Augmented muscle deoxygenation during repeated sprint exercise with post-exercise blood flow restriction.

Blood flow restriction (BFR) during low-intensity exercise has been known to be a potent procedure to alter metabolic and oxygen environments in working muscles. Moreover, the use of BFR during inter-set rest periods of repeated sprint exercise has been recently suggested to be a potent procedure for improving training adaptations. The present study was designed to determine the effect of repeated sprint exercise with post-exercise BFR (BFR during rest periods between sprints) on muscle oxygenation in working muscles.

Effects of combined hot and hypoxic conditions on muscle blood flow and muscle oxygenation during repeated cycling sprints.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine muscle blood flow and muscle oxygenation during repeated-sprint exercise under combined hot and hypoxic conditions.

Methods: In a single-blind, cross-over research design, 11 active males performed three sets of 5 × 6-s maximal sprints with 30-s active recovery on a cycling ergometer under control (CON; 23 °C, 50% rH, 20.9% FiO), normobaric hypoxic (HYP; 23 °C, 50% rH, 14.

Effects of Reduced Carbohydrate Intake after Sprint Exercise on Breath Acetone Level.

Assessment of breath acetone level may be an alternative procedure to evaluate change in fat metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of insufficient carbohydrate (CHO) intake after sprint exercise on breath acetone level during post-exercise. Nine subjects conducted two trials, consisting of either reduced CHO trial (LOW trial) or normal CHO trial (NOR trial).

Utilisation of polarity inversion for phosphorus recovery in electrochemical precipitation with anaerobic digestion effluent.

Phosphorus is a non-replaceable and limited resource, whose future drought is a matter of concern. Its recovery from wastewater has gained attention as a method of making the recovered phosphorus available for beneficial use. This study applied electrolysis with a platinum-coated titanium electrode to an actual anaerobic digestion effluent and investigated the phosphorus removal and precipitation characteristics with various current values.

Brain-computer interface with somatosensory feedback improves functional recovery from severe hemiplegia due to chronic stroke.

Recent studies have shown that scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interface (BCI) has a great potential for motor rehabilitation in stroke patients with severe hemiplegia. However, key elements in BCI architecture for functional recovery has yet to be clear. We in this study focused on the type of feedback to the patients, which is given contingently to their motor-related EEG in a BCI context.

Progress of the conversion reaction of Mn3O4 particles as a function of the depth of discharge.

A comprehensive investigation of the morphological and interfacial changes of Mn3O4 particles at different lithiation stages was performed in order to improve our understanding of the mechanism of the irreversible conversion reaction of Mn3O4. The micronization of Mn3O4 into a Mn-Li2O nanocomposite microstructure and the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the Mn3O4 surface were carefully observed and characterized by combining high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and in situ X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements. Accumulation of a thin SEI film of 2-5 nm thickness on the surfaces of the Mn3O4 particles due to their catalytic decomposition was observed at a depth of discharge (DOD) of 0%.

Effects of neurofeedback training with an electroencephalogram-based brain-computer interface for hand paralysis in patients with chronic stroke: a preliminary case series study.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of neurorehabilitative training using an electroencephalogram-based brain- computer interface for hand paralysis following stroke.

Design: A case series study.

Subjects: Eight outpatients with chronic stroke demonstrating moderate to severe hemiparesis.