Publications by authors named "Naoko Moriya"
Article Synopsis
- The gut microbiota influences depression by affecting the brain-gut axis, with specific changes observed in a mouse model of depression known as the subchronic and mild social defeat stress (sCSDS) model.
- In this study, researchers used liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) to analyze fecal bile acid profiles in sCSDS mice, finding increased levels of deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA), linked to altered gut microbiota.
- The results demonstrated that higher levels of certain bile acids correlated negatively with social interaction scores, indicating that gut changes due to sCSDS affect behavior associated with stress vulnerability.
Article Synopsis
- * Sake lees, a by-product from sake brewing, contains beneficial metabolites that positively influence the fermentation process by enhancing lactic acid bacteria activity and changing the cheese's color.
- * The study found that sake lees help produce umami-rich peptides in cheese, suggesting that combining A. oryzae with sake lees could lead to innovative cheese varieties and improve production processes.
We report the complete genome sequence of Lactococcus cremoris strain 7-1, which was isolated from urum, a traditional Mongolian milk product. Strain 7-1 adhered to porcine gastric mucin in a carbon source-dependent manner. The genome consists of a circular chromosome (2,557,589 bp; GC content, 35.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplete Genome Sequence of Carotenoid-Producing Enterococcus gilvus CR1, Isolated from Raw Cow's Milk.
Microbiol Resour Announc
September 2018
Article Synopsis
- Enterococcus gilvus CR1, a bacteria isolated from raw cow's milk, is capable of producing carotenoids.
- The complete genome sequencing of this strain was conducted using the PacBio RS II technology, resulting in a circular chromosome.
- The genome assembly consists of 2,863,043 base pairs, has a G+C content of 41.86%, and includes three plasmids containing carotenoid biosynthesis genes.
EG9 is a strain isolated from well-ripened cheese and accelerates free amino acid production during cheese ripening. Its complete genome sequence was determined using the PacBio RS II platform, revealing a single circular chromosome of 2,927,257 bp, a G+C content of 46.59%, and three plasmids.
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- - LQ80 is a bacterial strain found in liquid feed intended for pigs.
- - The complete genome sequence was obtained using the PacBio RS II sequencing technology.
- - The genome consists of a single circular chromosome that is 3,230,192 base pairs long, with a G+C content of 44.66%, and includes seven plasmids.
Article Synopsis
- Subsp. G50 is a specific strain that has the ability to stimulate the immune system and was isolated from Napier grass.
- Researchers sequenced the entire genome of this strain using the advanced PacBio RS II sequencing platform.
- The genome is made up of a single circular chromosome that is 2,346,663 base pairs long, has a G+C content of 35.03%, and does not contain any plasmids.
Article Synopsis
- The complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus curvatus was obtained using the PacBio RS II technology.
- The genome consists of a single circular chromosome that is 1,848,756 base pairs long and has a G+C content of 42.1%.
- It contains low G+C regions and features 43 identical sequence pairs that are longer than 1,000 base pairs, with no plasmids found in the genome.
Article Synopsis
- * Mice exposed to this stress showed significant changes, including increased cholic acid, decreased 5-aminovaleric acid, and changes in the expression of immune response genes in the gut.
- * The research also found that stress alters the microbiota balance in the intestine, affecting metabolite levels in the gut and their corresponding concentrations in the bloodstream and liver, indicating a connection between stress, gut health, and mental health.
Article Synopsis
- Lactic acid bacteria play a crucial role in human health by helping colonize the gut and fight pathogens, especially when they adhere to mucosal surfaces.
- A study found that Lactococcus lactis 7-1 adheres better to gastric mucin when grown on fructose, particularly in the presence of sodium acetate, which enhances adhesion under certain conditions.
- The growth with sodium acetate resulted in lower cell yields but higher hydrophobicity, which is linked to improved adhesion, suggesting that these ingredients could be used to boost the efficacy of beneficial bacteria in food applications.
Article Synopsis
- Live Lactobacillus brevis KB290 shows various probiotic benefits, like boosting immunity and balancing gut bacteria, and researchers studied how it survives in the presence of bile.
- The strain was found to grow better in higher bile concentrations, showing more cell yield and improved characteristics such as hydrophobicity, which may help with gut attachment.
- Bile also led to increased lactate production, maintained cell shape, and reduced cell damage over time, highlighting bile's role in enhancing the strain's survival in the intestine.
Attachment of lactic acid bacteria to the mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract is a major property of probiotics. Here, we examined the ability of 21 lactic acid bacterial strains isolated from traditional fermented milk products in Mongolia to adhere to porcine gastric mucin in vitro. Higher attachment was observed with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.
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- Development of a mouse model demonstrates social deficits and hyperphagia-like behavior due to a mild social defeat stress (sCSDS) experience.
- Results show that defeated mice had significantly higher body weight and food intake during and after the sCSDS period, while water intake was only elevated during the sCSDS.
- Behavioral tests revealed social aversion and signs of anxiety in defeated mice, suggesting altered responses to stress that may relate to mechanisms of overhydration, overeating, and weight gain in depression.
To investigate the effects of amino acids on ghrelin-induced growth hormone (GH), insulin and glucagon secretion in lactating dairy cattle, six Holstein cows were randomly assigned to two infusion treatments in a cross-over design. Mixture solution of amino acids (AMI) or saline (CON) was continuously infused into the left side jugular vein via catheter for 4 h. At 2 h after the start of infusion, synthetic bovine ghrelin was single injected into the right side jugular vein through the catheter.
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- The study examined the distribution of lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP) in the digestive tract of Holstein-Friesian calves using immunolocalization techniques and gene expression analysis.
- LAP was found primarily in the outer layer of tissues like the tongue, esophagus, and various stomach regions, indicating its potential role in immune defense.
- The research suggests that LAP may have specific functions in the immune system of calves, especially in the regions where it is more concentrated.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how oral lactoferrin (LF) affects lipid metabolism in calves given lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which can disrupt lipid levels.
- Fifty Holstein calves were divided into three groups, each receiving different doses of LF (0, 1, or 3 g/day) for 10 days, before all were injected with LPS.
- The results indicated that LF treatment led to lower levels of plasma triglycerides and certain types of lipoproteins in treated calves compared to controls, suggesting LF's potential in preventing lipid metabolism changes induced by LPS.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on analyzing the community structures of anaerobic microflora that produce hydrogen in extreme thermophilic conditions using techniques like DGGE and clone library analyses.
- Researchers enriched extreme thermophilic microflora from cow manure at 75°C with different substrates (xylose, glucose, lactose, etc.) and found varying hydrogen yields for each.
- The analysis revealed that most microflora were closely related to the hydrogen-producing bacterium Caldoanaerobacter subterraneus, with xylose-enriched samples showing greater diversity—including a connection to another thermophile, Caloramator fervidus.
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important chemical messenger controlling many physiological functions, involving cell proliferation, and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of NO on adipocyte differentiation using a murine preadipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1. The treatment with a NO donor, 1-hydroxy-2-oxo-3,3-bis(2-aminoethyl)-1-triazene (NOC18), reduced some markers of adipocyte differentiation such as glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, and intracellular lipid accumulation.
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- Researchers investigated hydrogen production from dairy cow waste slurry using its natural microflora at temperatures between 37 to 85 degrees C.
- They found that optimal hydrogen production occurred at 60 and 75 degrees C, yielding significant amounts of hydrogen without adding any seed bacteria.
- The study also noted that after hydrogen production, the microflora from 60 degrees C continued to consume hydrogen, while those from 75 degrees C did not show this activity for at least 24 days, and acetate was the main by-product at nearly neutral pH.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined how activin A and follistatin influence the differentiation of bovine preadipocytes isolated from Japanese Black steers' adipose tissue.
- Activin A was found to suppress key differentiation markers, impacting the expression of critical genes like PPAR gamma and C/EBP alpha, while follistatin could counteract this inhibitory effect.
- The results suggest that activin A may inhibit preadipocyte differentiation by affecting gene transcription, and that both activin A and myostatin may play a role in regulating this process in bovines.