Association of Systemic Inflammation with Dietary Intake, Nutrition Impact Symptoms, and Eating-Related Distress Among Patients with Advanced Cancer.

Background: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are correlated with patient outcomes in cancer. This study aimed to determine associations between the CRP level and the dietary intake, symptoms, and eating-related distress (ERD).

Methods: We conducted a multicenter survey among advanced cancer patients.

Low handgrip strength as a marker of severity in the diagnostic criteria for cancer cachexia.

Background & Aims: The diagnostic criteria for cachexia, as proposed by the Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC), include weight loss, a low body mass index, and additional factors such as a low handgrip strength (HGS), anorexia, or elevated CRP levels. This study aimed to evaluate the significance of low HGS as a diagnostic criterion in patients with advanced cancer.

Methods: This single-centre, retrospective cohort study was conducted between April 2019 and March 2023.

Factors Associated with Multimodal Care Practices for Cancer Cachexia among Pharmacists.

Pharmacists' roles in cachexia care are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the knowledge and practice of cachexia care and identify factors related to the practice of cachexia care among pharmacists. Information on the knowledge and practice of cachexia care was obtained.

Modified R-GLIM Score Is a Good Prognostic Tool to Predict a Long-Term Prognosis in Poor Conditioned Elderly Patients with Aspiration Pneumonia, a Pilot Study.

Background: While prognostic guidelines for pneumonia have widely allowed clinicians to treat patients, poor prognostic factors for 1- or 2-year survival times have never been mentioned to our knowledge.

Patients And Methods: We conducted this retrospective study to evaluate whether malnutrition according to the GLIM criteria is a poor prognostic factor for 1- or 2-year survival among patients with aspiration pneumonia. All patients with community-onset aspiration pneumonia who were admitted to Aichi Medical University and had intervention from our nutrition support team (NST) in 2019 and 2020 were enrolled in this study.

Oral hypofunction and social aspects in older adults visiting frailty outpatient clinic.

Background: Oral and social problems can exacerbate long-term care. Understanding the relationship between social aspects and oral hypofunction can help identify high-risk factors for long-term care.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the social aspects of oral hypofunction among medical outpatients.

Effects of Sarcopenia on Changes in the Prevalence of Patients with Depressive Mood during Inpatient Geriatric Rehabilitation.

Background: The effect of sarcopenia on depressive mood during geriatric rehabilitation remains unclear. This study investigated the potential influence of sarcopenia on depressive mood among geriatric patients in a rehabilitation setting.

Methods: This observational cohort study enrolled 204 patients aged ≥65 years (mean age, 78.

Association between oral frailty and sarcopenia among frailty clinic outpatients: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of oral frailty and explore its relationship with oral function and sarcopenia among older outpatients.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we retrospectively included older patients who visited a frailty outpatient clinic. We assessed total oral frailty employing, among other measures, oral diadochokinesis (/ta/ sound) for tongue-lip movement and tongue pressure.

Clinical Impact of Malnutrition According to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria Combined With Kidney Dysfunction to Determine Mortality in Inpatients.

Objective: The clinical impact of malnutrition based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in patients with kidney dysfunction remains poorly understood. This study investigated the usefulness of GLIM criteria for malnutrition in predicting mortality in patients with kidney dysfunction and different clinical renal states, including no kidney disease (NKD), acute kidney injury (AKI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 6,712 patients aged ≥18 admitted between 2018 and 2019.

Impacts of fluid retention on prognostic abilities of cachexia diagnostic criteria in cancer patients with refractory cachexia.

Background & Aims: The international cancer cachexia criteria with a cutoff of 5% weight loss (WL) was proposed in Western patients. The Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) developed new criteria in Asian patients. The AWGC criteria are not cancer-specific and employ a cutoff of 2% WL.

Associations of nutrition impact symptoms with dietary intake and eating-related distress in patients with advanced cancer.

Background & Aims: There is no definition of nutrition impact symptoms (NISs) in cancer care. Moreover, there is a lack of evidence on the associations of NISs with dietary intake and eating-related distress (ERD) in advanced cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the associations of NISs with dietary intake and ERD in patients with advanced cancer.

Predicting Mortality Risks Using Body Mass Index and Weight Loss at Admission in Patients with Heart Failure.

Background: The association of the combination of body mass index (BMI) and weight change at admission with prognoses in patients with heart failure (HF) is unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether BMI and weight changes at admission affect mortality in patients with HF.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study lasted 99 months, starting in April 2014, and included 4,862 patients with HF from a Japanese real-world database.

Fluid retention and weight loss in refractory cancer cachexia.

Objectives: It is unknown to what extent the fluid retention (FR) status disrupts the detection of weight loss rate (WLR) in adult patients with advanced cancer. This study aimed to determine the association of FR status with WLR.

Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Guidance for assessment of the inflammation etiologic criterion for the GLIM diagnosis of malnutrition: A modified Delphi approach.

Background & Aims: The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) approach to malnutrition diagnosis is based on assessment of three phenotypic (weight loss, low body mass index, and reduced skeletal muscle mass) and two etiologic (reduced food intake/assimilation and disease burden/inflammation) criteria, with diagnosis confirmed by fulfillment of any combination of at least one phenotypic and at least one etiologic criterion. The original GLIM description provided limited guidance regarding assessment of inflammation and this has been a factor impeding further implementation of the GLIM criteria. We now seek to provide practical guidance for assessment of inflammation in support of the etiologic criterion for inflammation.

Holistic multimodal care for patients with cancer cachexia and their family caregivers.

Patients with cancer cachexia frequently suffer from physical symptoms and psychological symptoms of illness, which can lead to emotional distress in patients and family caregivers. Although there is no standard care to manage cancer cachexia despite its high prevalence and negative impact on quality of life in patients and family caregivers, there is accumulating evidence showing the importance of holistic multimodal care for cancer cachexia. However, there is no agreement on the essential components of holistic multimodal care.

Validity of the diagnostic criteria from the Asian Working Group for Cachexia in advanced cancer.

Background: Recently, the Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) published a consensus statement on diagnostic criteria for cachexia in Asians. We aimed to validate the criteria in adult patients in Japan with advanced cancer.

Methods: We conducted a single-institution retrospective cohort study between April 2021 and October 2022.

Diagnosis and prevalence of cachexia in Asians: A scoping review.

The aim of this scoping review was to characterize the diagnostic criteria, their cutoff values, and the prevalence of cachexia in Asians. We systematically reviewed studies involving Asian adult patients with cachexia due to cancer and chronic diseases other than cancer, such as heart and renal failure. Sources in English and Japanese published between December 2008 and April 2022, including observational, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and clinical trials, were examined.

Prevalence and Characteristics of the Course of Dysphagia in Hospitalized Older Adults.

Sarcopenic dysphagia (SD) is an emerging concern in geriatric medicine. This study aimed to identify the prevalence, progression, and distinct attributes of SD in patients in the Department of Geriatric Medicine. Older adult patients admitted between 2021 and 2022 were enrolled.

Factors associated with early discontinuation of anamorelin in patients with cancer-associated cachexia.

Purpose: Cancer-associated cachexia, a multifactorial syndrome involving loss of muscle mass and anorexia, is an unremitting problem for cancer patients. Anamorelin has become available for cancer-associated cachexia, but early discontinuation is common in clinical practice. This study aimed to explore factors related to the early discontinuation of anamorelin and its relationship to survival.

Nutrition provided during the final weeks to patients with non-gastrointestinal solid malignancies.

Background & Aims: Data regarding the delivery of nutrition and nutritional infusions to patients with terminal cancer remain limited; therefore, this real-world analysis investigated differences in nutrition delivery and infusion statuses for patients with terminal-stage cancers.

Methods: Patients who had died following hospitalization for more than seven days due to neoplasms between April 2014 and December 2018 were identified using the medical claims database of Japan. Data regarding oral diets, enteral feeding, infusion volumes, and infusion energies were extracted.

Association of body mass index and weight change with death in patients with advanced cancer.

Objective: Conventional diagnostic criteria for cachexia are based on Western studies. The aim of this study was to investigate trends in body mass index (BMI) and the rate of weight change associated with adverse outcomes in Asian patients with advanced cancer.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the administrative claims database compiled by the Japan Medical Data Center Inc.