FeO Nanoflakes - WS Nanosheets Heterojunctions for Multi-Fold Enhancement in Photoelectrochemical Solar Energy Conversion.

FeO-based photoanodes show great potential in photoelectrochemical water splitting due to their excellent stability, moderate band gap, and abundance. However, a short hole diffusion length limits its photocurrent density. Here, a multi-fold enhancement in photocurrent density from FeO nanoflakes - WS nanosheets heterojunction is reported.

Backbone assignment of CcdB_G100T toxin from E.coli in complex with the toxin binding C-terminal domain of its cognate antitoxin CcdA.

The CcdAB system expressed in the E.coli cells is a prototypical example of the bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems that ensure the survival of the bacterial population under adverse environmental conditions. The solution and crystal structures of CcdA, CcdB and of CcdB in complex with the toxin-binding C-terminal domain of CcdA have been reported.

α-Graphyne with ultra-low diffusion barriers as a promising sodium-ion battery anode and a computational scheme for accurate estimation of theoretical specific capacity.

Sodium-ion batteries are considered as potential alternatives to conventional lithium-ion batteries. To realize their large-scale practical applications, it is essential to identify suitable anode candidates exhibiting promising electrochemical properties such as high specific capacity, low diffusion energy barrier, and excellent cyclic stability. In this work, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, we examine α-graphyne - a carbon-based 2D material - as a potential anode candidate.

Room Temperature, Twist Angle Independent, Momentum Direct Interlayer Excitons in van der Waals Heterostructures with Wide Spectral Tunability.

Interlayer excitons (IXs) in van der Waals heterostructures with static out of plane dipole moment and long lifetime show promise in the development of exciton based optoelectronic devices and the exploration of many body physics. However, these IXs are not always observed, as the emission is very sensitive to lattice mismatch and twist angle between the constituent materials. Moreover, their emission intensity is very weak compared to that of corresponding intralayer excitons at room temperature.

Paclitaxel in colon cancer management: from conventional chemotherapy to advanced nanocarrier delivery systems.

Paclitaxel, a potent chemotherapeutic agent derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, has demonstrated significant efficacy in the treatment of various cancers, including colon cancer. This comprehensive review delves into the conventional treatments for colon cancer, emphasizing the crucial role of paclitaxel in contemporary management strategies. It explores the intricate process of sourcing and synthesizing paclitaxel, highlighting the importance of its structural properties in its anticancer activity.

Large Language Models for Automated Synoptic Reports and Resectability Categorization in Pancreatic Cancer.

Background Structured radiology reports for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) improve surgical decision-making over free-text reports, but radiologist adoption is variable. Resectability criteria are applied inconsistently. Purpose To evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) in automatically creating PDAC synoptic reports from original reports and to explore performance in categorizing tumor resectability.

Compound volvulus: ileosigmoid knot.

Compound volvulus, also known as ileosigmoid knot, is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction due to twisting of the small bowel around the large bowel or vice-versa. It poses a diagnostic dilemma due to the presence of features of closed-loop obstruction of both the small and large bowel. Being a surgical emergency due to the rapid progression to gangrene of involved segments leading to septicaemia, early suspicion of the disease entity, adequate resuscitation and prompt treatment are the need of the hour.

Enhanced catalytic reductive hydrogenation of an organic dye by Ag decorated graphitic carbon nitride modified MCM-41.

Utilization of efficient, stable and reusable catalysts for wastewater treatment and catalytic elimination of toxic pollutants is a challenge among researchers. This present work shows the synthesis of high-surface-activity Ag nanoparticle decorated gCN modified MCM-41 and its efficiency towards catalytic hydrogenation of organic dye in the presence of reducing agent NaBH. The proposed mechanism is based on the transfer of H and 2e between the dye and the catalyst.

Ag-loaded BiFeO/CuS heterostructured based composite: an efficient photocatalyst for removal of antibiotics and antibacterial activities.

The performance of advanced materials in environmental applications using green energy is the tremendous interest among researchers. The visible light responsive BiFeO (BFO), BiFeO/CuS (BFOC), and Ag-loaded BiFeO/CuS (Ag-BFOC) heterostructures have been synthesized by reflux method followed by hydrothermal and wetness impregnation method. These synthesized composites are well characterized through X-ray diffraction, UV diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy techniques.

Facile fabrication of plasmonic Ag/ZIF-8: an efficient catalyst for investigation of antibacterial, haemolytic and photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics.

Present article represents the fabrication of plasmonic Ag/ZIF-8 composite and its effect on antibacterial, haemolytic and photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics. Ag/ZIF-8 was prepared by varying molar concentrations (1 mM, 2.5 mM, and 5 mM) of AgNO into ZIF-8 using NaBH as a reducing agent by the sol-gel process.

Dimension-Controlled Synthesis of Hybrid-Mixed Halide Perovskites for Solar Cell Application.

Despite the rapid improvement of photovoltaic (PV) efficiency in hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites (HOIPs), the fabrication procedure of a compact thin film in a large-area application is still a tedious work. Apart from the quality of the thin film, the stability of the perovskite materials and the expensive organic hole transport layer (HTL) within the HOIP-based PV device are the major issues that need to be addressed prior to their commercialization. Herein, a unique glass rod-based facile fabrication technique for producing a compact and stable thin film utilizing a mixed-halide-based perovskite precursor solution is demonstrated.

Transformation of ameloblastoma to ameloblastic carcinoma in a 10-year-old child.

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare odontogenic malignant epithelial neoplasm of maxillofacial skeleton with a distinct predisposition of the mandible. It can occur in a wide range of age groups, with a sex predilection in males. It can arise either as a de novo lesion or from preexisting ameloblastoma.

Classifying histopathological images of oral squamous cell carcinoma using deep transfer learning.

Oral cancer is a prevalent malignancy that affects the oral cavity in the region of head and neck. The study of oral malignant lesions is an essential step for the clinicians to provide a better treatment plan at an early stage for oral cancer. Deep learning based computer-aided diagnostic system has achieved success in many applications and can provide an accurate and timely diagnosis of oral malignant lesions.

Loop Dynamics and Conformational Flexibility in Dengue Serine Protease Activity: Noninvasive Perturbation by Solvent Exchange.

Molecular mechanics play an important role in enzyme action and understanding the dynamics of loop motion is key for designing inhibitors of an enzyme, particularly targeting the allosteric sites. For the successful creation of new protease inhibitors targeting the dengue serine protease, our current investigation detailed the intricate structural dynamics of NS2B/NS3 dengue protease. This enzyme is one of the most essential enzymes in the life cycle of the dengue virus, which is responsible for the activation/processing of viral polyprotein, thus making it a potential target for drug discovery.

Understanding Ballistic Injuries.

Understanding the pathophysiology of a disease allows physicians to make a diagnosis, alter its natural course, and develop and implement appropriate preventative and management strategies. With ballistic injuries, an understanding of how the mechanism of injury translates to the injuries observed makes it possible to make sense of what can, at times be a complex imaging appearance and mitigate against the long-term complications of gunshot wounds. In this article, the authors describe the different types of ballistic projectiles, their mechanism of injury as well as the injury patterns they cause.

Design of an aluminium ion battery with a graphyne host: lowest volume expansion, high stability and low diffusion barriers.

Commercialization of aluminium ion battery (AIB) requires limited volume expansion of the host cathode materials after AlCl intercalation, lower activation barrier, high theoretical specific capacity (TSC), cyclic durability and thermodynamic stability. Most of the carbon and non-carbon based cathode hosts explored so far failed to address the issue of volume expansion and there is a lack of clarity about thermodynamic stability. In this work, we employed multipronged first principles computational approaches on α- and γ-graphyne (GY) and showed that α-GY as a promising cathode host addresses each of the above concerns.

Regulating Polysulfide Conversion Kinetics Using Tungsten Diboride as Additive For High-Performance Li-S Battery.

The practical application of Li-S batteries is severely limited due to low sulfur utilization, sluggish sulfur redox kinetics, intermediate polysulfide dissolution/shuttling, and subsequent anode degradation. A smart cathode with efficient electrocatalyst and a protected anode is necessary. Herein, hollow carbon (HC) spheres are used as a sulfur host to improve the electrical conductivity and buffer the volume expansion of active materials.

Discovery and pre-clinical characterization of a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor, LL-00071210 in rheumatoid arthritis.

PI3Kδ plays a critical role in adaptive immune cell activation and function. Suppression of PI3Kδ has been shown to counter excessive triggering of immune responses which has led to delineating the role of this isoform in the pathophysiology of autoimmune disorders. In the current study, we have described preclinical characterization of PI3Kδ specific inhibitor LL-00071210 in various rheumatoid arthritis models.

p53 and p16 As Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Nodal metastasis and Survival in A Contemporary Cohort of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is implicated in a proportion of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (PC). A subset of PC involves dysregulation of the p53 pathway. HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) and p16 positivity are surrogate markers for HPV infection, and p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) denotes abnormality in the p53 pathway.

Development of short and long-range magnetic order in the double perovskite based frustrated triangular lattice antiferromagnet Ba[Formula: see text]MnTeO[Formula: see text].

Frustrated magnets based on oxide double perovskites offer a viable ground wherein competing magnetic interactions, macroscopic ground state degeneracy and complex interplay between emergent degrees of freedom can lead to correlated quantum phenomena with exotic excitations highly relevant for potential technological applications. By local-probe muon spin relaxation ([Formula: see text]SR) and complementary thermodynamic measurements accompanied by first-principles calculations, we here demonstrate novel electronic structure and magnetic phases of Ba[Formula: see text]MnTeO[Formula: see text], where Mn[Formula: see text] ions with S = 5/2 spins constitute a perfect triangular lattice. Magnetization results evidence the presence of strong antiferromagnetic interactions between Mn[Formula: see text] spins and a phase transition at [Formula: see text] = 20 K.

A generic Slater-Koster description of the electronic structure of centrosymmetric halide perovskites.

The halide perovskites have truly emerged as efficient optoelectronic materials and show the promise of exhibiting nontrivial topological phases. Since the bandgap is the deterministic factor for these quantum phases, here, we present a comprehensive electronic structure study using first-principle methods by considering nine inorganic halide perovskites CsBX (B = Ge, Sn, Pb; X = Cl, Br, I) in their three structural polymorphs (cubic, tetragonal, and orthorhombic). A series of exchange-correlation (XC) functionals are examined toward accurate estimation of the bandgap.

Metal-insulator transition in epitaxial Ga-doped ZnO films via controlled thickness.

Understanding and tuning of metal-insulator transition (MIT) in oxide systems is an interesting and active research topics of condensed matter physics. We report thickness dependent MIT in Ga-doped ZnO (Ga:ZnO) thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition technique. From the electrical transport measurements, we find that while the thinnest film (6 nm) exhibits a resistivity of 0.