Synthesis of substituted fluorobenzimidazoles as inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase for anti-inflammatory activity.

A new series of 4-((5-fluoro-6-(substituted)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthio)methyl)-benzoic acids 4a-o and 2-(5-fluoro-6-(substituted)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthio)-2-methylpropanoic acids 8a-e were synthesized, and their inhibitory potencies against soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) were investigated. These molecules were designed based on the combination of 5-LOX and sEH pharmacophores, resulting in hybrid analogs with potent sEH and 5-LOX inhibitory activity. Compound 4g showed remarkable activity with IC values of less than 1 μM (0.

Design and Synthesis of Some Novel Fluorobenzimidazoles Substituted with Structural Motifs Present in Physiologically Active Natural Products for Antitubercular Activity.

Keeping in view the drawbacks associated with research on anti-TB drugs based on plant extracts and the non-availability of fluorinated natural products with antitubercular activity has prompted us to make an effort towards the synthesis and characterization of a novel series of fifteen substituted fluorobenzimidazoles. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by I.R, H-NMR, C-NMR, Mass, and elemental analysis.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis: knowledge, attitude and practices of the inhabitants of the Kani forest tribal settlements of Tiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is reported among Kani tribes in forest settlements of Tiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India. Epidemiological investigations are ongoing and 27 histopathologically confirmed cases of CL have been reported from five settlements indicating transmission of disease within settlements. One of the priorities for control/prevention of CL is to create awareness among the community and ensure optimal utilization of interventions.

Towards elimination of lymphatic filariasis: social mobilization issues and challenges in mass drug administration with anti-filarial drugs in Tamil Nadu, South India.

India is a signatory to World Health Assembly resolution for elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) and National Health Policy has set the goal of LF elimination by 2015. Annual mass drug administration (MDA) is ongoing in endemic districts since 1996-97. Compliance rate is a crucial factor in achieving elimination and was assessed in three districts of Tamil Nadu for 10th and 11th treatment rounds (TRs).

Impact of education campaign on community-based vector control in hastening the process of elimination of lymphatic filariasis in Tamil Nadu, South India.

Globally mosquito-borne lymphatic filariasis (LF) is targeted for elimination by 2020. Towards this goal, the scope of community-based vector control as a supplementary strategy to mass drug administration (MDA) was assessed through an intensive education campaign and evaluated using pre- and post-educational surveys in an intervention and comparison village in Tamil Nadu, South India. Environmental and entomological indicators for breeding sites and mosquito density were examined before and after the intervention.

Rural-urban population movement, community context and impact on DEC fortified salt program to eliminate lymphatic filariasis.

Diethylcarbamazinecitrate (DEC) salt in conjunction with annual single-dose mass drug administration (MDA) with DEC tablets can be considered as potential option to hasten the process of Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) elimination. Consumption of DEC tablet/salt by at least 80% of the endemic population is crucial in achieving elimination in five years. This study examines the determinants of rural-urban population movement and its implication on DEC fortified salt program to control LF.

Cost of illness due to Chikungunya during 2006 outbreak in a rural area in Tamil Nadu.

Objective: To estimate the burden of chikungunya in terms of financial and opportunity costs through a cross sectional survey from an affected area in Tamil Nadu.

Methods: A survey of 809 households with a population of 4393 showed 59 individuals suffered from clinical symptoms of chikungunya. Using pre-tested questionnaire, information on the source of treatment, costs and income foregone were generated.

Feedback regulation of photosynthetic electron transport by NADP(H) redox poise.

When plants experience an imbalance between the absorption of light energy and the use of that energy to drive metabolism, they are liable to suffer from oxidative stress. Such imbalances arise due to environmental conditions (e.g.

The role of PGR5 in the redox poising of photosynthetic electron transport.

The pgr5 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana has been described as being deficient in cyclic electron flow around photosystem I, however, the precise role of the PGR5 protein remains unknown. To address this issue, photosynthetic electron transport was examined in intact leaves of pgr5 and wild type A. thaliana.

Delivery strategy of mass annual single dose DEC administration to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in the urban areas of Pondicherry, South India: 5 years of experience.

Background: The recommended strategy for elimination of Lymphatic filariasis is single-dose, once-yearly mass treatment with anti-filarial drugs and the program is in operation on a national level in India. Rate of coverage and consumption is the most crucial factor in the success of Mass Drug Administration (MDA) program. In spite of massive efforts, the program demonstrated sub-optimal coverage and consumption in urban areas than rural.

Redox modulation of cyclic electron flow around photosystem I in C3 plants.

We have investigated the occurrence of cyclic electron flow in intact spinach leaves. In particular, we have tested the hypothesis that cyclic flow requires the presence of supercomplexes in the thylakoid membrane or other strong associations between proteins. Using biochemical approaches, we found no evidence of the presence of supercomplexes related to cyclic electron flow, making previous structural explanations for the modulation of cyclic flow rather unlikely.

School-based health education campaign--a potential tool for social mobilization to promote the use of DEC-fortified salt towards elimination of lymphatic filariasis.

Community compliance is crucial for the success of mass treatment using cooking salt fortified with diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF). We describe the role and effectiveness of school-based health education for social mobilization to promote the use of DEC salt, in an endemic district in India. Health education through classroom sessions was the main motivational strategy used.