Is antegrade ureteroscopy better than retrograde ureteroscopy for impacted large upper ureteral calculi?

Objective: This study was planned to compare the risks and advantages of antegrade and retrograde ureteroscopy for impacted large upper ureteral calculi.

Patients And Methods: From September 1996 to February 1998, ureteroscopy was offered to 43 patients. Of these, retrograde ureteroscopy was done in 20 patients, while antegrade ureteroscopy was performed in 23 patients.