Publications by authors named "Nancy Spector"

Career management models are valuable tools for faculty pursuing a career in academic medicine. These models help faculty transition through various stages of their careers, including commonly pursued academic advancements from assistant professor to full professor, as well as less common transitions like moving from full-time to part-time status, taking sabbaticals, going on medical leave, or assuming executive leadership roles. The success of faculty members across these stages is influenced by both environmental factors and individual-level characteristics.

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Importance: Women account for only 28% of current US medical school deans. Studying the differences between women and men in their preparation to becoming deans might help to explain this discrepancy.

Objective: To identify differences in the leadership development experiences between women and men in their ascent to the medical school deanship.

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Importance: Studies reveal that most physicians report symptoms of burnout. Less is known about burnout in mid-career medical faculty specifically.

Objective: To characterize burnout and its risk factors, particularly differences by gender, among mid-career medical faculty.

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Article Synopsis
  • Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) play a crucial role in shaping medical practices globally, yet the authorship of these guidelines often lacks diversity, particularly underrepresenting women and minority racial and ethnic groups.
  • A study analyzing CPGs from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) between 2010 and 2023 found significant disparities, with women constituting only 39.7% of authors and even lower for women physicians, highlighting an overrepresentation of men in these roles.
  • The findings revealed that all demographics of women and minority men physicians were underrepresented, with a striking absence of Black male authors, emphasizing the need for medical societies to prioritize diversity in authorship for more
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Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the experiences and perceptions of mid-career to senior clinician-scientists in academic medicine regarding pursuing, attaining, or rejecting leadership roles as well as their conceptualization of the influence of leadership in their broader career trajectories.

Method: The authors conducted a qualitative analysis of in-depth, semistructured interviews conducted in 2022 with a diverse sample of clinician-scientists who received new National Institutes of Health K08 or K23 Career Development Awards between 2006 and 2009. A total of 859 of the 915 survey respondents (94%) were eligible to be recruited for the qualitative study.

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Background: The U.S. Boards of Nursing (BONs) collect annual report data from their nursing programs as part of their approval process.

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Importance: Despite increasing evidence and recognition of persistent gender disparities in academic medicine, qualitative data detailing the association of gender-based experiences with career progression remain sparse, particularly at the mid- to senior-career stage.

Objective: To investigate the role gender has played in everyday professional experiences of mid- to senior-career women clinician-scientists and their perceptions of gender-related barriers experienced across their careers.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this qualitative study, a total of 60 of 159 invited clinician-scientists who received National Institutes of Health K08 or K23 awards between 2006 and 2009 and responded to a survey in 2021 agreed to participate.

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Purpose: To understand time allocation of a national medical faculty cohort 1.5-2 years after the COVID-19 pandemic began compared with before.

Method: From August 2021-April 2022, the authors conducted a retrospective survey of 1,430 clinician-researchers who received National Institutes of Health career-development awards between 2006-2009 asking about domestic and professional time allocation prepandemic and at the time of surveys (TOS).

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Academics in medicine are frequently asked to serve on panels to discuss their clinical, research, education, administrative or personal expertise. While panel discussions are often the highlight of a conference or event, in the medical literature, there is very little published on how an individual can effectively prepare and present as an expert panelist. This paper offers guidelines that will enable academics to prepare, deliver, and engage in active dialogue during a panel discussion.

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Article Synopsis
  • Patient and Family Centered I-PASS (PFC I-PASS) is a program that helps families and nurses work together better during hospital rounds to keep everyone informed and safe.
  • A study looked at how well this program worked in different hospitals over three years by observing rounds and getting feedback from families, nurses, and doctors.
  • The results showed big improvements in teamwork, communication, and safety, especially in larger hospitals and those with more nurse involvement, making the overall hospital experience better for patients and their families.
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To assess the gender composition of upper-level specialty-specific editor positions among United States (U.S.) medical society-affiliated journals and to evaluate the equitable inclusion of women and women physicians.

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Introduction: Bullying, a severe form of mistreatment, occurs when an individual in an authority position intentionally imposes negative persistent behaviors on a target. In academic medicine, bullying is used to impede the target's professional growth. While there is abundant literature on how to disrupt other forms of mistreatment, the literature related to bullying among academic medical faculty members is scarce.

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The inequitable representation of women and members of racial and ethnic minority groups in leadership positions within academic medicine is an ongoing challenge with practical and realistic solutions. The purpose of this study was to assess the race and ethnicity of individuals in leadership positions among the 24 Member Boards of Directors (Boards) of the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS). We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the race and ethnicity patterns for individuals holding leadership positions among the 24 Boards of the ABMS as of March 1, 2022.

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Article Synopsis
  • Patient handoffs in perioperative care involve transferring information and responsibility between healthcare providers, which can lead to communication errors and adverse outcomes for patients.
  • A conceptual framework for improving these handoffs is proposed, incorporating various theoretical principles and interventions backed by literature, focusing on patient-centered care.
  • Effective improvements in handoff safety will require a comprehensive, evidence-based approach that integrates proven methodologies, system considerations, and continuous quality improvement efforts.
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Abundant disparities for women in medicine contribute to many women physicians considering leaving medicine. There is a strong financial and ethical case for leaders in academic medicine to focus on strategies to improve retention. This article focuses on five immediate actions that leaders can take to enhance gender equity and improve career satisfaction for all members of the workplace.

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Importance: The culture of academic medicine may foster mistreatment that disproportionately affects individuals who have been marginalized within a given society (minoritized groups) and compromises workforce vitality. Existing research has been limited by a lack of comprehensive, validated measures, low response rates, and narrow samples as well as comparisons limited to the binary gender categories of male or female assigned at birth (cisgender).

Objective: To evaluate academic medical culture, faculty mental health, and their relationship.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on prelicensure nursing education, leading to widespread disruptions that may have implications for nursing students' learning and engagement outcomes. Understanding how the rapid shift to online and simulation-based teaching methods has affected new graduates' clinical preparedness is critical to ensure patient safety moving forward.

Purpose: To assess the impact of institutional, academic, and demographic characteristics on prelicensure nursing students' academic, initial postgraduation, and early career outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Nancy Spector"

  • - Nancy Spector's recent research focuses on addressing gender disparities and leadership development in academic medicine, with particular attention to the pathways and experiences of women seeking roles like medical school deanships and clinician-scientist positions.
  • - Her studies also explore the impact of systemic issues such as burnout among mid-career faculty and the underrepresentation of women and minority groups in authorship roles for clinical practice guidelines.
  • - Additionally, Spector examines the lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical professionals, specifically regarding time allocation challenges for women and those with caregiving responsibilities, highlighting the need for improved support and retention strategies within the medical workforce.