Dual-plasmonic eccentric nanostructure with prominent colorimetric and photothermal performance to detect zearalenone by dual signal immunochromatography assay.

In the study, an eccentric heterogeneous core-shell nanomaterial Au@CuSe was simply and rapidly synthesized. This novel nano-structure exhibits superior colorimetric intensity, enhanced antibody coupling efficiency, and strong broadband absorption across the visible to near-infrared spectrum, with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 59.40%.

Engineered food-derived hesperetin as heterojunction photosensitizer for inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and degrading patulin, and its application in perishable strawberries.

The potential contamination, including microbial and mycotoxin infection, may escape from the naked eye, posing great threats to food products. Recently, photodynamic inactivation (PDI)-based technology particular has received particular attention because of their high safety. Herein, food-derived hesperetin (Hst) was innovatively introduced as an esculent photosensitizer, engineering with food-grade TiO nanoparticles (NPs) to form an organic-inorganic heterojunction structure.

Dynamic carboxymethyl chitosan prodrug hydrogel precisely mediates robust therapy on wound infection.

Dynamic antibacterial polysaccharide prodrug hydrogels are in great demand for treatment of wound infection owing to their unique advantages such as excellent biocompatibility, superior antimicrobial property as well as favorable wound healing capacity. Herein, this work highlights the successful development of a dynamic carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) prodrug hydrogel, which is facilely constructed through Schiffer base reaction between antibacterial components (amikacin and CMC) and crosslinker (dialdehyde PEG). Moderate dynamic imine linkages endow the hydrogel with excellent injectable and self-healing capability as well as targeted on-demand drug release in slightly alkaline condition at infected wound.

Synthesis of a novel photochemical and thermoresponsive diblock biomaterial with end-functionalized zinc porphyrin.

Porphyrin compound-based photochemical molecules and biomaterials have been synthesized for photosensitivity and bioimaging experiments. However, most porphyrin photosensitizers have limited application in biological environments owing to severe aggregation in aqueous solutions. In the present study, we prepared amphipathic and photosensitive copolymers using zinc porphyrin via consecutive atom transfer-free radical polymerizations (ATRPs) comprising photoresponsive and thermosensitive chain segments.

Rapid and sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS methods for dietary sample analysis of 43 mycotoxins in China total diet study.

Introduction: Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungi that commonly contaminate foods. As recommended by the World Health Organization, total diet study (TDS) is the most efficient and effective way to estimate the dietary intakes of certain chemical substances for general populations. It requires sensitive and reliable analytical methods applicable to a wide range of complex food matrices and ready-to-eat dishes.

Dietary exposure to fumonisins and ochratoxins in the Chinese general population during 2007-2020: Results from three consecutive total diet studies.

As widespread contaminants, fumonisins (FBs) and ochratoxins (OTs) in food may cause public health threat. In this study, the dietary exposures to FBs and OTs in the Chinese general population were investigated by means of a total diet study (TDS) approach. A total of 672 composite dietary samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in three consecutive China total diet studies from 2007 to 2020.

Dietary Exposure to Fumonisins and Health Risk Assessment in the Sixth China Total Diet Study - China, 2015-2020.

Introduction: Fumonisins are a group of widespread mycotoxins mainly existing in staple foods. Their toxicological effects on humans cause worldwide public health threat. During 2015-2020, the 6th China Total Diet Study (TDS) was conducted to study the dietary exposure to fumonisins in the Chinese adult population.

Synthesis of a biodegradable branched copolymer mPEG-b-PLGA-g-OCol and its pH-sensitive micelle.

An amphiphilic biodegradable branched copolymer, mPEG-b-PLGA-g-OCol, was synthesized by grafting copolymer (methoxy polyethylene glycol)-b-Poly (l,d-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (mPEG-b-PLGA) on oligomeric collagen (OCol), to form a branched structure with mPEG-b-PLGA as side chain and OCol as backbone. mPEG-b-PLGA and mPEG-b-PLGA-g-OCol were both amphipathic and can self-assemble into micelles in aqueous solution. The mPEG-b-PLGA-g-OCol micelles showed pH-sensitive behaviors and the particle size below 100 nm in slightly acidic environment such as tumor tissue milieu interieur to perform passive targeting.

[Evaluation based on the results of international proficiency tests for aflatoxins and analysis of keypoint detection].

Objective: To analyze the results of international proficiency tests for aflatoxin determination and to identify the requirement of quality assurance and control in mycotoxin analysis.

Methods: By the use of Z-scores, the results of aflatoxins from international proficiency tests were analyzed and the critical control points in experimental operation were discussed.

Results: The absolute values of the Z-scores of aflatoxins were less than 2, indicating that the results from the laboratory were satisfactory.

Unprecedentedly High Activity and/or High Regio-/Stereoselectivity of Fluorenyl-Based CGC Allyl-Type η:η--Butyl(dimethylfluorenylsilyl)amido Ligated Rare Earth Metal Monoalkyl Complexes in Olefin Polymerization.

A series of fluorenyl-based constrained-geometry-configuration (CGC) allyl-type rare earth metal monoalkyl complexes bearing the divalent anionic η:η--butyl(dimethylfluorenylsilyl)amido (η:η-FluSiMeNBu) ligand (η:η-FluSiMeNBu)Ln(CHSiMe)(THF) (-) have been synthesized via the alkane elimination reaction between the FluHSiMeNHBu ligand and rare earth metal tri(trimethylsilylmethyl) complexes Ln(CHSiMe)(THF). Their structures are characterized by means of NMR spectrum, elemental analyses, and X-ray diffraction. These complexes - are isostructural and isomorphous, and each of them adopts a distorted-trigonal-bipyramidal configuration containing one η:η-FluSiMeNBu ligand, one CHSiMe ligand, and two THF molecules.

Development of Sensitive and Reliable UPLC-MS/MS Methods for Food Analysis of Emerging Mycotoxins in China Total Diet Study.

With the climatic changes that have taken place during the last decade, the spectrum of fungal pathogens as well as mycotoxins has considerably changed. As a result, some emerging mycotoxins have been shown to occur frequently in agricultural products. In this study, a sensitive and reliable method for the determination of 10 emerging mycotoxins (beauvericin, enniatin A, enniatin A1, enniatin B, enniatin B1, alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, altenuene, tentoxin, and tenuazonic acid) in 12 different food matrices (cereals, legumes, potatoes, meats, eggs, aquatic foods, dairy products, vegetables, fruits, sugars, beverages, and alcohol beverages) was developed and validated.

[Occurrences of mycotoxins in human breast milk in 15 provinces in China in 2011].

Objective: To investigate contamination levels of 10 mycotoxins in human breast milk from 15 provinces in China.

Methods: The human milk breast samples were collected from 15 provinces in China by aid of the second National Breast Milk Survey. After the pooled samples were made, concentrations of 10 main mycotoxins in breast milk pooled samples were measured by a UPLC-MS/MS with isotope dilution.

End-Functionalized Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with d-Glucosamine through Different Initiator from C-1 and C-2 Positions via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

Regioselective modification of d-glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose, GA) through C-1 and C-2 positions to synthesized thermo-responsive D-Glucosamine-poly(-iso-propylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was investigated for the first time. Two different schemes of the synthesis for GA derivatives (GA-PNIPAM (i) and (ii)) with well-defined structures using 3,4,6-tri--acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido--d-glucopyranose and 1,3,4,6-tetra--acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy--d-glucopyranose intermediates were examined. The GA-PNIPAM (ii) had an amino at C-2 position, while there was a hydroxyl in GA-PNIPAM (i) at this position.

Synthesis and characterization of Eu(III) complexes of modified d-glucosamine and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide).

A series of chain-end functional polymers composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose(d-glucosamine, GA) was synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Novel fluorescent complexes of glucosamine-PNI- PAM/Eu(III) were then formed by chelation of the polymers and europium(III) ions. The aqueous solutions of the polymers and its Eu(III) complexes exhibited a lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs), and which were approximately equal to body temperature.

Carbon dots for fluorescent detection of α-glucosidase activity using enzyme activated inner filter effect and its application to anti-diabetic drug discovery.

Recently, α-glucosidase inhibitor has been widely used in clinic for diabetic therapy. In the present study, a facile and sensitive fluorescent assay based on enzyme activated inner filter effect (IFE) on nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CDs) was first developed for the detection of α-glucosidase. The N-doped CDs with green emission were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal synthesis and gave the fluorescence quantum yield of 30%, which were used as the signal output.

Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Intracellular Primary Metabolites by Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with a Q Exactive HF Mass Spectrometer.

In this study, we established an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-Q Exactive HF MS (UHPLC-HF MS) method for the simultaneous determination of 25 targeted metabolites relating to a broad coverage of central metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), serine biosynthesis pathway (SSP), glutaminolysis pathway, and closely related biosynthetic reactions. A Shodex Asahipak NH2P-50 2D column was used to separate the targeted compounds, and Full MS + PRM detection using an electrospray ionization source in negative mode was employed. The method also integrated a sample purification step by passing through a Waters Sirocco 96 plate to remove protein impurities, ensuring the better resolution and sensitivity of the proposed method.

Facile and ultrasensitive fluorescence sensor platform for tumor invasive biomaker β-glucuronidase detection and inhibitor evaluation with carbon quantum dots based on inner-filter effect.

Early detection and diagnosis have great practical significances for the effective prevention and treatment of cancer. In this study, we developed a novel, facile and ultra-sensitive fluorescence assay for the determination of tumor invasive biomarker β-glucuronidase (GLU) based on the inner-filter effect (IFE). The nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) with green photoluminescence were employed as the fluorophore in IFE, and 4-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucuronide (PNPG) was used to act as GLU substrate, and GLU catalytic product (p-nitrophenol (PNP)) was capable of acting as the robust absorber in IFE to turn off the fluorescence of N-CQDs due to the complementary overlap between the absorption of PNP and the excitation of N-CQDs.

toxicological evaluation of ethyl carbamate in human HepG2 cells.

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a multi-site carcinogen in experiment animals and probably carcinogenic to humans (IARC group 2A). The present study was designed to investigate the cytotoxicity effect of EC on human hepatoma G2 (HepG2) cells. The results revealed that EC inhibited the viability of HepG2 cells significantly in a dose-dependent manner.

Synthesis and characterization of aminoporphyrin-end-functionalized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with photodynamic and thermoresponsive effects.

The novel aminoporphyrin-end-functionalized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) polymer H2N-TPP-PNIPAM (TPP = 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphyrin) behaves as a multifunctional platform that displays a photodynamic effect, thermosensitivity, and fluorescence properties. The polymer was designed by using an asymmetrical aminoporphyrin (i.e.

Synthesis and characterization of Eu(III) complexes of modified cellulose and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide).

A series of thermo-responsive copolymers of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and cellulose were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using N-isopropylacrylamide as the monomer, cellulose acetate as the initiator, and CuCl/tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine (Me6TREN) as a catalytic system. The resulting polymers had a narrow range of polydispersity indexes 1.27-1.