The SARC-F score may indirectly reflect the extracellular water-to-total body water ratio.

Background & Aims: In the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 guidelines, SARC-F is used to screen for sarcopenia. SARC-F is measured based on five components: strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falling. However, it has been reported that SARC-F has high specificity but low sensitivity for sarcopenia screening.

Influence of aging on extracellular water-to-total body water ratio in community-dwelling females.

Background & Aims: The European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People 2 has emphasized the significance of evaluating not only muscle mass but also muscle quality as a diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia. The extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW), measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), has recently received attention as an indicator of muscle quality. However, the influence of aging on the ECW/TBW remains unclear.

Extracellular water-to-total body water ratio is an essential confounding factor in bioelectrical impedance analysis for sarcopenia diagnosis in women.

Purpose: The extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) is used in bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for measuring muscle mass; however, ECW/TBW may be affected by several factors common in older individuals. Here, we assessed the relationships of ECW/TBW with handgrip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in older women.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 73 community-dwelling women aged ≥ 65 years who could independently perform activities of daily living were included.

Increased total body extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio in community-dwelling elderly women is associated with decreased handgrip strength and gait speed.

Objective: As the extracellular-to-intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio of the thigh is negatively associated with knee extension strength or gait speed in the elderly, an increase in the total body ECW/ICW ratio in the elderly is considered to be related to a decrease in physical function. However, these relationships have not been properly investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of handgrip strength and gait speed with the total body ECW/ICW ratio in community-dwelling elderly women.

Changes in Quadriceps Thickness and Echo Intensity in Chronic Stroke Survivors: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study.

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to examine longitudinal changes in quadriceps muscle mass and intramuscular adipose tissue in chronic stroke survivors.

Materials And Methods: In this longitudinal study included 34 chronic stroke survivors who lived in the community. Ultimately, 20 chronic stroke survivors received an after 3-year assessment.

Higher malnutrition risk is related to increased intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps in older inpatients: A cross-sectional study.

Background & Aims: The relationship between malnutrition risk and intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps in older inpatients remains unclear, although a high rate of malnutrition risk has been observed in these patients. Understanding this relationship would be necessary for a management plans for older inpatients. This study aimed to examine the relationship between malnutrition risk and intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps in older inpatients.

Dysphagia is more strongly associated with increased intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps than with loss of muscle mass in older inpatients.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps and dysphagia in older inpatients. We hypothesized that increased intramuscular adipose tissue of the thigh may indirectly reflect severe dysphagia in older inpatients. This study was cross-sectional, and 103 older inpatients participated.

Low body mass index negatively affects muscle mass and intramuscular fat of chronic stroke survivors.

Objective: Relationship between secondary changes in skeletal muscle and body weight in chronic stroke survivors has not yet been carefully examined. The objective of this study was to clarify the relationships between muscle mass, intramuscular fat, and body weight in chronic stroke survivors.

Methods: Seventy-two chronic stroke survivors participated in this study.

Muscle mass and intramuscular fat of the quadriceps are related to muscle strength in non-ambulatory chronic stroke survivors: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Improving muscle mass and intramuscular fat in the mid-thigh increases the muscle strength of the paretic and non-paretic limbs in ambulatory chronic stroke survivors. There is a remarkable decrease in muscle mass and muscle strength and an increase in intramuscular fat in the quadriceps of both limbs of non-ambulatory compared with ambulatory survivors. Therefore, given that paretic lower extremity function does not recover sufficiently in the chronic phase, it may be helpful to improve muscle mass and intramuscular fat to increase muscle strength in the quadriceps of non-ambulatory chronic stroke survivors.

Relationships between muscle mass, intramuscular adipose and fibrous tissues of the quadriceps, and gait independence in chronic stroke survivors: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To examine the relationships between muscle mass, intramuscular adipose and fibrous tissues of the quadriceps, and gait independence in chronic stroke survivors.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Hospital-based research.

Determining the cut-off value for knee extensor strength for identifying independence in gait in chronic stroke survivors.

Objective: To determine the cut-off values for knee extensor strength on the paretic and non-paretic sides and both sides combined for identifying independence in gait in chronic stroke survivors.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Patients: Sixty chronic stroke survivors.

Relationships between intramuscular fat, muscle strength and gait independence in older women: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: The objectives of the present study were to examine the relationships between intramuscular fat, muscle strength and gait independence, as well as to clarify the intramuscular fat characteristics of dependent older women.

Methods: A total of 25 older women who were unable to walk with or without assistance (dependent group), 22 frail older women (frail group) and 22 healthy older women (healthy group) participated in the present study. The frail participants could walk independently, but showed three or more of the following characteristics: slowness, weakness, weight loss, exhaustion and low physical activity.

Effects of long-term self-massage at the musculotendinous junction on hamstring extensibility, stiffness, stretch tolerance, and structural indices: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of long-term self-massage at the musculotendinous junction on hamstring extensibility, stiffness, stretch tolerance, and structural indices.

Design: Single-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Setting: Laboratory.