Musculoskeletal infections associated with species: a case series.

: is an uncommon pathogen that has been reported to infect musculoskeletal structures. However, studies are largely limited to case reports, and little is known regarding management and outcomes of these infections. : We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of adults with culture-confirmed musculoskeletal infections at three Mayo Clinic centers in Arizona, Florida, and Minnesota from November 2011 through April 2022.

Nomenclature for human and animal fungal pathogens and diseases: a proposal for standardized terminology.

Medically important pathogenic fungi invade vertebrate tissue and are considered primary when part of their nature life cycle is associated with an animal host and are usually able to infect immunocompetent hosts. Opportunistic fungal pathogens complete their life cycle in environmental habitats or occur as commensals within or on the vertebrate body, but under certain conditions can thrive upon infecting humans. The extent of host damage in opportunistic infections largely depends on the portal and modality of entry as well as on the host's immune and metabolic status.

Rapidly growing knowledge of : A case series and review of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

is a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that is rarely isolated from clinical specimens and is frequently considered to be a contaminant. We conducted a retrospective review of mycobacterial cultures positive for from 1998 to 2023 at our institution to evaluate the clinical significance of recovering this mycobacterium. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were also determined.

fungemia: a 12-year retrospective review of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns at a reference laboratory and tertiary care center.

Unlabelled: The prevalence of invasive candidiasis caused by non- species is increasing. is an infrequent cause of candidemia but has been associated with decreased susceptibility to triazoles. Clinical data related to the infection with are sparse.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole dosing and outcomes of pulmonary nocardiosis.

Background: Nocardia often causes pulmonary infection among those with chronic pulmonary disease or immunocompromising conditions. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is recommended as first-line treatment, though little data exists regarding outcomes of different dosing regimens.

Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of adult patients with non-disseminated pulmonary nocardiosis initially treated with TMP-SMX monotherapy.

infection: a 10-year retrospective analysis of clinical experience and antimicrobial susceptibility profile.

is an opportunistic pathogen known to cause pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease among immunocompromised patients. Treatment is frequently challenging due to intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotic classes. While non- spp.

Temporal trends in antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from a reference laboratory in the United States, 2011-2021.

Background: There are no established clinical breakpoints for antifungal agents against Cryptococcus species; however, epidemiological cut-off values can help distinguish wild-type (WT) isolates without any acquired resistance from non-WT strains, which may harbour resistance mechanisms.

Patients/methods: We describe the trends of antifungal MICs and percentages of WT C. neoformans species complex (CNSC) isolates processed in our reference laboratory from November 2011 to June 2021.

Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of from a Referral Center and Reference Laboratory: 2012-2022.

The prevalence of invasive candidiasis caused by non- has rapidly increased. () is an important pathogen associated with substantial mortality. Our study examined the antifungal temporal susceptibility of and cross-resistance/non-wild-type patterns with other azoles and echinocandins.

Outcomes of transplant recipients with pretransplant Nocardia colonization or infection.

Background: Specific pretransplant infections have been associated with poor posttransplant outcomes. However, the impact of pretransplant Nocardia isolation has not been studied.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study from three centers in Arizona, Florida, and Minnesota of patients with Nocardia infection or colonization who subsequently underwent solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from November 2011 through April 2022.

Emergence of Inducible Macrolide Resistance in Mycobacterium chelonae Due to Broad-Host-Range Plasmid and Chromosomal Variants of the Novel 23S rRNA Methylase Gene, (55).

Macrolides are a mainstay of therapy for infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Among rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), inducible macrolide resistance is associated with four chromosomal 23S rRNA methylase () genes. Beginning in 2018, we detected high-level inducible clarithromycin resistance (MICs of ≥16μg/mL) in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium chelonae, an RGM species not previously known to contain genes.

Clinical characteristics of central nervous system phaeohyphomycosis: A brief report of 20 years' experience.

Central nervous system (CNS) phaeohyphomycosis is a rare and often fatal fungal infection. Our study reported a case series of eight CNS phaeohyphomycosis cases at our institution over the past 20 years. We did not observe the common pattern of risk factors, abscess location, or number of abscesses among them.

Clinical manifestations, treatment and outcomes of patients infected with with a focus on immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a retrospective multi-site study.

Background: is a nontuberculous mycobacterium with fastidious growth requirements and an increasingly reported cause of extrapulmonary disease. Timely diagnosis and management of infections and the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndromes (IRIS) observed in a subset of patients during treatment remain challenging.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review between January 1, 2010, and January 1, 2022 and identified 26 patients diagnosed with infection at our institution.

Toto, we're not in Kansas anymore: First reported case of septic arthritis.

In this report, we describe a case of septic arthritis caused by the newly described (formerly complex). The patient's only significant exposure was home gardening. To our knowledge, this represents the first documented case of infection in the United States and first septic arthritis.

Description, validation, and review of a decade of experience with a laboratory-developed PCR test for detection of complex in pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens.

Rapid detection of complex directly from clinical specimens is critical for patient care. Mycobacterial culture requires days to weeks for results and therefore many laboratories employ rapid molecular methods for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. There are two FDA-cleared molecular assays for the detection of complex in the United States and both are cleared for testing of respiratory specimens only.

Targeted Metagenomic Sequencing-based Approach Applied to 2146 Tissue and Body Fluid Samples in Routine Clinical Practice.

Background: The yield of next-generation sequencing (NGS) added to a Sanger sequencing-based 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was evaluated in clinical practice for diagnosis of bacterial infection.

Methods: PCR targeting the V1 to V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene was performed, with amplified DNA submitted to Sanger sequencing and/or NGS (Illumina MiSeq) or reported as negative, depending on the cycle threshold value. A total of 2146 normally sterile tissues or body fluids were tested between August 2020 and March 2021.