Circulating B Cells Display Differential Immune Regulatory Molecule Expression in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a B cell-mediated, relapsing, autoimmune disease. There is a need for novel therapeutic approaches and relapse markers to achieve durable remission. B cells express immune regulatory molecules that modulate their activation and maintain tolerance.

SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies decline over one year and patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia display a unique cytokine profile.

Objectives: As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rages on worldwide, there is an urgent need to characterize immune correlates of protection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and to identify immune determinants of COVID-19 severity.

Methods: This study examined the longitudinal profiles of neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients clinically diagnosed with mild symptoms, pneumonia, or severe pneumonia, up to 12 months after illness onset, using live-virus neutralization. Multiplex, correlation, and network analyses were used to characterize serum-derived inflammatory cytokine profiles in all severity groups.

Novel salivary gland allergens from tropical mosquito species and IgE reactivity in allergic patients.

Background: Mosquito allergy is common in tropical countries but remains under-diagnosed. This may be due to the lack of knowledge and diagnostic tools for tropical mosquito allergens.

Objective: We aimed to characterize allergens from tropical mosquito species and investigate IgE reactivity in mosquito-allergic patients to the salivary gland proteins from these mosquitoes.