Publications by authors named "Nao Nomura"

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a challenging procedure involving bile duct cannulation. Despite the development of several cannulation devices, none have effectively facilitated the procedure.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of a recently developed catheter for bile duct cannulation.

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Article Synopsis
  • A 67-year-old Japanese woman with liver cirrhosis from primary biliary cholangitis was admitted to the hospital after losing consciousness.
  • She was diagnosed with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) through imaging and symptoms assessment.
  • Molecular tests showed a link between urease-positive S. salivarius found in her saliva and stool, suggesting it may contribute to increased ammonia production and subsequent HE in cirrhosis patients.
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By enhancing the stability of the lithium metal anode and mitigating the formation of lithium dendrites through electrolyte design, it becomes feasible to extend the lifespan of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. One widely accepted approach involves the utilization of Li[N(SOF)] (Li[FSA]), which holds promise in stabilizing the lithium anode by facilitating the formation of an inorganic-dominant solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film. However, the use of Li[FSA] encounters limitations due to inevitable side reactions between lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and [FSA] anions.

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  • Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene and is more common in Caucasians than in East Asians; this study investigated CF characteristics in Japanese patients.
  • The analysis of 132 CF patients revealed prevalent symptoms such as chronic lung disease (85.6%) and pancreatic insufficiency (66.7%), with a median survival age of just 25 years.
  • The study found distinct CFTR variant patterns in Japanese patients compared to European ones, with specific variants like CFTR-dele16-17a-17b being more common in Japan and the F508del variant appearing in European alleles.
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Background: Prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity are problematic for individuals with schizophrenia partly because atypical antipsychotics and mental distress themselves increase appetite, thus promoting subsequent body weight gain and deterioration of glycemic control. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have been gaining attention for their glucose-lowering and body weight-reducing effects in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes generally, but their effects in those also having schizophrenia have not been adequately addressed.

Case Presentation: This case was a 50-year-old obese woman having type 2 diabetes and schizophrenia.

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HCO secretion in distal airways is critical for airway mucosal defense. HCO/H transport across the apical membrane of airway surface epithelial cells was studied by measuring intracellular pH in luminally microperfused freshly dissected mice bronchioles. Functional studies demonstrated that CFTR, ENaC, Cl-HCO exchange, Na-H exchange, and Na-HCO cotransport are involved in apical HCO/H transport.

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Glucokinase has an important role in regulating glycolysis as a glucose sensor in liver and pancreatic β cells. Glucokinase-maturity onset diabetes in young (GCK-MODY also known as MODY2) is caused by autosomal dominant gene mutation of the GCK gene; it is characterized by mild fasting hyperglycemia and small 2-h glucose increment during 75 g-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as well as near-normal postprandial glucose variabilities. A 10-year-old girl with family history of diabetes visited her physician after being found positive for urinary glucose by school medical checkup.

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Uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with reactive multinucleated giant cells (MGC) is extremely rare. Here we present the case of a 49-year-old woman treated with radical hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and lymph node dissection. Histologically, the cervical tumor was diagnosed as nonkeratinizing SCC of pT1b1N0M0, with negative surgical margin.

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Nociceptin/orphanin FQ is an endogenous neuropeptide that plays important roles in several physiological functions including pain, anxiety, locomotion, learning, and memory. We previously reported that low doses of nociceptin improved the scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory in the passive avoidance test and the spontaneous Y-maze alternation task in mice. In the present study, the effects of nociceptin on learning and memory impairment as well as the decrease in acetylcholine release induced by mecamylamine were investigated in rats.

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