Association between social network and dietary variety among community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: Social networks are critical social health factors for older adults. This study examined the association between social networks and dietary variety among community-dwelling older adults.

Design: A cross-sectional study, using the dietary variety score (DVS) developed for older Japanese people to assess dietary variety and the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) to assess social networks.

Association between asymmetric dimethylarginine and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older women.

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of endothelium nitric oxide synthesis and causes endothelial dysfunction that may be related to sarcopenia. However, the association between ADMA and sarcopenia has not been studied. We evaluated the correlations between plasma ADMA levels and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older women.

Low Dietary Variety Is Associated with Incident Frailty in Older Adults during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Cohort Study in Japan.

Background: Stagnation of social activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic probably reduces motivation to maintain a healthy diet. It is important to report on the dietary changes observed in older adults during a period of restriction on outings and to clarify the relationship between dietary variety and frailty. This one-year follow-up study examined the association between frailty and dietary variety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Breakfast Skipping and Declines in Cognitive Score Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort.

Previous studies outlined the correlation of adverse effects of breakfast skipping with cognitive function. However, the majority of these studies have focused on the short-term effects; to date, the long-term effect of breakfast skipping on cognitive function among older adults remains unclear. In this prospective cohort study of 712 older adults (mean age, 70.

Social contact impacts physical activity and sedentary behavior among older adults in Japan due to COVID-19.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has adversely affected social contact and physical activity. This study investigated the correlation between physical activity, social contact, and sedentary time among adults aged 65 years and above during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This study was conducted in N City, H Prefecture, Japan.

Relationship Between Social Activity and Frailty in Japanese Older Women During Restriction on Outings due to COVID-19.

Background: This study investigated the relationship between social activities and frailty during the restriction on outings due to COVID-19.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting And Subjects: This study was conducted in City Nishinomiya of Prefecture Hyogo, in Japan.

Lower dietary variety is associated with worse sleep quality in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women.

Background And Objectives: Sleep disturbance is a common health problem in the elderly population. We examined the association between dietary variety and subjective sleep quality in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women.

Methods And Study Design: This cross-sectional study recruited 160 community-dwelling elderly women aged ≥65 years.

Relationship Between Dietary Variety and Frailty in Older Japanese Women During the Period of Restriction on Outings Due to COVID-19.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between diet and frailty in community-dwelling older adults during the period of restriction on outings due to novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Method: A mail survey targeting adults aged 65 years or older, including questions on sex, age, height, weight, and social participation, was conducted in May 2020. The participants' dietary variety score and frailty score were then calculated.

Development and validation of nutrient estimates based on a food-photographic record in Japan.

Background: Previous studies have reported that estimates of portion size, energy, and macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fat based on the food-photographic record closely correlate with directly weighed values. However, the correlation based on a large sample of the test meal with the evidence of many nutrients is yet to be determined. We conducted this study to assess the correlation and difference between the food-photographic record and weighed results for 44 nutrients based on a larger number of test meals than those in previous studies.

Urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Obesity modifies the association between sodium and potassium intake and blood pressure. However, the impact of obesity on the relationship between the sodium-potassium balance and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between the 24-h urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level, which is a cardiovascular risk factor, in Japanese T2D patients with or without obesity.

Melatonin Secretion and Muscle Strength in Elderly Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort.

Background: Decreased muscle strength is associated with functional limitation and disability and is a predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Recently, oxidative stress and inflammation have been shown to contribute to the loss of muscle strength, and although melatonin has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, the association between melatonin secretion and muscle strength remains unclear.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 760 community-based elderly individuals (mean age, 71.

Association of Serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine With Muscle Strength and Gait Speed: A Cross-Sectional Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort.

Muscle strength and gait speed are related with functional limitations and disabilities and also predict cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in regulating physiological process in skeletal muscles; however, the association between serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level, an endogenous competitive inhibitor of NO synthesis, and physical performance has not yet been studied. We investigated the associations of serum ADMA level with muscle strength and usual gait speed in a cross-sectional study of 550 elderly individuals (mean age, 71.

Distribution and major sources of flavonoid intakes in the middle-aged Japanese women.

We estimated the intake of individual flavonoids in a cross sectional study and clarified the major sources contributing to the flavonoid levels in the middle-aged Japanese women by a 24-h weighed dietary record study. The subjects included in the study were 516 free-living women. Each subject completed a 24-h weighed dietary record and received a health check-up.