Household Compositions and Substance Use among Young Adults in the U.S.

Background: Adults aged 21-29 have the highest past-month prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use in the U.S. Currently, young adults often delay traditional adulthood milestones (e.

Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: Population Estimates - United States, 2022.

In 2022, 81,806 opioid-involved overdose deaths were reported in the United States, more than in any previous year. Medications for opioid use disorder (OUD), particularly buprenorphine and methadone, substantially reduce overdose-related and overall mortality. However, only a small proportion of persons with OUD receive these medications.

Adult obesity treatment and prevention: A trans-agency commentary on the research landscape, gaps, and future opportunities.

Given the high and growing prevalence of obesity among adults in the United States, obesity treatment and prevention are important topics in biomedical and public health research. Although researchers recognize the significance of this problem, much remains unknown about safe and effective prevention and treatment of obesity in adults. In response to the worsening obesity epidemic and the many unknowns regarding the disease, a group of key scientific and program staff members of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and other federal and non-government agencies gathered virtually in September 2021 to discuss the current state of obesity research, research gaps, and opportunities for future research in adult obesity prevention and treatment.

Measuring and improving the quality of mental health care: a global perspective.

Mental disorders are common worldwide, yet the quality of care for these disorders has not increased to the same extent as that for physical conditions. In this paper, we present a framework for promoting quality measurement as a tool for improving quality of mental health care. We identify key barriers to this effort, including lack of standardized information technology-based data sources, limited scientific evidence for mental health quality measures, lack of provider training and support, and cultural barriers to integrating mental health care within general health environments.

Substance use, risk of dependence, counseling and treatment among adult health center patients.

Health centers provide primary care to 20 million underserved patients. We examined the prevalence of substance use and risk of dependence among health center patients, and identified factors associated with desire for counseling/treatment and discussions about substance use with a doctor. National data on 3,949 adults came from the 2009 Health Center Patient Survey.

Cigarette Smoking, Desire to Quit, and Tobacco-Related Counseling Among Patients at Adult Health Centers.

Objectives. We determined cigarette smoking prevalence, desire to quit, and tobacco-related counseling among a national sample of patients at health centers. Methods.

Overweight/obesity and weight-related treatment among patients in U.S. federally supported health centers.

Background: We obtained the prevalence of overweight/obesity, weight-loss attempts, and weight-related counseling and treatment among U.S. adults who sought care in federally funded community health centers.

Primary care and public health activities in select U.S. health centers: documenting successes, barriers, and lessons learned.

Purpose: The goal of the current study was to examine primary care and public health activities among federally funded health centers, to better understand their successes, barriers encountered, and lessons learned.

Methods: Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to collect data from nine health centers, stratified by administrative division, urban-rural location, and race/ethnicity of patients served. Descriptive data on patient and institutional characteristics came from the Uniform Data System, which collects data from all health centers annually.

Primary care and public health activities in select US health centers: documenting successes, barriers, and lessons learned.

Objectives: We examined primary care and public health activities among federally funded health centers, to better understand their successes, the barriers encountered, and the lessons learned.

Methods: We used qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data from 9 health centers, stratified by administrative division, urban-rural location, and race/ethnicity of patients served. Descriptive data on patient and institutional characteristics came from the Uniform Data System, which collects data from all health centers annually.

Diffusion of effective HIV prevention interventions--lessons from Maryland and Massachusetts.

This article describes, compares, and contrasts the contexts, processes, and results of the experiences of Maryland and Massachusetts in diffusing evidence-based interventions. The evolution of first Maryland's, then Massachusetts's, diffusion of effective interventions is described. Both states have extensive experience planning, developing and evaluating individual-, group-, and community-level interventions promoted in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Diffusion of Effective Behavioral Interventions (DEBI) initiative, as well as overcoming many barriers to translate research to practice.

HIV prevention with jail and prison inmates: Maryland's Prevention Case Management program.

Prevalence of HIV infection and AIDS cases is higher among inmates of correctional facilities than among the general population, especially for female inmates. This creates a strong need for effective HIV prevention with this population. Maryland's Prevention Case Management (PCM) program provides individual or group counseling to inmates nearing release to promote changes in risk behavior.