Prediction Trough Concentrations of Valproic Acid Among Chinese Adult Patients with Epilepsy Using Machine Learning Techniques.

Objective: This study aimed to establish an optimal model based on machine learning (ML) to predict Valproic acid (VPA) trough concentrations in Chinese adult epilepsy patients.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study was carried out at the Jinshan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University from January 2022 to December 2023. A total of 102 VPA trough concentrations were split into a derivation cohort and a validation cohort at a ratio of 8:2.

Multi-modal triggered-release sonodynamic/chemo/phototherapy synergistic nanocarriers for the treatment of colon cancer.

Most colon cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, with a grim prognosis. In clinical, various combination therapies have been employed to enhance the efficacy of colon cancer treatment. The essence of combined treatment is the judicious selection and combination of various treatment units.

A nanoenzyme-modified hydrogel targets macrophage reprogramming-angiogenesis crosstalk to boost diabetic wound repair.

Diabetic wounds has a gradually increasing incidence and morbidity. Excessive inflammation due to immune imbalance leads to delayed wound healing. Here, we reveal the interconnection between activation of the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in endotheliocyte and polarization of macrophages via the cGAS-STING pathway in the oxidative microenvironment.

Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin/CYP1B1 pathway alleviates oxidative stress and protects the blood-brain barrier under cerebral ischemia/reperfusion conditions.

Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway participate in stroke-induced disruption of the blood-brain barrier. However, the potential links between them following ischemic stroke remain largely unknown. The present study found that cerebral ischemia leads to oxidative stress and repression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Critical quality appraisal and algorithm development of clinical practice guidelines for management of poststroke sensory loss: a systematic review.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) associated with the management of poststroke sensory loss and develop an algorithm for health professionals.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review for relevant CPGs published between 2017 and 2022 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Checklist. Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument was used to assess methodological quality.

A Sustained-Release Nanosystem with MRSA Biofilm-Dispersing and -Eradicating Abilities Accelerates Diabetic Ulcer Healing.

Introduction: Drug-resistant bacterial infections and biofilm formation play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic refractory wounds. Tea tree oil (TTO) exhibits antimicrobial, antimycotic, and antiviral activities, especially against common clinically resistant strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), making it a potential natural antimicrobial for the treatment of acute and chronic wounds. However, TTO is insoluble in water, volatile, light-sensitive, and cytotoxic.

Skin infectome of patients with a tick bite history.

Introduction: Ticks are the most important obligate blood-feeding vectors of human pathogens. With the advance of high-throughput sequencing, more and more bacterial community and virome in tick has been reported, which seems to pose a great threat to people.

Methods: A total of 14 skin specimens collected from tick-bite patients with mild to severe symptoms were analyzed through meta-transcriptomic sequencings.

Analysis of influencing factors on monohydroxylated derivative of oxcarbazepine plasma concentration in children with epilepsy.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the plasma concentration of monohydroxylated derivative (MHD) of oxcarbazepine (OXC) in children with epilepsy.

Methods: We recruited 125 children with epilepsy who received OXC monotherapy. Among them, 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected by MassARRAY genotyping technology to evaluate the influence of related factors on the plasma concentration of OXC monotherapy.

A Novel Enzyme-Free Ratiometric Fluorescence Immunoassay Based on Silver Nanoparticles for the Detection of Dibutyl Phthalate from Environmental Waters.

A novel ratiometric fluorescent immunoassay was developed based on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the sensitive determination of dibutyl phthalate (DBP). In the detection system, AgNPs were labeled on the secondary antibody (AgNPs@Ab) for signal amplification, which aimed to regulate the HO concentrations. When AgNPs-Ab and antigen-primary antibody (Ab) were linked by specific recognition, the blue fluorescence of Scopoletin (SC) could be effectively quenched by the HO added while the red fluorescence of Amplex Red (AR) was generated.

Immunoproteasome modulates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation under cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion conditions.

Compelling evidence showed that both nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and the immunoproteasome participate in neuroinflammatory responses in cerebral ischaemia injury. Moreover, inhibition of either NLRP3 inflammasomes or the immunoproteasome attenuates both neuroinflammation and neurological deterioration during ischaemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanism between the immunoproteasome and NLRP3 inflammasomes under ischaemic stroke conditions remains to be established.

Inhibition of the immunoproteasome LMP2 ameliorates ischemia/hypoxia-induced blood-brain barrier injury through the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.

Background: Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after a stroke can lead to brain injury and neurological impairment. Previous work confirmed the involvement of the immunoproteasome subunit of low molecular mass peptide 2 (LMP2) in the pathophysiology of ischemia stroke. However, the relationship between the immunoproteasome LMP2 and the BBB remains unclear.

Inhibition of the Immunoproteasome Subunit LMP7 Ameliorates Cerebral White Matter Demyelination Possibly via TGF/Smad Signaling.

Objectives: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induces white matter ischemic injury and cognitive impairment, whereas the mechanism remains unclear. Immunoproteasomes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute ischemia stroke and multiple sclerosis. However, the expression and role of immunoproteasomes in the brain of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion remain to be clarified.

Unveiling structure-performance relationships from multi-scales in non-fullerene organic photovoltaics.

Unveiling the correlations among molecular structures, morphological characteristics, macroscopic properties and device performances is crucial for developing better photovoltaic materials and achieving higher efficiencies. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive study is performed based on four state-of-the-art non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs), which allows to systematically examine the above-mentioned correlations from different scales. It's found that extending conjugation of NFA shows positive effects on charge separation promotion and non-radiative loss reduction, while asymmetric terminals can maximize benefits from both terminals.

Efficient Charge Transport Enables High Efficiency in Dilute Donor Organic Solar Cells.

The donor/acceptor weight ratio is crucial for photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, we systematically investigate the photovoltaic behaviors of PM6:Y6 solar cells with different stoichiometries. It is found that the photovoltaic performance is tolerant to PM6 contents ranging from 10 to 60 wt %.

Fast Field-Insensitive Charge Extraction Enables High Fill Factors in Polymer Solar Cells.

Fill factor (FF) is a determining parameter for the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSC). So far, nonfullerene (NF) OSCs with state-of-the-art PCEs exhibit FFs <0.8, lower than the values of Si or perovskite solar cells.

Complex spatial patterns delay the discovery and location of food by rodents.

Spatial patterns in heterogeneity are generally deemed a central causal factor influencing the physiology and behavior of animals in ecological systems. However, knowledge remains limited about how such patterns influence food discovery by animals. We inferred that spatial heterogeneity plays a key role in animal food discovery and location.

A Comparative Study on Hole Transfer Inversely Correlated with Driving Force in Two Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells.

We report a faster rate of hole transfer under a smaller Δ in a comparative study of two group organic solar cells (OSCs) consisting of IT-4F as an acceptor and PBDBT and PBDBT-SF as donors. In the OSCs based on PBDBT-SF:IT-4F, a higher short-circuit current () was observed with a Δ of 0.31 eV compared to a lower in PBDBT:IT-4F OSCs with a larger Δ (0.

Enhanced Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Benefited from Graphene Modified by Ag Nanoparticles.

In this paper, graphene modified by Ag nanoparticles was successfully applied into dye sensitized solar cells. The morphologies and compositions of graphene and graphene-Ag nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The optical and electrical properties were evaluated by UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and current-voltage curve.

Borrelia miyamotoi Infections in Humans and Ticks, Northeastern China.

We conducted an investigation of Borrelia miyamotoi infections in humans and ticks in northeastern China. Of 984 patients reporting recent tick bites, 14 (1.4%) were found to be infected with B.

Effects of metal ions on the structure and activity of a human anti-cyclin D1 single-chain variable fragment AD5.

Cyclin D1 has become a potential target for anti-tumor therapy. Recently, a novel human anti‑cyclin D1 single‑chain variable fragment (AD5) was identified, which demonstrated specific binding activity to cyclin D1 and exhibited anti‑tumor effects. However, the detailed characteristics of AD5 remain unclear.

Fabrication of TiO Nanosheet Aarrays/Graphene/CuO Composite Structure for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities.

TiO NSAs/graphene/CuO was fabricated on the carbon fiber to use as photocastalysts by coating CuO on the graphene (G) decorated TiO nanosheet arrays (NSAs). The research focus on constructing the composite structure and investigating the reason to enhance the photocatalytic ability. The morphological, structural, and photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized products were characterized.