Effects of surfactant replacement on irregular overdistension of meconium-injured lungs in rats.

Background: Overdistension of the lungs is a cause of ventilator-induced lung injury. In meconium aspiration syndrome, irregular overdistension of the lungs often occurs.

Objectives: We investigated whether surfactant replacement could restore the terminal airspaces in the lungs that had been distended after meconium aspiration.

[Pneumothorax during esophageal endoscopic mucosal resection].

We report a case of pneumothorax occurring during esophageal endoscopic mucosal resection (EEMR). A 53-year-old man with early esophageal carcinoma was scheduled for EEMR under general anesthesia with artificial ventilation. During the operation, arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximeter suddenly decreased from 99% to 84%, and airway pressure increased from 15 cmH2O to 25 cmH2O.