Stereotactic radiotherapy for metastatic brain tumors: A comparative analysis of dose distributions among VMAT, Helical TomoTherapy, CyberKnife, Gamma Knife, and ZAP-X.

This study evaluates various radiotherapy techniques for treating metastatic brain tumor (BT), focusing on non-coplanar volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (NC-VMAT), coplanar VMAT (C-VMAT), Helical TomoTherapy (HT), CyberKnife (CK), Gamma Knife (GK), and ZAP-X. CT images and structures of 12 patients who underwent CK for a single BT were utilized. Twelve treatment plans were created for each planning device.

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Autoimmune Pancreatitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) following endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and a histopathological examination. After six months of untreated follow-up, the serum IgG4 level decreased, and the diffuse pancreatic enlargement improved; however, a pancreatic head mass became apparent. EUS-FNA of this mass revealed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with IgG4-positive plasma cells.

T-ALL presenting with i-TLP-like indolent clinical course with repeated spontaneous regressions.

Rapidly progressing ALL, a potentially fatal disease, demands timely diagnosis and treatment. On the other hand, spontaneous remission/regression (SR) is reported in various cancers including aggressive tumors like ALL. Infection or trauma-mediated immune system activation is assumed to cause SR, with the duration in cases of ALL typically being short.

Evaluation of a New Method for CyberKnife Treatment for Central Lung and Mediastinal Tumors by Tracheobronchial Tracking.

Background: CyberKnife treatment for central lung tumors and mediastinal tumors can be difficult to perform with marker less.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate a novel tracheobronchial-based method (ie, tracheobronchial tracking) for the purpose of minimally invasive CyberKnife treatment for central lung and mediastinal tumors.

Methods: Five verification plans were created using an in-house phantom.

Dosimetric comparison of five different radiotherapy treatment planning approaches for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer with sequential plan changes.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the dosimetric characteristics of five different treatment planning techniques for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) with sequential plan changes.

Methods: A total of 13 stage III NSCLC patients were enrolled in this study. These patients had both computed tomography (CT) images for initial and boost treatment plans.

Evaluation of computed tomography metal artifact and CyberKnife fiducial recognition for novel size fiducial markers.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare fiducial markers used in CyberKnife treatment in terms of metal artifact intensity observed in CT images and fiducial recognition in the CyberKnife system affected by patient body thickness and type of marker.

Methods: Five markers, ACCULOC 0.9 mm × 3 mm, Ball type Gold Anchor (GA) 0.

Left testicular and pulmonary metastases of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Introduction: We present a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate with testicular and lung metastases following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, androgen deprivation therapy, and radiotherapy.

Case Presentation: A 73-year-old man with a prostate-specific antigen level of 4.3 ng/mL was diagnosed with prostate cancer.

The Ki67 index evaluation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors using 3D immunohistochemistry in small tissue specimens.

Background: /Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3D) immunohistochemistry for the Ki67 index of small tissue specimens of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET).

Methods: Clinicopathological materials from 17 patients with PanNET who underwent surgical resection at Jichi Medical University Hospital were analyzed. We compared the Ki67 index of endoscopic ultrasonography-fine-needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNAB) specimens, surgical specimens, and small tissue specimens hollowed from paraffin blocks of surgical specimens that were substituted for EUS-FNAB specimens ("sub-FNAB").

Long-term experience in quality assurance of on-rail computed tomography systems for image-guided radiotherapy using in-house multifunctional phantoms.

To report the long-term quality assurance (QA) experience of an on-rail computed tomography (CT) system for image-guided radiotherapy using an in-house phantom. An on-rail CT system combining the Elekta Synergy and Canon Aquilion LB was used. The treatment couch was shared by the linear accelerators and CT, and the couch was rotated by 180° when using the on-rail-CT system to ensure that the CT direction was toward the head.

Development of a dynamic motion platform with two independent drive systems for radiotherapy.

Background: There are some motion platforms for radiotherapy quality assurance. However, no platform with two drive systems that can move along three axes is available.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a dynamic motion platform with two drive systems capable of three-axis motion and to evaluate its motion performance.

Dosimetric Effects of Differences in Multi-Leaf Collimator Speed on SBRT-VMAT for Central Lung Cancer Patients.

We aimed to investigate the effects of different multi-leaf collimator (MLC) speed constraints in volumetric modulated radiotherapy (VMAT) on the robustness of treatment plans for central lung cancer patients. Twenty patients with central lung tumor who underwent stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with the VMAT technique at our hospital were included in this retrospective study. The reference plans were created with 3 different MLC speed constraints (Plan A: 0.

Evaluation of the detection accuracy of set-up for various treatment sites using surface-guided radiotherapy system, VOXELAN: a phantom study.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the detection accuracy of a 3-dimensional (3D) body scanner, VOXELAN, in surface-guided radiotherapy (SGRT) of each part of the human body using a whole-body human phantom. We used A Resusci Anne was used as the whole-body phantom. The detection accuracy of VOXELAN in a radiotherapy treatment room with a linear accelerator (LINAC) was evaluated for two reference images: reconstruction of the planning computed tomography (CT) image (CT reference) and scanning by VOXELAN before the treatment (scan reference).

Reproducibility of deep inspiration breath-hold technique for left-side breast cancer with respiratory monitoring device, Abches.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) using a respiratory control device, Abches, in patients with left-sided breast cancer.

Material And Methods: Abches comprises a main body, an indicator panel, and two fulcrums, one each on the chest and abdomen. Forty left side breast cancer patients treated with DIBH using abches were enrolled in this study.

Bile cytology diagnosis in challenging cases: Validation of diagnostic bile cytology criteria and extensive study for immunocytochemical markers.

Background: Bile cytology is useful in diagnosing biliary tract lesions, albeit often challenging due to equivocal findings. To achieve better diagnoses for clinical decisions, we conducted cytomorphological and immunocytochemical studies of bile cytology cases.

Materials And Methods: We re-evaluated 40 bile cytology cases with initial equivocal diagnoses, taken from the cytology records of Jichi Medical University Hospital, including 1778 bile cytology specimens.

Quantification of image quality of intra-fractional cone-beam computed tomography for arc irradiation with various imaging condition.

Background: 3-dimensional intra-cone beam computed tomography (intra-CBCT ) could be a potentially powerful tool for use with arc irradiation such as volumetric modulated arc therapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the image quality of intra-cone beam computed tomography (intra-CBCT ) for arc irradiation with various imaging condition.

Materials And Methods: Two types of intra-CBCT imaging techniques were evaluated - intra-fractional CBCT with flattening filtered (FF) beam (intra-FF CBCT ) and that with flattening filter free (FFF) beam (intra-FFF CBCT ).

Dose Prescription Methods in Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Small Peripheral Lung Tumors: Approaches Based on the Gross Tumor Volume Are Superior to Prescribing a Dose That Covers 95% of the Planning Target Volume.

Background And Purpose: We aimed to validate the usefulness of prescriptions based on gross tumor volume for stereotactic body radiotherapy for small peripheral lung tumors.

Materials And Methods: Radiotherapy treatment planning data of 50 patients with small peripheral lung tumors (adenocarcinoma: 24, squamous cell carcinoma: 10, other: 1, unknown: 15) receiving breath-hold computed tomography-guided stereotactic body radiotherapy at our institution during 2013-2016 were analyzed. For each case, 3 dose prescription methods were applied: one based on 95% (PTVD) of the planning target volume, one based on 50% of the gross tumor volume (GTVD), and one based on 98% (GTVD) of the gross tumor volume.

Effect of a hydrogel spacer on the intrafractional prostate motion during CyberKnife treatment for prostate cancer.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a hydrogel spacer on intrafractional prostate motion during CyberKnife treatment. The retrospective study enrolled 24 patients (with the hydrogel spacer = 12, without the hydrogel spacer = 12) with two fiducial markers. Regarding intrafractional prostate motion, the offset values (mm) of three axes (X-axis; superior [+] to inferior [-], Y-axis; right [+] to left [-], Z-axis; posterior [+] to anterior [-]) obtained from fiducial markers position between a digitally reconstructed radiographs images and live images in the Target Locating System were used, and extracted from generated log files.

New method for measurement of chest surface motion in lung cancer patients: Quantification using a technique of deformable image registration.

The purpose of this study was to measure the motion of the chest surface during breath-holding treatment for lung cancer using deformable image registration (DIR). Forty non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with breath-holding stereotactic body radiation therapy were retrospectively examined. First, intensity-based DIR between 2 breath-holding computed tomography (CT) images was performed.

Tumor volume shrinkage during stereotactic body radiotherapy is related to better prognoses in patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between tumor volume changes during stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and prognoses in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This retrospective review included stage I NSCLC patients in whom SBRT was performed at a total dose of 48.0-50.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy in patients with lung tumors composed of mainly ground-glass opacity.

We retrospectively reviewed the effect of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with stage I lung cancer whose lung tumor showed a nodular appearance of ground glass opacity, so-called ground glass nodule (GGN). A total of 84 patients (42 men, 42 women; mean age, 75 years) with stage I lung cancer with GGN accompanying a solid component <50% in diameter of the tumor and no metastases were studied. Concerning histology, 32 tumors were adenocarcinoma, 1 was squamous cell carcinoma, 2 were unclassified carcinoma and 49 cases were histology-unproven but increased in size or had a positive finding in 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) examination.