Publications by authors named "Naoki Kodo"
Article Synopsis
- - Baloxavir marboxil, an anti-influenza drug approved in Japan, can be less effective due to changes in the PA protein of viruses, particularly after treatment.
- - During the 2022-2023 season, most detected influenza cases were of subtype A(H3N2), with a small number showing mutations that reduce susceptibility to baloxavir even before treatment.
- - After treatment, some viruses developed significant PA substitutions, leading to similar symptom durations but delayed viral clearance, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring for antiviral effectiveness.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the fever duration in children infected with different influenza viruses (A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and influenza B) and treated with either baloxavir marboxil or neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) over two influenza seasons in Japan.* -
- Among the 1,742 children analyzed, baloxavir showed a shorter median duration of fever compared to oseltamivir for A(H1N1)pdm09 but not in multivariable analyses, while no significant differences were found for A(H3N2) infections.* -
- For influenza B, baloxavir was notably more effective, reducing fever duration by approximately 15 hours compared to
Background: This study assessed the differences in daily virus reduction and the residual infectivity after the recommended home stay period in Japan in patients infected with influenza and treated with baloxavir (BA), laninamivir (LA), oseltamivir (OS), and zanamivir (ZA).
Methods: We conducted an observational study on children and adults at 13 outpatient clinics in 11 prefectures in Japan during seven influenza seasons from 2013/2014 to 2019/2020. Virus samples were collected twice from influenza rapid test-positive patients at the first and second visit 4-5 days after the start of treatment.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of baloxavir marboxil and oseltamivir in treating children with influenza A and B, focusing on the duration of fever and symptoms.
- The research included 159 patients under 19 years old from Japan during the 2019-2020 flu season, using specific statistical methods to analyze the data.
- Results indicated that the duration of fever was shorter for patients treated with baloxavir compared to those treated with oseltamivir, though further evaluation on baloxavir’s effectiveness and virus susceptibility is needed.
Baloxavir marboxil has been used for influenza treatment since March 2018 in Japan. After baloxavir treatment, the most frequently detected substitution is Ile38Thr in polymerase acidic protein (PA/I38T), and this substitution reduces baloxavir susceptibility in influenza A viruses. To rapidly investigate the frequency of PA/I38T in influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 and A (H3N2) viruses in clinical samples, we established a rapid real-time system to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms in PA, using cycling probe real-time PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe conducted a prospective, multicenter, non-randomized observational study to assess the duration of fever and symptoms of influenza A/H1N1pdm09 and A/H3N2 infected children < 19 years old treated with either baloxavir or oseltamivir. Additionally, these symptoms were investigated in association with pre- and post-baloxavir treatment-emergent polymerase acidic unit (PA) variants as compared to non-substituted viruses. Following receipt of informed consent, baloxavir was administered to 102 influenza A patients, and oseltamivir to 52 patients during the 2018-2019 influenza season in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study assessed the effectiveness of the quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) introduced in Japan during the 2015-2016 season against various strains of influenza.
- Out of 713 participants, the adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) was found to be low for influenza A (30.0%) and higher for influenza B (50.2%), especially among young children aged 0-5 years.
- Results indicate that certain strains of A(H1N1)pdm09 had mutations that could affect how well the vaccine works, highlighting the variable effectiveness across different age groups and influenza types.