The diagnostic dilemma of adrenal vascular tumors: analysis of 21 cases and systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: Adrenal vascular tumors are mainly represented by adrenal cavernous hemangiomas (ACHs) and adrenal cystic lymphangiomas (ACLs). Their radiological features often overlap with malignant tumors, therefore ruling out malignancy becomes mandatory. We analyzed clinical, radiological, and histopathological data to identify specific characteristics of these tumors.

High level of circulating cell-free tumor DNA at diagnosis correlates with disease spreading and defines multiple myeloma patients with poor prognosis.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell (PC) disorder characterized by skeletal involvement at the time of diagnosis. Recently, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has been proven to recapitulate the heterogeneity of bone marrow (BM) disease. Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic role of cfDNA at diagnosis according to disease distribution, and to investigate the role of the MM microenvironment inflammatory state in supplying the release of cfDNA.

[68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT for Staging Suspected/Confirmed Lung Cancer: Results on the Surgical Cohort Within a Monocentric Prospective Trial.

Background/objectives: To evaluate T&N-staging diagnostic performance of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT (FAPI) in a suspected/confirmed lung cancer surgical cohort.

Methods: Patients were enrolled in a prospective monocentric trial (EudraCT: 2021-006570-23) to perform FAPI, in addition to conventional-staging-flow-chart (including [18F]F-FDG PET/CT-FDG). For the current purpose, only surgical patients were included.

Total Body Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography: Current Status in Oncology.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a crucial imaging modality in oncology, providing functional insights by detecting metabolic activity in tissues. Total-body (TB) PET and large field-of-view PET have emerged as advanced techniques, offering whole-body imaging in a single acquisition. TB PET enables simultaneous imaging from head to toe, providing comprehensive information on tumor distribution, metastasis, and treatment response.

EANM guidelines on the use of [F]FDG PET/CT in diagnosis, staging, prognostication, therapy assessment, and restaging of plasma cell disorders.

We provide updated guidance and standards for the indication, acquisition, and interpretation of [F]FDG PET/CT for plasma cell disorders. Procedures and characteristics are reported and different scenarios for the clinical use of [F]FDG PET/CT are discussed. This document provides clinicians and technicians with the best available evidence to support the implementation of [F]FDG PET/CT imaging in routine practice and future research.

Going or Returning to Nature? Wild Vegetable Uses in the Foraging-Centered Restaurants of Lombardy, Northern Italy.

Wild vegetables (WVs) have been an essential source of human nutrition since ancient times. Foraging is a millennia-old practice that has gained more attention recently and is becoming fashionable, especially in restaurants in urban areas, as they attract customers who see WVs as an innovative sensory element and specialty food. Some cooks have used very few WVs for decades, but most chefs have only recently introduced them in their modern restaurants.

The Dark Side of Activated Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase-δ Syndrome 2: A Story Rewritten through FDG-PET.

Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase-δ syndrome 2 (APDS2) is characterized by lymphoproliferation and increased risk of malignancy. FDG-PET/CT may represent a helpful diagnostic tool for differentiating these clinical features and correctly diagnosing inborn errors of immunity (IEI). We present the case of a female patient diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma at 19 years of age, although atypical imaging aspects emerged: baseline FDG-PET/CT revealed several hot lymph nodes with a symmetrical distribution, and increased tracer uptake in spleen, axial, and appendicular bone marrow.

Psychometric Properties of the Italian Version of the Short-Form Supportive Care Needs Survey Questionnaire (SCNS-SF34-It): A Multicenter Validation Study.

This study aimed to evaluate psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Short-Form Supportive Care Needs Survey Questionnaire (SCNS-SF34) in a cancer population. A multicenter prospective observational study was carried out in outpatient and inpatient settings. The evaluated psychometric properties were as follows: the five-domain structure, the internal consistency, the convergent validity with the Edmond Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) questionnaire, the discriminant validity and test-retest reliability.

Presumed mediastinal cysts have a low prevalence in canine thoracic computed tomographic studies.

Mediastinal cysts (MCs) are rare lesions that can arise from embryonic remnants of various mediastinal structures. MCs usually are incidental findings in dogs and cats; however, they can reach a mass-like appearance. The description of MCs on CT in dogs is limited.

NTRK rearranged sarcoma of the bone. Role for larotrectinib in the neoadjuvant setting of an ultra-rare tumor: a case report.

Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene-fusion targeted molecules revolutionized the paradigm of treatment of a limited subgroup of cancers of various histologies. Entrectinib and larotrectinib obtained unprecedented response rates in patients with cancer harboring NTRK rearrangements. This evidence recently led to the agnostic approval of these drugs, and evidence (confirmation) of their activity in a broader disease setting is emerging.

Potential Clinical Applications of Dedicated Prostate Positron Emission Tomography.

The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is usually based on transrectal or transperineal biopsies (from 12 to 24 samples) in most cases after the performance of a dedicated MRI and/or transrectal ultrasound. A small-dedicated PET scanner could improve spatial resolution and increase sensitivity, allowing a precise detection and location of the PCa foci, thus allowing an image-guided biopsy. In this short review, we will focus our attention on the potential application of a dedicated prostate PET scanner and on the prototype that has been already assembled for this purpose.

European Association of Nuclear Medicine Focus 5: Consensus on Molecular Imaging and Theranostics in Prostate Cancer.

Background: In prostate cancer (PCa), questions remain on indications for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and PSMA radioligand therapy, integration of advanced imaging in nomogram-based decision-making, dosimetry, and development of new theranostic applications.

Objective: We aimed to critically review developments in molecular hybrid imaging and systemic radioligand therapy, to reach a multidisciplinary consensus on the current state of the art in PCa.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The results of a systematic literature search informed a two-round Delphi process with a panel of 28 PCa experts in medical or radiation oncology, urology, radiology, medical physics, and nuclear medicine.

New Developments in Myeloma Treatment and Response Assessment.

Recent innovative strategies have dramatically redefined the therapeutic landscape for treating multiple myeloma patients. In particular, the development and application of immunotherapy and high-dose therapy have demonstrated high response rates and have prolonged remission duration. Over the past decade, new morphologic or hybrid imaging techniques have gradually replaced conventional skeletal surveys.

Prognostic value of integrated morphofunctional imaging methods in inoperable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Introduction And Aim: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a disease characterized by rarity, heterogeneity, and high mortality, where surgical resection is often not possible. Nowadays, due to the recent introduction of new therapeutic options such as trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE), it is increasingly important to define the role of morphofunctional imaging methods for the prognostic stratification of patients affected by iCCA. The aim of the study was to verify the prognostic value of morphofunctional imaging methods at the baseline in patients with inoperable iCCA.

Impact of minimal residual disease standardised assessment by FDG-PET/CT in transplant-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma enrolled in the imaging sub-study of the FORTE trial.

Background: 18F-FDG-PET/CT is the current standard technique to define minimal residual disease (MRD) outside the bone marrow (BM) in multiple myeloma (MM), recently standardised applying the Deauville scores (DS) to focal lesions (FS) and bone marrow uptake (BMS) and defining the complete metabolic response (CMR) as uptake below the liver background (DS <4).

Methods: In this analysis, we aimed at confirming the role of CMR, and complementarity with BM multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) at 10, in an independent cohort of newly diagnosed transplant-eligible MM patients previously enrolled in the phase II randomised FORTE trial. 109 of the 474 global patients enrolled in the trial between February 23, 2015, and April 5, 2017, who had paired PET/CT (performed at baseline [B] and preceding maintenance therapy [PM]) and MFC evaluation, were included in this analysis.

Ga-FAPI PET/CT Interobserver Agreement on Tumor Assessment: An International Multicenter Prospective Study.

Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs) are promising radiotracers for cancer imaging, with emerging data in the recent years. Nonetheless, the interobserver agreement on Ga-FAPI PET/CT study interpretations in cancer patients remains poorly understood. Ga-FAPI PET/CT was performed on 50 patients with various tumor entities (sarcoma [ = 10], colorectal cancer [ = 10], pancreatic adenocarcinoma [ = 10], genitourinary cancer [ = 10], and other types of cancer [ = 10]).

Actionable imaging findings in the daily PET/CT scenario.

Background And Aim: The American College of Radiology (ACR) defines "actionable findings" the ones requiring a special communication between radiologists and referring clinicians, suggesting to organize their categorization in a three-degree scale on the basis of the risk for the patient to develop complications. These cases may fall in a grey-zone communication between different care figures with the risk of being underestimated or even not being considered at all. In this paper, our aim is to adapt the ACR categorization to the most frequent actionable findings encountered when reporting PET/CT images in a Nuclear Medicine Department, describing the most frequent and relevant imaging features and presenting the modalities of communication and the related clinical interventions that can be modulated by the prognostic severity of the clinical cases.