Biomarkers.

Background: The study aims to assess the associations of comorbidities (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease [CKD], and depression) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's dementia (AD dementia), and cognition by race/ethnicity; and to examine whether blood AD biomarkers mediate the associations.

Method: We used data from the baseline and visit 2 of the Health & Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD) study. 2057 participants were included in the cross-sectional analyses, and 792 participants, who were cognitively normal at baseline and had follow-up data, were included in the longitudinal analyses.

Geographic trends in overall and long-acting opioid prescriptions under Medicaid and Medicare Part D in the United States, 2013-2021.

Amid the national opioid epidemic, it is important to assess trends in opioid prescriptions. Long-acting opioids (LAOs) are of particular interest as they are among the most intensely misused prescription opioids. Moreover, understanding geographic trends in opioid prescriptions may help identify state-level variations, illustrating state-specific disparities.

A Comparative Clinical Evaluation of Subgingivally Delivered 0.5% Azithromycin Gel and 1% Chlorhexidine Gel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis.

Background: Chronic periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth. Adjunctive therapies to scaling and root planing (SRP) play a crucial role in enhancing treatment outcomes. This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of subgingivally delivered 0.

Analysis of Cholera Risk in India: Insights from 2017-18 Serosurvey Data Integrated with Epidemiologic data and Societal Determinants from 2015-2019.

Background: Indian subcontinent being an important region in the fight to eliminate cholera needs better cholera surveillance. Current methods miss most infections, skewing disease burden estimates. Triangulating serosurvey data, clinical cases, and risk factors could reveal India's true cholera risk.

Functional connectivity differences of the olfactory network in Parkinson's Disease, mild cognitive impairment and cognitively normal individuals: A resting-state fMRI study.

Olfactory dysfunction is an early sign of such neurodegenerative diseases as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's (AD), and is often present in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a precursor of AD. Understanding neuro-temporal relationships, i.e.

The effect of co-ligands on the performance of single-molecule magnet behaviours in a family of linear trinuclear Zn-Dy-Zn complexes with a compartmental Schiff base.

We present herein magneto-structural studies of three heterometallic ZnDy complexes: [ZnDy(L)Cl(HO)](ClO)·4HO (1), [ZnDy(L)Br(HO)](ClO)·4HO (2) and [ZnDy(L)(OAc)I(HO)]I·4HO (3), utilizing a new Schiff base ligand, ,-bis(3-methoxy-5-methylsalicylidene)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (HL). Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit remarkable magnetic relaxation behaviour with relatively high energy barriers in zero field (: 244 K for 1 and 211 K for 2) and notable hysteresis temperatures, despite the low local geometric symmetry around the central Dy ions. The SMM performance of these complexes is further enhanced under an applied magnetic field, with increasing to 309 K for 1 and 269 K for 2, positioning them as elite members within the Zn-Dy SMM family.

Classifying Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology Using Clinical and MRI Measurements.

Background: Computer-aided machine learning models are being actively developed with clinically available biomarkers to diagnose Alzheimer's disease (AD) in living persons. Despite considerable work with cross-sectional in vivo data, many models lack validation against postmortem AD neuropathological data.

Objective: Train machine learning models to classify the presence or absence of autopsy-confirmed severe AD neuropathology using clinically available features.

Chemical fixation of atmospheric CO in tricopper(II)-carbonato complexes with tetradentate N-donor ligands: reactive intermediates, probable mechanisms, and catalytic and magneto-structural studies.

In the present era, the fixation of atmospheric CO is of significant importance and plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of carbon and energy flow within ecosystems. Generally, CO fixation is carried out by autotrophic organisms; however, the scientific community has paid substantial attention to execute this process in laboratory. In this report, we synthesized two carbonato-bridged trinuclear copper(II) complexes, [Cu(L1)(μ-CO)](ClO) (1) and [Cu(L2)(μ-CO)](ClO) (2) atmospheric fixation of CO starting with Cu(ClO)·6HO and easily accessible pyridine/pyrazine-based N donor Schiff base ligands L1 and L2, respectively.

Interaction between sleep duration and trouble sleeping on depressive symptoms among U.S. adults, NHANES 2015-2018.

Background: This study aims to examine the associations and interaction effects of sleep duration and trouble sleeping on depressive symptoms among U.S. adults.

Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of Euvichol-Plus with Shanchol in healthy Indian adults and children: an open-label, randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority, parallel-group, phase 3 trial.

Background: Considering the cholera menace in India and to seek licensure of the oral cholera vaccine (OCV), Euvichol-Plus, we conducted a clinical trial to compare the immunogenicity and safety of Euvichol-Plus with Shanchol in healthy Indian adults and children.

Methods: This phase 3, open-label, multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority, parallel-group, comparative study was conducted at seven sites across India involving 416 healthy adults (aged ≥18-60 years) and children (aged ≥1 to <18 years). Healthy individuals who agreed to participate through a voluntary written informed consent form along with oral or written assent (for children aged 7-18 years) were included.

Carriage and within-host diversity of harbouring from pregnant mothers: inter- and intra-mother transmission dynamics of .

Exchange of antimicrobial resistance genes via mobile genetic elements occur in the gut which can be transferred from mother to neonate during birth. This study is the first to analyse transmissible colistin resistance gene, , in pregnant mothers and neonates. Samples were collected from pregnant mothers (rectal) and septicaemic neonates (rectal and blood) and analysed for the presence of , its transmissibility, genome diversity, and exchange of between isolates within an individual and across different individuals (not necessarily mother-baby pairs).

Amyand's hernia with a perforated appendix and an enterocutaneous fistula: A case report.

Introduction: Amyand's hernia is a rare finding accounting for less than 1 % of inguinal hernias. The appendix with its pathology within the hernia sac may become isolated from the gastrointestinal tract, which can cause further confusion in clinical diagnosis. Awareness of the possibility of such appendiceal isolation could aid in clinical diagnosis.

Moderation effects of serotype on dengue severity across pregnancy status in Mexico.

Background: Pregnancy increases a woman's risk of severe dengue. To the best of our knowledge, the moderation effect of the dengue serotype among pregnant women has not been studied in Mexico. This study explores how pregnancy interacted with the dengue serotype from 2012 to 2020 in Mexico.

Relationship Between Valence and Arousal for Subjective Experience in a Real-life Setting for Supportive Housing Residents: Results From an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Background: The circumplex model of affect posits that valence and arousal are the principal dimensions of affect. The center of the 2D space represents a neutral state of valence and a medium state of arousal. The role of valence and arousal in human emotion has been studied extensively.

Immunization programs to support primary health care and achieve universal health coverage.

Gains in immunization coverage and delivery of primary health care service have stagnated in recent years. Remaining gaps in service coverage reflect multiple underlying reasons that may be amenable to improved health system design. Immunization systems and other primary health care services can be mutually supportive, for improved service delivery and for strengthening of Universal Health Coverage.

Higher Expression of Annexin A2 in Metastatic Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Promotes Migration and Invasion.

In this study, we aim to evaluate the significance of AnxA2 in BLCA and establish its metastatic role in bladder cancer cells. Analysis of TCGA data showed that AnxA2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in BLCA tumors than in normal bladder tissues. High mRNA expression of AnxA2 in BLCA was significantly associated with high pathological grades and stages, non-papillary tumor histology, and poor overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and diseases specific survival (DSS).

Trends in prevalence of short sleep duration and trouble sleeping among US adults, 2005-2018.

Study Objectives: To determine trends in prevalence of short sleep duration and trouble sleeping among US adults from 2005 to 2018, and to assess how sleep trends vary by sex and race/ethnicity.

Methods: Seven cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between 2005-2006 and 2017-2018 were analyzed. Trouble sleeping and sleep duration were self reported.

Longitudinal Changes in Cognitive Functioning and Brain Structure in Professional Boxers and Mixed Martial Artists After They Stop Fighting.

Background And Objectives: This study compares longitudinal changes in cognitive functioning and brain structures in male fighters who transitioned to an inactive fighting status without any further exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHIs) and fighters remaining active with continual exposure to RHIs.

Methods: Participants were recruited from the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study. At time point (TP)1, all fighters were active, with continual exposure to RHIs.

Safety and immunogenicity of the Rotavac and Rotasiil rotavirus vaccines administered in an interchangeable dosing schedule among healthy Indian infants: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 4, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe dehydrating gastroenteritis among children younger than 5 years in low-income and middle-income countries. Two vaccines-Rotavac and Rotasiil-are used in routine immunisation in India. The safety and immunogenicity of these vaccines administered in a mixed regimen is not documented.