Non-papillary serous cystadenoma of the epididymis associated with infected hydrocele of the testis: A case report.

A 50-year-old Japanese man with enlargement of the right scrotum was presented to our hospital. Preoperative examination confirmed a multilocular cyst with septa attached to the testis. Radical orchiectomy was performed.

Real-world use of temsirolimus in Japanese patients with unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma: recent consideration based on the results of a post-marketing, all-case surveillance study.

Objective: A prospective, observational, post-marketing surveillance was conducted to assess the safety and effectiveness of temsirolimus in patients with renal cell carcinoma in Japan.

Methods: Patients prescribed temsirolimus for advanced renal cell carcinoma were registered and received temsirolimus (25 mg weekly, intravenous infusion for 30-60 minutes) in routine clinical settings (observation period: 96 weeks).

Results: Among 1001 patients included in the safety analysis data set (median age, 65.

Feasibility of classical secondary hormonal therapies prior to docetaxel therapy in Japanese patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: Multicenter retrospective study.

Background: We retrospectively analyzed castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients treated with secondary hormonal therapies (SHTs) prior to docetaxel therapy.

Methods: The cases of 73 CRPC patients who underwent docetaxel therapy in 2005-2011 at four hospitals in Ibaraki, Japan were analyzed. We determined the cause-specific survival (CSS) from the start of docetaxel therapy and the time point of CRPC diagnosis, and we compared the CSS achieved with/without prior classical SHTs, which were defined as low-dose steroid and estramustine phosphate.

[Prostate cancer prevention].

Environmental factors, mainly diet, play an important role in the development of prostate cancer. A previous study identified fat and calcium as risk factors, and lycopene, selenium, soy isoflavone, and vitamin E as preventive factors for the development of prostate cancer. However, many previous studies were observational or in vitro/in vivo based, and enough evidence in a large-scale randomized study has not been provided.

Prostate cancer chemoprevention study: an investigative randomized control study using purified isoflavones in men with rising prostate-specific antigen.

Our previous case-control study suggested that equol, a metabolite of isoflavone, has a preventive effect on prostate cancer. To examine the prostate cancer risk based on isoflavone intake and equol production, we carried out a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral isoflavone (60 mg/day) for 12 months. The inclusion criteria were Japanese men between 50 and 75 years of age, a serum prostate-specific antigen level of 2.

Weight gain and family history of prostate or breast cancers as risk factors for prostate cancer: results of a case-control study in Japan.

The increase in the incidence rate of prostate cancer may be associated with changes in lifestyle in Japanese men. Accordingly, we conducted a case-control study to assess risk factors. A total of 117 (82.

Efficacy and safety of dutasteride on prostate cancer risk reduction in Asian men: the results from the REDUCE study.

Objective: A post hoc analysis of Asian men in the REDUCE study was conducted to investigate whether the outcomes were in line with those of the overall population.

Methods: REDUCE was a 4-year international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Inclusion criteria were men between 50 and 75 years of age, a serum prostate-specific antigen level of 2.

Bladder Cancer Working Group report.

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BLADDER CANCER: Bladder cancer is the 7th most common cancer in men and the 17th most common in women in the world. The incidence of bladder cancer varies considerably among countries, with the highest incidence rates seen in Western countries and the lowest rates in Asian countries. In recent years, the mortality rate due to bladder cancer has been stable or decreased gradually.

A case of metastatic testicular cancer complicated by pulmonary hemorrhage due to choriocarcinoma syndrome.

A 40-year-old man was referred to our hospital for treatment of metastatic testicular cancer. Computerized tomography revealed multiple lung, liver, and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple brain metastases.

Pattern of intravesical recurrence after surgical treatment for urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract: a single institutional retrospective long-term follow-up study.

Objectives: To estimate the risk of intravesical recurrence in patients with primary urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract.

Methods: Ninety patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy for clinically localized urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract were initially considered. Those with a previous and/or concomitant history of bladder cancer, and those who had previously received systemic chemotherapy were excluded.

Isolation and characterization of the equol-producing bacterium Slackia sp. strain NATTS.

Several kinds of carbohydrates such as sorbose, adonitol, and melezitose were found to enhance equol production from daidzein in an in vitro human fecal culture. Sorbose, one of the most effective carbohydrates, was used as a carbohydrate source for isolating the NATTS strain, which was a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming rod bacterium with high ability to convert daidzein to equol isolated from the 7th maintenance culture. The strain was found to belong to the genus Slackia family Coriobacteriaceae by 16S rRNA sequence-based analysis, and the prevalence of the Slackia sp.

Polymorphisms in estrogen related genes may modify the protective effect of isoflavones against prostate cancer risk in Japanese men.

Soy isoflavones and estrogen related genes may play a major role in the etiology of prostate cancer. This study examined whether the genetic polymorphisms of estrogen receptors (ESR-alpha and ESR-beta) and cytochrome P450 19A1 (CYP19A1) modified the protective effect of isoflavones against prostate cancer. One hundred and eighty cases and 177 controls were selected from three geographic areas of Japan.

[Sorafenib(Nexavar)].

Sorafenib(Nexavar)is a multikinase inhibitor, with disruptive activity at intracellular C-RAF, B-RAF and mutant BRAF receptors, and extracellular C-KIT, FLT-3, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3 and PDGFRb receptors. In the phase III study, as compared with placebo, treatment with sorafenib significantly prolonged progression free survival(PFS)in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma in whom previous therapy has failed. Diarrhea, rash, fatigue, hand-foot skin reactions, and hypertension were the most common adverse events associated with sorafenib.

Extremely acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia after interferon-alpha treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

We report the case of a 62-year-old Japanese man who presented with right renal cell carcinoma and multiple metastases. The patient had a past medical history of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia 6 years previously. He had received pulse corticosteroid therapy and oral prednisolone, which resulted in marked clinical improvement.

Real-time elastography for the diagnosis of prostate cancer: evaluation of elastographic moving images.

Objective: Elastography is a technique for detecting the stiffness of tissues. We applied elastography for the diagnosis of prostate cancer and evaluated the usefulness of elastography for prostate biopsy.

Methods: The subjects of this study were 311 patients who underwent elastography during prostate needle biopsy at Hitachi General Hospital.

[Urological cancer].

Chemotherapy has a major role in the multidisciplinary treatment of urological cancer. Especially cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy plays a central role in the treatment of bladder cancer and testicular cancer. Intravesical chemotherapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer has a clear impact on tumor recurrence when immediately instilled after TURBT and when used in an adjuvant setting.

Urinary cytology and nuclear matrix protein 22 in the detection of bladder cancer recurrence other than transitional cell carcinoma.

Objective: To assess the value of nuclear matrix protein-22 (NMP22), compared with urinary cytology, in predicting the recurrence of bladder cancer that is not transitional cell carcinoma (non-TCC).

Patients And Methods: We tested the sensitivity, specificity and the predictive accuracy of NMP22 in the context of non-TCC bladder cancer recurrence, and compared it to the performance of urinary cytology. The study group comprised 2687 patients with history of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer from 10 centres across four continents.

Negative impact of metabolic syndrome on the responsiveness to sildenafil in Japanese men.

Introduction: Several recent studies suggested that the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) was higher in men with metabolic syndrome (MS).

Aim: We analyzed the impact of MS on the responsiveness to sildenafil.

Methods: A total of 133 ED patients were evaluated for the prevalence of MS and graded on severity of ED.

[Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer].

Radical cystectomy is the standard treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Bladder cancer is a chemoresponsive disease and should be dealt with in a multimodality approach. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is intended for patients with operable clinical stage T2 to T4a muscle-invasive disease to improve survival.

Background Variables for the Patients with Invasive Bladder Cancer Suitable for Bladder-preserving Therapy.

Objective: The present study was undertaken to identify the patients suitable for bladder preservation by analysis of our data.

Methods: The subjects of this study were all 72 patients with T2-3N0M0 bladder cancer who underwent bladder-preserving therapy in our institute. The therapy involved intra-arterial chemotherapy with MTX and CDDP and concomitant radiotherapy.

The impact of real-time tissue elasticity imaging (elastography) on the detection of prostate cancer: clinicopathological analysis.

Background: We evaluated the accuracy and feasibility of real-time elastography for detecting prostate cancer, using prostatectomy specimens.

Methods: This study was based on clinicopathological findings in 51 patients with prostate cancer who were referred for elastography at the time of prostate biopsy. We compared transverse pathology sections with elastographic moving images (EMIs) to determine the detection rate of cancer, the relationship between tumor location and the elastographic findings, and the relationship between the Gleason score and the elastographic findings.

Three-weekly docetaxel with prednisone is feasible for Japanese patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer: a retrospective comparative study with weekly docetaxel alone.

Background: We previously reported that weekly treatment with docetaxel alone is useful for and well tolerated by patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Here, we compare it with the regimen of docetaxel once every 3 weeks (q3w) plus daily prednisone (PSL) based on a TAX 327 trial in order to clarify the efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel regimens in Japan.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with HRPC were treated with docetaxel weekly (regimen 1) or docetaxel q3w plus PSL daily (regimen 2) at Tsukuba University Hospital and the changes in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), tumor size and survival were evaluated.

Dietary isoflavones may protect against prostate cancer in Japanese men.

We examined associations between nutritional and other lifestyle factors and the prevalence of prostate cancer in a case-control study of Japanese men. Two hundred patients and 200 age-matched controls (+/-5 y) were selected from 3 geographic areas of Japan. BMI, physical activity, occupation, family history of prostate cancer, and medical history were not associated with prostate cancer risk.