries-Finland, Ghana, India, Japan, Switzerland, Tanzania, United States-to overview the differences and similarities identified in demography, volunteers' reactions to hosts' management strategies, satisfaction, and intention to volunteer again. Key findings include differences in the level of satisfaction, where responses among American volunteers were the highest.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Induces IL34 Signaling and Promotes Chemoresistance via Tumor-Associated Macrophage Polarization in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in solid tumors including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the TME profile of ESCC treated with NAC is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of NAC on the TME especially tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), the important immunosuppressive components of the TME, in ESCC.

[A Case of Pelvic Liposarcoma Resected by Hybrid Approach].

Surgical resection is the most effective treatment for liposarcoma, a retroperitoneal malignant soft tissue tumor, and a reliable negative margin is required because of the high risk of local recurrence. We reported a case of pelvic liposarcoma that could be resected by laparoscopic and transsacral hybrid approach. A 60's-man had a mixed liposarcoma occupying the right rear of the pelvis in the rectum.

Tn Antigen Expression Defines an Immune Cold Subset of Mismatch-Repair Deficient Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells often express Tn antigen, a tumor-associated truncated immature O-glycan (GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr) that can promote tumor progression. Immunotherapies against Tn antigen have been developed and are being evaluated in clinical trials. Tn antigen can also be considered a novel immune checkpoint that induces immunosuppressive signaling through glycan-biding lectins to lead effector T cell apoptosis.

Crossmodal Association Between Linguistic Sounds and Motion Imagery: Voicing in Obstruents Connects With Different Strengths of Motor Execution.

The present study investigates whether obstruent voicing may or may not affect the imagery of different strengths of motor execution. In a modified version of the implicit association test, participants responded to discrimination tasks that include viewing static pictures of athletes in motion and hearing mono-syllabic linguistic sounds. The results suggest that voiced obstruents are compatible with the motion imagery that implies stronger motor executions, whereas voiceless obstruents are compatible with the imagery that implies weaker motor executions.

[A Case of Port Site Recurrence after Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy for Advanced Gastric Cancer].

It has been suggested that port site recurrence is a potential complication after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer, especially considering the increased number of laparoscopic surgeries being performed. We encountered a case of an 84-year-old man who was diagnosed with 2 port site recurrences at the navel and right hypochondrium after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy(D2). Pathological diagnosis for the original tumor was tub2, pT4a, pN1(1/38), M0, pStage III A, and HER2(0).

Takete and Maluma in Action: A Cross-Modal Relationship between Gestures and Sounds.

Despite Saussure's famous observation that sound-meaning relationships are in principle arbitrary, we now have a substantial body of evidence that sounds themselves can have meanings, patterns often referred to as "sound symbolism". Previous studies have found that particular sounds can be associated with particular meanings, and also with particular static visual shapes. Less well studied is the association between sounds and dynamic movements.