Wilms' Tumor - An Audit.

Background And Aims: Outcome analysis of patients with Wilms' tumors (WT) is presented.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 23 children having WT managed by a single surgeon over 3 years (2021-2024) using the International Society of Paediatric Oncology Umbrella protocol was done.

Results: The median age at presentation was 36 months; 32 months and 24 months for the unilateral WT (uWT) ( = 19) and bilateral WT (bWT) ( = 4), respectively.

Molecular tweaking by generative cheminformatics and ligand-protein structures for rational drug discovery.

The purpose of this review is two-fold: (1) to summarize artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches and document the role of ligand-protein structures in directing drug discovery; (2) to present examples of drugs from the recent literature (past decade) of case studies where such strategies have been applied to accelerate the discovery pipeline. Compared to 50 years ago when drug discovery was largely a synthetic chemist driven research exercise, today a holistic approach needs to be adopted with seamless integration between synthetic and medicinal chemistry, supramolecular complexes, computations, artificial intelligence, machine learning, structural biology, chemical biology, diffraction analytical tools, drugs databases, and pharmacology. The urgency for an integrated and collaborative platform to accelerate drug discovery in an academic setting is emphasized.

A new Section Editor for Acta Cryst. B.

Introducing the new Section Editor for Acta Cryst. B.

Exploring Holy Basil's Bioactive Compounds for T2DM Treatment: Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations with Human Omentin-1.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) presents a substantial health concern on a global scale, driving the search for innovative therapeutic strategies. Phytochemicals from medicinal plants, particularly Ocimum tenuiflorum (Holy Basil), have garnered attention for their potential in T2DM management. The increased focus on plant-based treatments stems from their perceived safety profile, lower risk of adverse effects, and the diverse range of bioactive molecules they offer, which can target multiple pathways involved in T2DM.

Exploring the clinical connections between epilepsy and diabetes mellitus: Promising therapeutic strategies utilizing agmatine and metformin.

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and epilepsy and the psychological and socio-economic implications that are associated with their treatments can be quite perplexing. Metformin is an antihyperglycemic medication that is used to treat type 2 DM. In addition, metformin elicits protective actions against multiple diseases, including neurodegeneration and epilepsy.

Bioavailable Vitamin D Levels in Children With First Episode Nephrotic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study.

Objective: To estimate the levels of serum bioavailable vitamin D in children presenting with first episode nephrotic syndrome (FENS) at diagnosis and after 4 weeks of standard steroid therapy while the child is in remission, and compare the same with age-sex matched healthy controls.

Methods: We included children aged 1 month to 12 years presenting as FENS and estimated the serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D], parathormone, serum and urine vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) at diagnosis and after 4 weeks of standard steroid therapy while the child is in remission. We also included age-sex matched healthy controls for comparison.

Probing Short-Range Interactions in Isostructural Hydrate and Perhydrate of Dabrafenib by Magic-Angle Spinning Solid-State NMR.

Dabrafenib (), an anticancer drug, exhibits isostructural properties in its hydrate () and perhydrate () forms, as revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Despite the HO and HO solvent molecules occupying identical locations, the two polymorphs have different thermal behaviors. In general, determination of stoichiometry of HO in the perhydrate crystals is difficult due to the presence of both HO and HO in the same crystal voids.

Testicular Cancer Survivorship and Fertility Preservation.

Testicular cancer disproportionally affects men of reproductive age making fertility an important aspect of testicular cancer survivorship. Men with testicular cancer have more semen parameter abnormalities and a higher incidence of infertility compared to the general population. All treatment options for testicular cancer negatively affect fertility with recovery rates varying by treatment.

Urologist Access for the Male Population: An 18-Year Study on Population Trends.

Introduction: Our study examines the factors associated with urologist availability for younger and older men across the country over a period of 18 years from 2000 to 2018.

Methods: The Area Health Resource Files and US Census Data were analyzed from 2000, 2010, and 2018. The younger male population was defined as men aged 20 to 49, and the older male population was defined as ages 50 to 79.

New Section Editor of Acta Crystallographica, Section B.

Introducing the new Section Editor of Acta Crystallographica Section B.

Dabrafenib-Panobinostat Salt: Improving the Dissolution Rate and Inhibition of BRAF Melanoma Cells.

Cocrystallization of the drug-drug salt-cocrystal of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) panobinostat (PAN) and b-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (BRAF) inhibitor dabrafenib (DBF) afforded single crystals of a two-drug salt stabilized by N-H···O and N-H···N hydrogen bonds between the ionized panobinostat ammonium donor and dabrafenib sulfonamide anion acceptor in a 12-member ring motif. A faster dissolution rate for both drugs was achieved through the salt combination compared to the individual drugs in an aqueous acidic medium. The dissolution rate exhibited a peak concentration () of approximately 310 mg cm min for PAN and 240 mg cm min for DBF at a of less than 20 min under gastric pH 1.

Unusual association of Wilms' tumor with cystic diseases of kidney: A pathologic surprise.

Wilms' tumor (or nephroblastoma) is the most common renal malignancy in the pediatric population which consists of blastemal, epithelial, and stromal elements in variable proportions. The occurrence of renal cysts in children and infants is a rare phenomenon and is possibly an outcome of developmental aberrations in mesonephric blastema. The coincidental association of nephroblastoma with renal cysts is a very rare finding.

18-Year Population Trends Determine Factors Associated with Future Access to Urologists.

Introduction: Our study evaluated urologist availability by United States county since 2000 relative to regional changes in the general population to identify factors associated with access to care.

Methods: County-level data from 2000, 2010 and 2018 from the Department of Health and Human Services, U.S.

Diffusion and Flux Improvement of Drugs through Complexation.

Improving the solubility and permeability of drugs via cocrystallization is an important theme in crystal engineering with practical applications for the discovery and development of high bioavailability medicines. The past decade has witnessed a surge of publications on pharmaceutical cocrystals/salts to improve the permeability of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class IV drugs. In this review article, the reader is introduced to the fundamentals of drug permeability mechanisms and then examples of pharmaceutical cocrystals and salts designed to enhance drug diffusion and permeability are presented, in order to understand the different structural factors that modulate drug flux and transport across a semipermeable membrane.

Resection of a large Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas: A multidisciplinary feat and review of literature.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is an extremely rare tumor with low malignant potential which is generally located in the tail of the pancreas. The prevalence of SPN has increased with the recent advancement in radiological imaging. CECT abdomen and Endoscopic ultrasound-FNA are excellent modalities in preoperative diagnosis.

Morvan's syndrome: An unusual presentation of a solid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumor.

Morvan's syndrome is a rare anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) antibody-mediated autoimmune disorder. The clinical features of this syndrome include muscular twitching, insomnia, dysautonomia, peripheral nerve hyperexcitability, and fluctuating delirium. An underlying tumor is commonly found among Morvan's syndrome cases, with thymoma being the most frequent association.

The inhibitory effect of Curcumin-Artemisinin co-amorphous on Tau aggregation and Tau phosphorylation.

Tau is a natively unfolded microtubule-associated protein. Tau neurofibrillary tangles are one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. The post-translational modifications of Tau lead to its pathological state.

A Call to Action to Review the USPSTF's Recommendation for Testicular Self-Examination.

We urge the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) to call for a formal review of the evidence regarding testicular self-examination (TSE). Twelve years have since passed since the evidence was last formally analyzed where normally re-reviews occur in 5-year cycles. If they would decide to move forward with this action, we ask for the USPSTF to review their methods for establishing recommendations to optimize their rating system operationalization process.