Vinculin and Rab5 complex is required [correction of requited]for uptake of Staphylococcus aureus and interleukin-6 expression.

Vinculin, a 116-kDa membrane cytoskeletal protein, is an important molecule for cell adhesion; however, little is known about its other cellular functions. Here, we demonstrated that vinculin binds to Rab5 and is required for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) uptake in cells.

POT1b regulates phagocytosis and NO production by modulating activity of the small GTPase Rab5.

The protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) protein is a 75-kDa protein that plays an important role in telomere protection, which is related to telomere elongation. Although POT1 is present in and acts in the nuclei, little is known about the functions of POT1 in the cytosol. We here examined the role of POT1b in phagocytosis in a macrophage-like RAW 264 cell line.

Acacetin inhibits expression of E-selectin on endothelial cells through regulation of the MAP kinase signaling pathway and activation of NF-κB.

Since E-selectin-mediated adhesion of leukocytes or tumor cells to the vascular endothelium is a key early event in the initiation of inflammatory response and cancer metastasis, E-selectin inhibition is thought to be a good target for therapeutic intervention. Several flavones have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. In the present study, we investigated the effects of plant flavones on expression of E-selectin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

E-selectin mediates Porphyromonas gingivalis adherence to human endothelial cells.

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontal pathogen, may contribute to atherogenesis and other inflammatory cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about interactions between P. gingivalis and endothelial cells.

Valproic acid increases susceptibility to endotoxin shock through enhanced release of high-mobility group box 1.

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear factor and a secreted protein. During inflammation, HMGB1 is secreted into the extracellular space where it can interact with the receptor for advanced glycation end products and trigger proinflammatory signals. Extracellular HMGB1 plays a critical role in several inflammatory diseases such as sepsis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Morroniside cinnamic acid conjugate as an anti-inflammatory agent.

A morroniside cinnamic acid conjugate was prepared and evaluated on E-selectin mediated cell-cell adhesion as an important role in inflammatory processes. 7-O-Cinnamoylmorroniside exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory activity (IC(50)=49.3 microM) by inhibiting the expression of E-selectin; further, it was more active than another cinnamic-acid-conjugated iridoid glycoside (harpagoside; IC(50)=88.