Association between regional oxygen saturation and central venous saturation in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A prospective observational study.

Background: We evaluated the correlation between regional oxygen saturation (rSO ) in the frontal and right renal dorsum (cerebral rSO and somatic rSO ) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (INVOS™ 5100C, Medtronic) and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO ) measured with a fiber-optic oximetry catheter (PediaSat™, Edwards Lifesciences) during surgery in order to determine whether noninvasive rSO could be used as an alternative to ScvO in pediatric cardiac surgery patients. We evaluated the correlation between regional tissue oxygen saturation (cerebral rSO and somatic rSO ) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy and other patient measures with central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO ) measured with a fiber-optic oximetry catheter to track global oxygen supply demand as a potential alternative or supplement to ScvO .

Patients And Methods: This single-center prospective observational study enrolled 33 children (weight < 10 kg) who underwent cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease between February 2018 and November 2021.

Anesthetic management of external iliac artery transection in a morbidly obese patient with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome: a case report.

Background: We report the anesthetic management of an external iliac artery transection in a morbidly obese patient with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTWS).

Case Presentation: A 47-year-old man with KTWS was scheduled for a right external iliac artery transection. Preoperative CT showed a right external iliac artery aneurysm, a right superficial femoral artery aneurysm, and developed collateral vessels.

Acute normovolemic hemodilution reduced allogeneic blood transfusion without increasing perioperative complications in patients undergoing free-flap reconstruction of the head and neck.

Purpose: The present case-control study was conducted to evaluate whether acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) can reduce the need for perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) and affect the incidence of perioperative complications in free-flap reconstruction of the head and neck.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective, observational study included the perioperative data of 123 patients who underwent free-flap reconstruction of the head and neck following oncological surgery. Patients were divided into the following two groups according to whether they received ANH: ANH group and non-ANH group.

Efficacy of a solar-powered TiO2 semiconductor electric toothbrush on P. gingivalis biofilm.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of a solar-powered TiO2 semiconductor electric toothbrush on Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm.

Methods: P. gingivalis cells were cultivated on sterilized coverslips under anaerobic conditions and were used as a biofilm.

The process of learning tool-use movements in monkeys: the initial process of picking up and using forceps.

The initial process of learning forceps-use movements was studied in two monkeys who had already learned to pick a piece of food using a hand-held forceps. When the task was changed and the monkeys had to reach-to-grasp the forceps themselves, they did not perform the movement and required help to initiate the movement. When prompted, they performed an act mimicking the use of forceps but with empty hands.

The process of learning a tool-use movement in monkeys, with special reference to vision.

Monkeys learned to use forceps to pick up food. The learning progressed in two stages. After having understood the task to have to use forceps through guidance, they (1) brought forceps toward food without seeing food until it was reached (1st stage), and (2) made forceps reach accurately to food using vision (2nd stage).

Respiratory control during postural changes in anesthetized cats.

The effect of postural changes on respiration was investigated in ten anesthetized cats by applying body tilting during the inspiration phase while recording respiratory patterns, as given by the diaphragmatic EMG, together with either the lung volume or the air flow temperature. The results show that the head-up tilting during inspiration reduced the period of the inspiratory phase and increased the end-inspiratory lung volume. On the other hand, the head-down tilting during inspiration had opposite effects.