Peroxiredoxin 1 modulates oxidative stress resistance and cell apoptosis through stemness in liver cancer under non-thermal plasma treatment.

The role of peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1), a crucial enzyme that reduces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species levels in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, in the regulation of HCC cell stemness under oxidative stress and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of non-thermal plasma in targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in HCC, focusing on the mechanisms of resistance to oxidative stress and the role of PRDX1. By simulating oxidative stress conditions using the plasma-activated medium, we found that a reduction in PRDX1 levels resulted in a considerable increase in HepG2 cell apoptosis, suggesting that PRDX1 plays a key role in oxidative stress defense mechanisms in CSCs.

Association between predicted fat mass, predicted lean mass, predicted percent fat and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japanese adults: a retrospective study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to have obesity as a risk factor. Body mass index cannot distinguish between lean mass and fat mass. We aimed to examine the association between predicted fat mass, predicted lean mass, predicted percent fat and risk of T2DM in Japanese adults.

Nitric Oxide in Fungi: Production and Function.

Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized in all kingdoms of life, where it plays a role in the regulation of various physiological and developmental processes. In terms of endogenous NO biology, fungi have been less well researched than mammals, plants, and bacteria. In this review, we summarize and discuss the studies to date on intracellular NO biosynthesis and function in fungi.

Risk factors and renal outcomes of AKI in children with secondary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasingly prevalent in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS). It is associated with adverse outcomes in NS, especially steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). The incidence, risk factors and outcomes of AKI in secondary SRNS remain undefined.

The Preservation Effect of Chitosan-hawthorn Leaf Extract Coating on Strawberries.

Strawberries rapidly deteriorate postharvest, necessitating effective measures to extend their shelf life. This study focused on developing an eco-friendly chitosan-based protective film for strawberry preservation. Strawberries were treated with a coating solution containing varying concentrations of hawthorn leaf extract (HLE) (0.

Harnessing ADAR-Mediated Site-Specific RNA Editing in Immune-Related Disease: Prediction and Therapeutic Implications.

ADAR (Adenosine Deaminases Acting on RNA) proteins are a group of enzymes that play a vital role in RNA editing by converting adenosine to inosine in RNAs. This process is a frequent post-transcriptional event observed in metazoan transcripts. Recent studies indicate widespread dysregulation of ADAR-mediated RNA editing across many immune-related diseases, such as human cancer.

Histone deacetylase inhibitor pracinostat suppresses colorectal cancer by inducing CDK5-Drp1 signaling-mediated peripheral mitofission.

Divisions at the periphery and midzone of mitochondria are two fission signatures that determine the fate of mitochondria and cells. Pharmacological induction of excessively asymmetric mitofission-associated cell death (MFAD) by switching the scission position from the mitochondrial midzone to the periphery represents a promising strategy for anticancer therapy. By screening a series of pan-inhibitors, we identified pracinostat, a pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, as a novel MFAD inducer, that exhibited a significant anticancer effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) in vivo and in vitro.

A Novel Role of ARA70 in Regulating Ferritinophagy of RGCs During Retinal Ischemia Reperfusion.

Although the contribution of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, to ischemia reperfusion (IR)-induced retinal injury has been reported before, to optimize therapeutic strategy, there is still an urgent need to identify potential candidates involved in this process. Androgen Receptor-Associated Protein of 70 kDa (ARA70) is a cargo receptor for ferritinophagy, and its role in retinal ferroptosis has not been revealed yet. Herein, we explored the role of ARA70 in IR-associated retinal lesions by (C57BL/6 J mice with intraocular pressure of 90-100 mmHg) and (retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) stimulated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBH)) experiments.

RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptome Analysis of Nitric Oxide Scavenging Response in .

While the biological role of naturally occurring nitric oxide (NO) in filamentous fungi has been uncovered, the underlying molecular regulatory networks remain unclear. In this study, we conducted an analysis of transcriptome profiles to investigate the initial stages of understanding these NO regulatory networks in , a well-established model filamentous fungus. Utilizing RNA sequencing, differential gene expression screening, and various functional analyses, our findings revealed that the removal of intracellular NO resulted in the differential transcription of 424 genes.

Peroxiredoxin II regulates exosome secretion from dermal mesenchymal stem cells through the ISGylation signaling pathway.

Background: Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that play important roles in intercellular communication and have potential therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine. Dermal mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are a promising source of exosomes due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating exosome secretion from DMSCs are not fully understood.

Incidence of relapse and frequently relapsing/steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in Chinese children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: A cohort study.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of relapse and FR/SDNS in Chinese children with SSNS and to develop clinical prediction models for relapse and FR/SDNS.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 339 newly onset SSNS patients between 2006 and 2016. The incidence of relapse and FR/SDNS were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Polyphyllin D punctures hypertrophic lysosomes to reverse drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting acid sphingomyelinase.

Hypertrophic lysosomes are critical for tumor progression and drug resistance; however, effective and specific lysosome-targeting compounds for cancer therapy are lacking. Here we conducted a lysosomotropic pharmacophore-based in silico screen in a natural product library (2,212 compounds), and identified polyphyllin D (PD) as a novel lysosome-targeted compound. PD treatment was found to cause lysosomal damage, as evidenced by the blockade of autophagic flux, loss of lysophagy, and the release of lysosomal contents, thus exhibiting anticancer effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell both in vitro and in vivo.

How do urban socio-economic characteristics shape a city's social recovery? An empirical study of COVID-19 shocks in China.

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak significantly challenged the cities' abilities to recover from shocks, and cities' responses have widely differed. Understanding these disparate responses has been insufficient, especially from a social recovery perspective. In this study, we propose the concept of social recovery and develop a comprehensive perspective on how a city's socioeconomic characteristics affect it.

Intracellular Nitric Oxide and cAMP Are Involved in Cellulolytic Enzyme Production in .

Although molecular regulation of cellulolytic enzyme production in filamentous fungi has been actively explored, the underlying signaling processes in fungal cells are still not clearly understood. In this study, the molecular signaling mechanism regulating cellulase production in was investigated. We found that the transcription and extracellular cellulolytic activity of four cellulolytic enzymes (, , , and ) increased in Avicel (microcrystalline cellulose) medium.

Association Between the Ratios of Selenium to Several Elements and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly.

To investigate the relationship between the correlation ratios of selenium (Se) and other elements and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among older adults. A total of 1000 individuals participated in our research analysis. The concentrations of elements in whole blood were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to reflect their exposure levels.

COQ8B glomerular nephropathy: Outcomes after kidney transplantation and analysis of characteristics in Chinese population.

Background: Mutation in the can cause COQ8B glomerular nephropathy (COQ8B-GN), which is rare and associated with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) as well as rapid progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of this study was to analyze the prognosis and recurrence risk of COQ8B-GN in patients after kidney transplantation (KTx) and summarize the characteristics of the Chinese population.

Methods: A retrospective study included four cases treated in our hospital with a diagnosis of COQ8B-GN.

Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Combined With Auricular Acupressure Reduces Postoperative Delirium Among Elderly Patients Following Major Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Postoperative delirium is common in elderly patients following major surgery. This study aimed to assess the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with auricular acupressure on the incidence of postoperative delirium among older patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.

Methods: In this single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial, 210 patients aged 65 years or older undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomized to receive either intervention treatment (transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation started at 30 min before anesthesia until the end of the surgery, followed by intermittent auricular acupressure in the first three postoperative days; = 105) or standard care ( = 105).

Plasma Promotes Fungal Cellulase Production by Regulating the Levels of Intracellular NO and Ca.

For the industrial-scale production of useful enzymes by microorganisms, technological development is required for overcoming a technical bottleneck represented by poor efficiency in the induction of enzyme gene expression and secretion. In this study, we evaluated the potential of a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet to improve the production efficiency of cellulolytic enzymes in , a filamentous fungus. The total activity of cellulolytic enzymes and protein concentration were significantly increased (1.

Manual acupuncture at ST36 attenuates rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization and enhancing Treg cell populations in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats.

Objectives: Acupuncture has been found to be effective at relieving many inflammatory pain conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of manual acupuncture (MA) treatment of RA using adjuvant-induced arthritic (AIA) rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions of MA at ST36 () in AIA rats were assessed using paw withdrawal latency and swelling, histological examination and cytokine detection by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).

Knockdown of Peroxiredoxin V increased the cytotoxicity of non-thermal plasma-treated culture medium to A549 cells.

Administration of non-thermal plasma therapy via the use of plasma-activated medium (PAM) might be a novel strategy for cancer treatment, as it induces apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Peroxiredoxin V (PRDX5) scavenges ROS and reactive nitrogen species and is known to regulate several physiological and pathological reactions. However, its role in lung cancer cells exposed to PAM is unknown.

Application of Non-Thermal Plasma to Fungal Resources.

In addition to being key pathogens in plants, animals, and humans, fungi are also valuable resources in agriculture, food, medicine, industry, and the environment. The elimination of pathogenic fungi and the functional enhancement of beneficial fungi have been the major topics investigated by researchers. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is a potential tool to inactivate pathogenic and food-spoiling fungi and functionally enhance beneficial fungi.