National rotavirus vaccination programme implementation and gastroenteritis presentations: the paediatric emergency medicine perspective.

Background: Throughout the developed world, the introduction of rotavirus vaccination has led to reductions in the incidence and severity of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children and consequently to reductions in paediatric emergency department (PED) attendances with AGE. Rotavirus vaccination was added to the Irish National Immunisation Schedule in November 2016.

Aims: To assess the impact of vaccine introduction on citywide PED attendances and hospital admissions with all-cause AGE during rotavirus season.

Delayed Infant Subaponeurotic (Subgaleal) Fluid Collections: A Case Series of 11 Infants.

Background: Although subgaleal hemorrhage can present very soon after delivery with catastrophic consequences, subaponeurotic or subgaleal fluid collections are rare and clinically distinct causes of infant scalp swelling that present weeks to months after birth. Their exact etiology remains uncertain; however, they are frequently associated with instrumental and traumatic delivery.

Aim & Methods: To characterize 11 subaponeurotic fluid collections that presented to the Temple Street Children's University Hospital Emergency Department (TSCUHED) from July 2013 to July 2015 by a retrospective chart review.

Intranasal fentanyl for the management of acute pain in children.

Background: Pain is the most common symptom in the emergency setting; however, timely management of acute pain in children continues to be suboptimal. Intranasal drug delivery has emerged as an alternative method of achieving quicker drug delivery without adding to the distress of a child by inserting an intravenous cannula.

Objectives: We identified and evaluated all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomized trials to assess the effects of intranasal fentanyl (INF) versus alternative analgesic interventions in children with acute pain, with respect to reduction in pain score, occurrence of adverse events, patient tolerability, use of "rescue analgesia," patient/parental satisfaction and patient mortality.

Neonatal brachial plexus injury: comparison of incidence and antecedents between 2 decades.

Objective: We sought to compare the incidence and antecedents of neonatal brachial plexus injury (BPI) in 2 different 5-year epochs a decade apart following the introduction of specific staff training in the management of shoulder dystocia.

Study Design: All infants with BPI were prospectively identified during 2004 through 2008. Injuries were correlated with maternal details and intrapartum events and compared with the earlier series.