Publications by authors named "Nanshan Zhong"

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma characterized by high-grade malignancy and poor prognosis. Preliminary research indicates that apoptosis evasion is a key factor in SS progression, primarily attributed to the overexpression of anti-apoptotic genes. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still not fully understood.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Rationale: The Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ) is a concise, self-administered and disease-specific instrument for measuring health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in bronchiectasis.

Objectives: To investigate the psychometric properties of simplified Mandarin BHQ and determine the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) as a reliable clinical endpoint for assessing the efficacy of bronchiectasis treatments.

Methods: A longitudinal, randomized controlled trial cohort of 357 patients treated with tobramycin inhalation solution or saline inhalation for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, along with a cross-sectional observational cohort including 436 patients with bronchiectasis were analyzed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Fibroblast activation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is a progressive, incurable, and fibrotic lung disease. However, the underlying mechanism of fibroblast activation in IPF remains elusive. Here, we showed that the expression levels of STX11 and SNAP25 were downregulated in the lung tissues from patients with IPF and mice with bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis as well as in the activated fibroblasts.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Vaccination against the wild-type (WT) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus did not produce detectable levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the BA.5 strain before it emerged. However, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) severity varied highly between unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated individuals, for unknown reasons.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor with a high rate of disability and mortality rates, and dysregulated autophagy is a crucial factor in cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate autophagy in OS remain unclear. This study aimed to explore key molecules that affect autophagy in OS and their regulatory mechanisms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study illustrates how immune cells in the lungs coordinate to detect and manage SARS-CoV-2 infection using a technique called immunocartography, which combines spatial and single-cell RNA sequencing.
  • Researchers mapped the immune response throughout the infection process in Syrian hamsters, analyzing over 142,000 cells from 25 animals at five different time points.
  • Key findings highlight the role of specific immune cell interactions in tackling the virus and restoring lung function, with implications for understanding lung immunity in both mice and humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to explore how allergen immunotherapy (AIT) might protect against viral infections, particularly during a surge of COVID-19 cases among patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AS) in China.
  • The analysis included over 3,600 individuals who tested positive for COVID-19, comparing outcomes between patients receiving routine treatments versus those receiving AIT.
  • Results indicated that patients receiving AIT experienced milder symptoms, quicker recoveries, and reduced rates of hospitalization compared to those only on routine medications, suggesting AIT may enhance protection against severe viral infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The use of cancer therapies is increasing, leading to more cases of lung injuries, specifically interstitial lung disease (ILD), which is a significant cause of death in patients.
  • Cancer therapy-related ILD (CT-ILD) can arise from various treatments like chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, and can develop quickly and severely, highlighting the need for rapid diagnosis and treatment.
  • This review covers the risk factors, mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic methods for CT-ILD, along with treatment strategies for grading, typing, and staging the condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Accurate, non-invasive, and cost-effective methods are essential for improving the diagnosis and management of pulmonary nodules discovered through low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).
  • Researchers conducted genome-wide methylation sequencing of lung tissues to create a panel of 263 DNA methylation regions and applied this to blood cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis across two patient cohorts.
  • They developed a machine learning model that integrates 40 cfDNA methylation biomarkers, age, and CT imaging features, which successfully reduces unnecessary surgeries for benign nodules while promoting timely treatment for lung cancer patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigated the safety and immune response of an intranasal vaccine (Ad5-S-Omicron) for SARS-CoV-2, showing that higher levels of nasal IgA are linked to lower infection risk from the Omicron variant.
  • - Conducted on 128 healthcare workers who had previously received COVID vaccines, the trial found that mild adverse effects occurred with the vaccine, while significant increases in nasal sIgA and serum neutralizing antibodies were observed after the doses.
  • - Despite a surge in infections post-vaccination due to policy changes in China, none of the participants experienced symptomatic infections 90 days after receiving the second dose, suggesting strong immune response from the vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Post-intubation subglottic stenosis (PI-SGS) is a fatal disease which could result in partial or complete narrowing of the airway. Although airway stenting is commonly used as an alternative treatment for PI-SGS patients unsuitable for surgery, complications including stent migration and excessive granulation tissue formation are frequently encountered. Additionally, tracheotomy is necessary in patients undergoing T-tube placement.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Unlabelled: Although the Omicron variant has been associated with greater transmissibility and tropism of the upper respiratory tract, the clinical and pathogenic features of patients infected with the Omicron variant during an outbreak in China have been unclear. Adults with COVID-19 were retrospectively enrolled from seven medical centers in Guangzhou, China, and clinical information and specimens ( BALF, sputum, and throat swabs) from participants were collected. Conventional detection methods, metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and other methods were used to detect pathogens in lower respiratory tract samples.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Despite the success of various cancer therapies on patient survival, these treatments can have negative side effects, particularly severe damage to the respiratory system. Given the rise in respiratory-associated illnesses in response to cancer treatment, we urge the field to consider a new discipline referred to as 'oncology-respirology' (or onco-respirology).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - The study highlights that intranasal vaccination with a specific adenovirus vector can enhance protective nasal immunity (sIgA) against the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, especially in individuals previously vaccinated with the original vaccine.
  • - Results showed that nasal sIgA is considerably more effective than serum antibodies in binding to and neutralizing Omicron subvariants, remaining potent against emerging strains like XBB and BA.2.86.
  • - The findings suggest that intranasal vaccines could be crucial in creating a rapid and robust immune response in the upper respiratory tract, serving as a frontline defense against evolving variants of the virus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: To explore the impact of diabetes on the clinical features and prognosis of COVID-19 and assess the influence of glucocorticoid use on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 and diabetes.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included patients admitted between December 2022 and January 2023. The patients were grouped according to diabetes and glucocorticoid use.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Both of lung cancer incidence and mortality rank first among all cancers in China. Previous lung cancer screening trials were mostly selective screening for high-risk groups such as smokers. Non-smoking women accounted for a considerable proportion of lung cancer cases in Asia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk of disease exacerbation and decreased survival. We aimed to develop and validate a non-invasive nomogram for predicting COPD associated with severe PH and a prognostic nomogram for patients with COPD and concurrent PH (COPD-PH).

Methods: This study included 535 patients with COPD-PH from six hospitals.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Exacerbations are implicated in bronchiectasis and COPD, which frequently co-exist [COPD-Bronchiectasis association (CBA)]. We aimed to determine the bacterial and viral spectrum at stable-state and exacerbation onset of CBA, and their association with exacerbations and clinical outcomes of CBA as compared with bronchiectasis.

Methods: We prospectively collected spontaneous sputum from adults with CBA, bronchiectasis with (BO) and without airflow obstruction (BNO) for bacterial culture and viral detection at stable-state and exacerbations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The immunoprotective components control COVID-19 disease severity, as well as long-term adaptive immunity maintenance and subsequent reinfection risk discrepancies across initial COVID-19 severity, remain unclarified. Here, we longitudinally analyzed SARS-CoV-2-specific immune effectors during the acute infection and convalescent phases of 165 patients with COVID-19 categorized by severity. We found that early and robust SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses ameliorate disease progression and shortened hospital stay, while delayed and attenuated virus-specific CD8 T cell responses are prominent severe COVID-19 features.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF