The Interaction between Stress and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Pediatric and Adult Patients.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have seen an exponential increase in incidence, particularly among pediatric patients. Psychological stress is a significant risk factor influencing the disease course. This review assesses the interaction between stress and disease progression, focusing on articles that quantified inflammatory markers in IBD patients exposed to varying degrees of psychological stress.

Exploratory evaluation of tolerability, performance, and cosmetic acceptance of dexpanthenol-containing dermo-cosmetic wash and sun-care products for tattoo aftercare.

Background And Aims: Tattoo prevalence has significantly increased over the last decades. Proper tattoo aftercare, such as cleansing, moisturizing, and protection against sunlight, is essential to prevent complications and to keep the beauty of the tattoo. The tolerability, performance, and cosmetic acceptability of two dexpanthenol-containing dermo-cosmetic products, a wash and a sun-care, were investigated on tattooed skin in two separate trials.

Resistance and cross-resistance in Staphylococcus spp. strains following prolonged exposure to different antiseptics.

Objectives: This aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of staphylococci to develop resistance and cross-resistance to antibiotics following exposure to antiseptics.

Methods: The antibiotic susceptibility profile as well as the antiseptic minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined for Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and reference strains (methicillin resistant or not) before and after prolonged exposure to low concentrations of two antiseptics, namely chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) and octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT).

Results: Resistance was observed to both tested antiseptics following exposure.

Early Results of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis for Fractures of the Distal Tibia: A Retrospective Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis was developed on the concept that preservation of the soft tissue envelope during surgical management of distal tibial fractures is of paramount importance. We report on our early experience using this technique over a 1-year period with 14 such injuries that were treated by a locking compression plate via minimally invasive surgery. The surgical reduction was excellent in most of the cases and all fractures healed uneventfully.

Medical legislation - educational needs assessment for dental students.

: Many studies have highlighted the vulnerabilities in medical practice due to the legislation ignorance. Therefore, developing special programs for students training is needed and has become imperative. : This research aimed to identify the educational needs for the 5th year students in "Carol Davila" School of Dentistry in Bucharest, related to the legislation in dentistry and its area of application.

Investigation of Taper Failure in a Contemporary Metal-on-Metal Hip Arthroplasty System Through Examination of Unused and Explanted Prostheses.

Background: Large-diameter (≥36-mm) metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip replacements have been shown to fail at an unacceptably high rate. Globally, the DePuy Pinnacle prosthesis was the most widely used device of this type. There is evidence to suggest that one of the main reasons for the poor clinical performance of large-diameter MoM prostheses is the metal debris released from the head-stem taper junction-i.

Provision of total hip replacement for displaced intracapsular hip fracture and the outcomes: audit of local practice based on NICE guidelines.

Introduction: Hip fractures are becoming an increasing public health issue due to an ageing population (1). Total hip replacements (THR) produce better outcomes in certain patients who were functioning independently before the injury (2). We aimed to assess whether the management of intracapsular hip fracture is carried out in accordance with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) hip fracture guidance (1) and the outcomes with regards to performing THRs on those patients who fulfil the described criteria.

Decision making on timing of surgery for hip fracture patients on clopidogrel.

Patients taking clopidogrel who sustain a fractured neck of femur pose a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. The aim of this study was to determine whether delay to theatre for these patients affects drop in haemoglobin levels, need for blood transfusion, length of hospital stay and 30-day mortality. A retrospective review of all neck of femur patients admitted at two centres in the North East of England over 3 years revealed 85 patients.

Aortic regurgitation due to quadricuspid aortic valve--case report and literature review.

Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare variant of aortic semilunar valve, often being an unexpected discovery during cardiac surgery. We present the case of a 59 years old patient, who was admitted for dyspnea on light exertion and palpitations. The transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe aortic valve regurgitation due to a quadricuspid aortic valve, the result being confirmed by the transesophageal echo examination.

Percutaneous management of ununited femoral fracture.

We describe a percutaneous technique used for the management of non-union in a complex diaphyseal femoral fracture treated initially with intramedullary nailing. Seven months after the initial fixation, a proximal fracture gap failed to progress to union. A percutaneous procedure involving fracture gap freshening and supplementation with bone morphogenetic protein and demineralised bone matrix resulted in a satisfactory progression to union.

Osteocutaneous radial forearm free flaps: prophylactic fixation of donor site using locking plate augmented with mineral cement.

Prophylactic plating of donor site in osteocutaneous radial forearm free flaps have demonstrated improvement in fracture rates. Previous series used conventional plating systems which rely on plate-bone friction forces to generate stability and can result in iatrogenic fractures if not accurately contoured. Locking plates have superior stability and do not require contouring.

Can DCP and LCP plates generate more compression? The effect of multiple eccentrically placed screws and their drill positioning guides.

Aims: The purpose of this biomechanical study was to assess the capacity of dynamic and locking compression plates (DCP and LCP) in improving fracture compression through the use of multiple compression screws, and the effect of alternating their placement between the two sides of the fracture compared with placing them all on one side. The study also compared fracture compression between DCP and LCP, and between the loading and universal drill guides in DCP.

Materials And Methods: Fracture compression was measured using a customised load cell placed in a transverse osteotomy in synthetic bone models.

Reversed flow lateral circumflex femoral vessels as recipients for free fibular grafting in treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis.

Free fibular bone grafting is an effective treatment for early osteonecrosis of the femoral head in young patients. However, recipient vessels are often small rendering microvascular anastomosis difficult. We have developed a novel technique using retrograde flow through the branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery to use the proximal end of the artery as the recipient vessel.

Retrieval of an impacted trial implant during unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

We report a case of impacted trial implant during Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. We have successfully used AO-ASIF (Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) principles to retrieve the implant without any damage to the metallic implant and adjacent bone and joint.

Evaluation of serologic screening of blood donors in India reveals a lack of correlation between anti-HBc titer and PCR-amplified HBV DNA.

Background: Transfusion associated-HBV (TAHBV) is estimated at approximately 1.5 percent in postsurgical recipients and 50 percent or more in multiple-transfusion recipients in India. Not transfusing blood with high-titer anti-HBc, which reportedly correlates with the presence of HBV DNA, helped reduce TAHBV in Japan.

Seven-year outcome following Colles' type distal radial fracture. A comparison of two treatment methods.

Eighty-five patients were reviewed 7 years after prospective randomization to bridging external fixation or plaster immobilization for treatment of a Colles' type distal radial fracture. The Gartland and Werley score showed that most patients in each group had an excellent or good outcome and patient satisfaction was comparable and high in both groups. The fixator group had significantly less radial shortening (P<0.

The influence of the posterior cruciate ligament in the maintenance of joint line in primary total knee arthroplasty: a radiologic study.

The aim of this study was to compare 2 total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designs radiologically to determine if a posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-substituting design led to a built-in error of elevation of the joint line postoperatively. The restoration of the true joint line is a goal in primary TKA, although its effect on outcome has not been established fully. A total of 47 patients had 56 TKAs performed by 2 surgeons using either the Howmedica Kinemax Plus (Rutherford, NJ) PCL-retaining or PCL-substituting TKAs.

Cryopreservation of Rh negative blood for improved storage & utilisation by means of indigenous freezing bags & solutions & manual deglycerolisation.

Background & Objectives: Cryopreservation allows donor blood to be stored for years, rather than weeks as in liquid storage. This is an established procedure in countries with a developed blood transfusion service. Cryopreservation has not been introduced in India, possibly because of the presumed high cost and complexity of the procedure.

Blood transfusion services: organization is integral to safety.

There are six steps to a safe blood transfusion service. The primary steps are: (i) a national policy for the blood transfusion service with time-bound programmes; (ii) a centrally coordinated, structured and organized blood transfusion service for a country/state under a defined authority; and (iii) a blood transfusion service based on an organized voluntary blood donor programme. The complementary steps are: (i) screening blood for transfusion-associated infections (TAI) appropriate to the region; (ii) rational use of available blood; and (iii) qualified personnel to head and manage the blood transfusion service.

Dall-Miles plating for periprosthetic B1 fractures of the femur.

Eight patients (9 fractures) who have been treated with Dall-Miles plating in this unit between April 1996 and October 1997 for ipsilateral periprosthetic fractures around total hip replacement (7 cases) and total knee replacement (2 cases) have been reviewed. Four were men, and 4 were women. The average age at the time of operation was 77 years (range, 65-89 years).

Blood group gene frequency in a selected north Indian population.

Gene frequencies have been calculated from 6334 blood donors who were tested at a referral hospital in north India, for ABO & Rh and from > 350 donors who were tested for other blood groups. The Hardy Weinberg equation for 2 allel systems and the Bernstein method for 3 or more allel systems have been employed for calculating gene frequencies. The predominance of blood group B (37.

Magnitude of hepatitis C virus infection in India: prevalence in healthy blood donors, acute and chronic liver diseases.

An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed in-house for the detection of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody against the prevailing genotypes in India. The specific reactivity of the test was compared with commercial second and third-generation EIAs and reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR). Fifteen thousand nine hundred twenty-two healthy blood donors at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, were screened for anti-HCV antibody.

Markers for transfusion-transmissible infections in north Indian voluntary and replacement blood donors: prevalence and trends 1989-1996.

Background And Objectives: Twenty five to 30% of multiple-transfusion recipients in India show evidence of infection with both HBV and non-A non-B hepatitis or HCV. To be licensed, blood banks must screen each donor unit for HBsAg, antibodies to HIV-1 and -2, and VDRL.

Materials And Methods: Between 1989 and 1996, 132,093 voluntary and replacement donors at this centre were screened for the above markers, using commercially available kits.