[Effects of Olaparib, a PARP-1 Inhibitor, on Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells with a BRCA1 Mutation].

In 2018, olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, was approved for the treatment of BRCA1/2 gene-mutation positive and HER2-negative inoperable and recurrent breast cancer; BRCA1/2 gene testing was also listed as a companion diagnostics. Here, we identified microRNAs(miRNAs) expressed after treatment with olaparib, which differed in the presence or absence of BRCA1 mutations in triple negative breast cancer(TNBC), and examined the changes in miRNAs after exposure to the combination of the PARP-1 inhibitor and a chemotherapeutic agent. After exposure to the PARP-1 inhibitor, the expression of miR-141, miR-155, miR-205, and miR-223 decreased in MDA-MB-231, HCC1143, and BT549 cells and increased more than 10 times in MDA-MB-436 cells.

Skin grafting utilizing a skin of lateral thoracic area for chest wall reconstruction in patient who underwent mastectomy for locally advanced breast cancer.

Locally advanced breast cancer sometimes results in a large chest wall defect at mastectomy. When closing the wound horizontally, the skin tension is usually severe in the middle of the wound, while the skin of the lateral area tends to make a dog-ear deformity. Triangle technique is a procedure to prevent the dog ear in which the skin and subcutaneous fat of the axilla are cut into an equilateral triangle.

Protein expression profile and microRNA expression signature in estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancers: report of two cases.

Background: Identification of the proteins that are associated with estrogen receptor (ER) status is a first step in selecting drugs against hormone-dependent breast cancer. Recently, the proteins associated with ER status were reported using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry, and microRNA (miRNA) profiling of breast cancer subtype was demonstrated using real-time-PCR.

Methods: We present herein two cases with differential protein expression and miRNA profiling in ER-positive and -negative breast cancer.

Evaluation of the dislocation and long-term sonographic detectability of a hydrogel-based breast biopsy site marker.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of the HydroMARK, a hydrogel-based breast biopsy site marker for ultrasound localization of breast lesions, we investigated the tendency for dislocation and sonographic detectability of the marker placed in patients.

Materials And Methods: The marker was placed in lesions that were expected to become obscured after biopsy for a suspicious breast lesion or after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. The patients consented to return for a repeat ultrasound ± mammography examination, and the degree of displacement of the marker was measured as the marker-to-residual lesion distance.

Evaluation of the sonographic visibility and sonographic appearance of the breast biopsy marker (UltraClip) placed in phantoms and patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of the UltraClip dual trigger breast tissue marker (UltraClip) for sonographic localization, we investigate the sonographic visibility and sonographic appearance of the UltraClip placed in phantoms and patients.

Materials And Methods: Ten UltraClips were placed in the target lesions in the phantoms. After the ultrasound examination of the UltraClip, the ultrasound images were compared to the real appearance of the UltraClip obtained by cutting the phantoms.

Local recurrence following treatment for breast cancer with an endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy.

Purpose: Endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM) has been reportedly associated with smaller scars and greater patient satisfaction; however, long-term results of this procedure have not been made. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the local recurrence (LR) rate and factors associated with it after E-NSM and to examine the oncologic safety of this procedure.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of a total of 421 breasts in 404 patients who underwent E-NSM to investigate the LR rate and the factors associated with it.

Drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome by triple therapy of peginterferon alpha2b, ribavirin and telaprevir in patient with double positive for HBV and HCV.

Sixty year-old male positive for both HCV-RNA and HBsAg was treated by triple therapy of peginterferon alpha2b, ribavirin and telaprevir. Eight weeks after the beginning of the therapy, the patient developed drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) with general erythema multiforme and 64 times anti-HHV6 antibody elevation. Sixty milligram of prednisolone was administered with gradual dose reduction and the skin lesion was improved.

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma responds to MK615, a compound extract from the Japanese apricot "Prunus mume".

MK615, a compound extracted from the Japanese apricot "Prunus mume" has been reported to have in vitro anti-tumor activities against several cancer cell lines, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the clinical effects and feasibility of administering MK615 for patients with HCC were unknown. We experienced a case with advanced HCC for which MK615 was effective against both lymph node and pulmonary metastases.

[A case of so-called carcinosarcoma of the middle portion of the bile duct diagnosed preoperatively].

A 73-year-old man was admitted to a hospital with a complaint of epigastralgia and for evaluation of liver dysfunction. After hospitalization, he experienced disturbance of consciousness with septic shock, and was then transferred to our hospital. Computed tomography revealed dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct and tumor of the middle bile duct.

[A case of hepatitis E differentially diagnosed from drug-induced liver injury].

A woman in her seventies was admitted because of general fatigue and liver dysfunction (ALT 2565 IU/l). She was diabetic and, 2 months ago, began eating kikuimo (Jerusalem artichoke) containing inulin, which is thought to decrease blood sugar level. Although tests showed no evidence of acute infection of HAV, HBV, HCV, EBV and CMV, a drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test using kikuimo extract was positive.

Is MRI useful for the prediction of nipple involvement?

Background: The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the usefulness of MRI for predicting nipple involvement.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 81 breasts in 78 breast cancer patients who had undergone nipple or nipple-areolar complex resections during surgery. The enhancement patterns of the nipple on MRI were compared to the contralateral side and were categorized as no enhancement, bilateral enhancement, and unilateral enhancement.

Early results of an endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy for breast cancer.

BACKGROUND.: Endoscopic mastectomy has been reportedly associated with smaller scars and greater patient satisfaction; however, few reports on this topic have been made. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the early results of endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (ENSM) and to investigate the safety of this procedure.

Magnetic resonance-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: results in 100 Japanese women.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to clarify the frequency of malignancy and the histopathological characteristics of the lesions in patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of 100 consecutive patients with 102 lesions who had undergone MRI-guided VAB was performed. The biopsies were performed on a 1.

Early results of an endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy for breast cancer.

Background: Endoscopic mastectomy has been reportedly associated with smaller scars and greater patient satisfaction; however, few reports on this topic have been made. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the early results of endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM) and to investigate the safety of this procedure.

Methods: Between January 2002 and December 2005, a total of 87 patients with breast cancer but without skin and nipple involvement, including two cases of bilateral breast cancer, underwent E-NSM.

False-negative ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy of the breast: difference with US-detected and MRI-detected lesions.

Background: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively examine the frequency and causes of a false-negative result of ultrasound (US)-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 835 patients with 986 consecutive lesions who had undergone US-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (US-VAB) using 11-gauge probes. We divided the lesions into two groups (US-detected and MRI-detected lesions).

Preoperative MRI marking technique for the planning of breast-conserving surgery.

Background: When performing breast-conserving surgery (BCS), it is essential to achieve a complete resection of the tumor while preserving the cosmetic outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a MRI marking technique for planning of BCS.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 14 consecutive patients who underwent MRI in the supine position (supine MRI) using a MRI marking technique.

MR-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: is it an essential technique?

Background: In the United States and Europe, MR-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) is required for MR-only visible suspicious lesions that cannot be identified with mammography or ultrasonography. However, it is controversial as to whether MR-guided VAB is essential or not in Japan. The purpose of this study was to clarify the frequency of malignancy among the patients that underwent MR-guided VAB, and to discuss the need for this technique in Japan.

Monitoring of early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer with (1)H MR spectroscopy: comparison to sequential 2-[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of (1)H MR spectroscopy (MRS) to evaluate early responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, as compared to that of the standardized uptake value (SUV) in (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included seven patients with breast cancer who had both single-voxel (1)H MRS and PET/computed tomography (CT) acquired before, during, and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Results: The averages of the Choline (Cho) integral value and peak SUV before chemotherapy were 2.

Bilateral breast MR imaging: is it superior to conventional methods for the detection of contralateral breast cancer?

Background: Breast MR imaging has emerged as a highly sensitive modality for the imaging of breast tumors. However, there have been no reports concerning the usefulness of bilateral breast MRI to evaluate the contralateral breast in Japan. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of primary bilateral breast cancer, and to investigate the role of bilateral breast MRI in the detection of contralateral breast cancer.

New preoperative MRI marking technique for a patient with ductal carcinoma in situ.

We herein present a case of non-palpable ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated with successful breast-conserving surgery (BCS) using MR markers made with commercially available materials in the supine position. The patient was a 40-year-old woman found to have a non-mass lesion by routine screening ultrasonography (US). The margin of the lesion was unclear by the US examination, whereas contrast-enhanced MR mammography (MRM) revealed a clear margin of the lesion.

Categorization of non-mass-like breast lesions detected by MRI.

Background: Breast MR imaging has emerged as a highly sensitive modality for the imaging of breast tumors. However, a standardized method of interpretation of lesions showing non-mass-like enhancement does not exist. The purpose of this study was to analyze the features of non-mass-like breast lesions detected by MRI, and to establish a standardized method of interpretation to allow categorization of these lesions.