Phase I Study of Carboplatin Plus Pemetrexed with Concurrent Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non-Squamous NSCLC (CJLSG0912).

Although concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard therapy for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), no optimal concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimen has been identified in non-squamous NSCLC. We conducted an open-label, multicenter phase I trial to assess the safety of carboplatin (CBDCA) plus pemetrexed (PEM) with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) of 60 Gy. The primary endpoint was determination of the maximum tolerated dose.

Phase II Clinical Trial of Combination Therapy with Favipiravir and Methylprednisolone for COVID-19 with Non-Critical Respiratory Failure.

Introduction: The administration of systemic corticosteroids is a key strategy for improving COVID-19 outcomes. However, evidence is lacking on combination therapies of antiviral agents and systemic corticosteroids. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of favipiravir and methylprednisolone in preventing respiratory failure progression in patients with COVID-19 and non-critical respiratory failure.

Ca2+ influx and ATP release mediated by mechanical stretch in human lung fibroblasts.

One cause of progressive pulmonary fibrosis is dysregulated wound healing after lung inflammation or damage in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. The mechanical forces are considered to regulate pulmonary fibrosis via activation of lung fibroblasts. In this study, the effects of mechanical stretch on the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and ATP release were investigated in primary human lung fibroblasts.

Rapid on-site cytologic evaluation during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for diagnosing lung cancer: a randomized study.

Background: Although rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) is widely used during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), its role remains unclear.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of ROSE during EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Methods: One hundred and twenty patients highly suspected of having lung cancer who had hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy or a tumor adjacent to the central airway were enrolled in this study and randomized to undergo EBUS-TBNA with or without ROSE.

Transesophageal bronchoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Background: Several studies have reported that specimens from mediastinal lesions located adjacent to the esophagus can be sampled using an ultrasound bronchoscope instead of an ultrasound endoscope.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of transesophageal bronchoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration using an ultrasound bronchoscope in patients with stage I/II sarcoidosis.

Methods: Thirty-three patients suspected of having stage I/II sarcoidosis were included in this prospective study.

Prospective study of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration of lymph nodes versus transbronchial lung biopsy of lung tissue for diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Objective: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has been reported to be an accurate and safe method to confirm a pathologic diagnosis of sarcoidosis. However, only a few retrospective or small prospective studies have been published on EBUS-TBNA versus transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB), which has been the standard method for making a pathologic diagnosis of sarcoidosis so far. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBNA and TBLB through a flexible bronchoscope in patients with stage I and II sarcoidosis.

Randomized study of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial biopsy: thin bronchoscopic method versus guide sheath method.

Introduction: In endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial biopsy (EBUS-TBB), techniques using a thin bronchoscope or a guide sheath have been proposed for accurate biopsy instrument reinsertion into the bronchial route indicated by a radial ultrasonic probe. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic yields of these techniques for peripheral pulmonary lesions.

Methods: Patients with suspected peripheral pulmonary lesions were included in this prospective, randomized, noninferiority study and assigned to undergo EBUS-TBB under fluoroscopic guidance using a prototype 3.

Randomized Study of 21-gauge Versus 22-gauge Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration Needles for Sampling Histology Specimens.

Background: : Histologic specimens obtained by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) often provide valuable information for diagnosis or management decisions; however, little has been reported about the sampling yield. Besides the conventional 22-gauge needle, a 21-gauge needle is now available for this procedure. The purpose of this study was to elucidate and compare the respective histologic specimen retrieval yields of EBUS-TBNA using 21-gauge and 22-gauge needles.