Biomonitoring of mercury and selenium in commercially important shellfish: Distribution pattern, health benefit assessment and consumption advisories.

This study aims to explore the concentrations of Se and Hg in shellfish along the Gulf of Mannar (GoM) coast (Southeast India) and to estimate related risks and risk-based consumption limits for children, pregnant women, and adults. Se concentrations in shrimp, crab, and cephalopods ranged from 0.256 to 0.

Morphotypes of the apical constriction of maxillary molars: a micro-computed tomographic evaluation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the apical constriction (AC) and apical canal morphology of maxillary first and second molars, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Materials And Methods: The anatomical features of 313 root canals from 41 maxillary first molars and 57 maxillary second molars of patients with known age and sex were evaluated using micro-CT, with a resolution of 26.7 µm.

Role of heavy metals (copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe) and lithium (Li)) induced neurotoxicity.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the dopamine (DA) neuronal loss in the substantia nigra. PD impairs motor controls symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural imbalance gradually along with non-motor problems such as olfactory dysfunction, constipation, sleeping disorder. Though surplus of factors and mechanisms have been recognized, the precise PD etiopathogenesis is not yet implied.

Improving the optical and thermoelectric properties of CsInAgCl with heavy substitutional doping: a DFT insight.

The next-generation indium-based lead-free halide material CsInAgCl is promising for photovoltaic applications due to its good air stability and non-toxic behavior. However, its wide bandgap (>3 eV) is not suitable for the solar spectrum and hence reduces its photoelectronic efficiency for device applications. Here we report a significant bandgap reduction from 2.

DFT insights into electrocatalytic CO reduction to methanol on α-FeO(0001) surfaces.

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO to manufacture fuels and other useful chemicals is one of the appealing methods to reuse CO. Herein, electrocatalytic CO reduction on a model α-FeO(0001) surface catalyst has been investigated by means of density functional theory. This systematic study, involving 20 reaction intermediates and 63 distinct elementary reaction steps, has allowed the identification of a novel mechanism for the decomposition of the key intermediate *COOH.

Influence of Positional Isomeric Spacers of Naphthalene Derivatives on Ni-W Alloy Electrodeposition: Electrochemical and Microstructural Properties.

Herein, Ni-W alloy matrixes were successfully fortified with two salen-type Schiff bases 1-(()-(2-(()-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyleneamino)phenylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (OPD) and 1-(()-(2-(()-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyleneamino)phenylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (PPD) as additives, of similar molecular structure but varied isomeric spacers, using a facile direct current electrodeposition technique. The resulting coatings from the additive-introduced reaction system were termed as Ni-W/OPD and Ni-W/PPD throughout the study. The deterioration process (0.

Structural Perceptions and Mechanical Evaluation of β-Ca(PO)/c-CeO Composites with Preferential Occupancy of Ce and Ce.

The role of cerium in the formation of stable β-Ca(PO)/c-CeO composites and their structural analysis with varied compositional ratios were investigated. The composite formation was attempted through an in situ precipitation technique, and the gradual structural changes during heat treatments to yield the pure form of β-Ca(PO)/c-CeO composites was presented. The cerium was found in Ce and Ce oxidation states in composites.

Sequential elucidation of the β-Ca(PO)/TiO composite development from the solution precursors.

The sequential formation of β-Ca(PO)/TiO composites with assorted ratios synthesized from the solution precursors is described. The phase evolution of the synthesized powders to yield a composite during progressive heat treatments is determined through a set of analytical techniques. Investigation reveals the initial crystallization of apatite and anatase TiO (a-TiO) mixtures at <800 °C.

Formation Mechanisms in β-Ca(PO)-ZnO Composites: Structural Repercussions of Composition and Heat Treatments.

Composites with varied proportions of β-Ca(PO) and ZnO were obtained through an in situ aqueous precipitation method under slightly basic (pH ≈ 8) conditions. The formation of β-Ca(PO) phase starts at an early heat-treatment stage (∼800 °C) and incorporates Zn ions at both Ca(4) and Ca(5) sites of the lattice up to its occupancy saturation limit. The incorporation of Zn in the β-Ca(PO) lattice enhances its thermal stability delaying the allotropic β-Ca(PO)→α-Ca(PO) phase transformation.

Preferential occupancy of strontium in the hydroxyapatite lattice in biphasic mixtures formed from non-stoichiometric calcium apatites.

The present study reports the variations in phase content of biphasic mixtures and structural changes induced by different levels of strontium addition in calcium-deficient apatite (Ca/P = 1.60) powders during heat treatment. The synthesis was attempted by an in situ aqueous precipitation technique and X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Rietveld refinement of the powder X-ray diffraction data were employed for comprehensive analysis.

Anti cariogenic effect of terminalia chebula.

Background: Terminalia chebula is one of the traditional medicines used in the treatment of many diseases and possesses a wide variety of therapeutic activities. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial properties of Terminalia chebula against oral pathogens related to caries.

Materials And Methods: In this study, Antimicrobial activity was tested using Kirby bouer method by streaking.

Synthesis, structure, thermal stability, mechanical and antibacterial behaviour of lanthanum (La³⁺) substitutions in β-tricalciumphosphate.

Five different concentrations of lanthanum (La(3+)) substituted β-tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP, β-Ca3(PO4)2] were formed through aqueous precipitation technique and the results were compared with stoichiometric β-TCP. All the La(3+) substituted β-TCP powders were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, XRF, Raman spectroscopy and Rietveld refinement of the XRD data. The results from the investigation confirmed the presence of La(3+) in rhombohedral β-TCP structure.

Levels of non enzymatic antioxidants in Down syndrome.

Objectives: To confirm the clinical diagnosis of Down syndrome by chromosomal analysis and to explore the oxidative stress in children with Down syndrome by estimating the levels of non enzymatic antioxidants like reduced glutathione(GSH) and total antioxidants status (TAS).

Methods: The study included 31 clinically diagnosed children with Down syndrome with equal number of age and sex matched controls. Trisomy 21 was confirmed by conventional lymphocyte cell culture.

Atticoantral disease - revisited.

Atticoantral disease is very common in this part of the world. The clinical presentation and the otomicroscopic examination of the ear may just reveal the tip of the iceberg as to the extent of disease. Often we have found that minimal disease with good hearing have extensive mastoid involvement.

Antibacterial activity of Mappia foetida leaves and stem.

Successive petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts of Mappia foetida leaves and stem were tested for their antibacterial activity. The methanol fractions were found to be most effective against all the tested organisms.