Inclusivity: Educational Experiences of Registered Nurses With Physical Disabilities.

Aim: The aim of the study was to describe registered nurses' prelicensure educational experience as nursing students with physical disabilities.

Background: Social and academic support help establish connections with the educational environment, but efforts to engage students with disabilities are inconsistent. Faculty support beyond required accommodations facilitates a sense of empowerment.

Defining and identifying laboratory literacy as a component of health literacy: An assessment of existing health literacy tools.

Health literacy has been defined and studied as an important component of a patient's ability to understand and obtain appropriate healthcare. However, a laboratory component of health literacy, as it pertains to the understanding of laboratory tests and their results, has not been previously defined. An analysis of readily available health literacy tools was conducted to determine laboratory testing-specific content representation.

Prevalence of inherited retinal diseases in a large Egyptian cohort.

Background: Inherited retinal diseases form a rare, highly heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by retinal degeneration. It is considered one of the leading causes of debilitating visual loss and blindness in children and young adults. Despite this few population-based data studies on prevalence of inherited retinal diseases exist.

Facilitating diversity of thought in learning environments for nursing students.

Human capital development is one of the goals of higher education and a decrease in open dialogue threatens these ideals and aspirations. A recent survey of undergraduate students showed that many students censor their point of view. There are many potential reasons for this, but it could be secondary to the current sociopolitical climate.

"Was Test Designed for Africans?" Health Literacy and African Immigrants.

Background: Immigrants experience barriers to accessing and utilizing health care. Language and cultural differences regarding health and healing impact use of health care. Limited health literacy is associated with decreased preventive health services and is reported among immigrant groups in the USA, but the health literacy of African immigrants is not known.

Making explicit the development of PhD-prepared nurses to steward the discipline.

Leadership is a core curricular element of PhD programs in nursing. Our PhD faculty began a dialogue about being a leader, a steward of the discipline. We asked ourselves: (a) What expertise do PhD prepared nurse needs to begin to steward the discipline? (b) How do faculty engage PhD nursing students to assume responsibility for stewarding the discipline? Lastly, (c) How do we work with PhD nursing students to create their vision for how their work contributes to stewarding the discipline, from doctoral coursework throughout their career? We support the need for PhD graduates to have the skills to generate knowledge, conserve that which is important, and transform by disseminating new knowledge to a broad audience.

Effects of an ActRIIB.Fc Ligand Trap on Cardiac Function in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Male Rhesus Macaques.

An important safety consideration in the use of antagonists of myostatin and activins is whether these drugs induce myocardial hypertrophy and impair cardiac function. The current study evaluated the effects of a soluble ActRIIB receptor Fc fusion protein (ActRIIB.Fc), a ligand trap for TGF-/activin family members including myostatin, on myocardial mass and function in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected juvenile rhesus macaques ().

Fatigue Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Implications for Self-Management: An Integrative Review.

Purpose The aim of this review was to integrate empirical and theoretical literature on fatigue among adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). A methodological review using an integrative approach was used. Databases MEDLINE via Pubmed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Science Direct were searched for peer-reviewed articles published in English from 2007-2017, using the following search terms and Boolean operators: "Type 1 Diabetes" and "Fatigue.

Political Efficacy and Participation of Nurse Practitioners.

Twenty-eight states have laws and regulations limiting the ability of nurse practitioners (NPs) to practice to the full extent of their education and training, thereby preventing patients from fully accessing NP services. Revisions to state laws and regulations require NPs to engage in the political process. Understanding the political engagement of NPs may facilitate the efforts of nurse leaders and nursing organizations to promote change in state rules and regulations.

Expanding horizons: Lonergan's philosophy as a guide to PhD program pedagogy.

Historically, research-focused doctoral programs in nursing have used the apprenticeship model to educate and prepare nurse scientists for research careers. The assumption is that students learn best when paired with a faculty member who is working on the same topic. This model works well when there is a stable workforce, adequate funding streams and sufficient faculty with diverse expertise to capture the enthusiasm and varied topics of incoming doctoral students.

Macrocognition in the Healthcare Built Environment (mHCBE): A Focused Ethnographic Study of "Neighborhoods" in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Objectives: The objectives of this research were to describe the interactions (formal and informal), in which macrocognitive functions occur and their location on a pediatric intensive care unit, to describe challenges and facilitators of macrocognition using space syntax constructs (openness, connectivity, and visibility), and to analyze the healthcare built environment (HCBE) using those constructs to explicate influences on macrocognition.

Background: In high reliability, complex industries, macrocognition is an approach to develop new knowledge among interprofessional team members. Although macrocognitive functions have been analyzed in multiple healthcare settings, the effect of the HCBE on those functions has not been directly studied.

Health literacy in the urgent care setting: What factors impact consumer comprehension of health information?

Background: An increasing number of Americans are using urgent care (UC) clinics due to: improved health insurance coverage, the need to decrease cost, primary care offices with limited appointment availability, and a desire for convenient care. Patients are treated by providers they may not know for episodic illness or injuries while in pain or not feeling well. Treatment instructions and follow-up directions are provided quickly.

CE: Defining and Understanding Pilot and Other Feasibility Studies.

: Nurses are becoming increasingly involved in conducting clinical research in which feasibility studies are often the first steps. Understanding why and how these studies are conducted may encourage clinical nurses to engage with researchers and take advantage of opportunities to participate in advancing nursing science. This article provides an overview of feasibility studies, including pilot studies, and explains the type of preliminary data they seek to provide in order to make larger, future studies more efficient and successful.

Criminal offending and the family environment: Swedish national high-risk home-reared and adopted-away co-sibling control study.

Background: Criminal offending is strongly transmitted across generations.

Aims: To clarify the contribution of rearing environment to cross-generational transmission of crime.

Method: Using Swedish national registries, we identified 1176 full-sibling and 3085 half-sibling sets from high-risk families where at least one sibling was adopted and the other raised by the biological parents.

Learning About and Benefiting From Peer Review: A Course Assignment for Doctoral Students at Two Different Universities.

Background: Peer review is an expectation of PhD-prepared nurses but a lack of evidence in the best methods to train students is of concern.

Method: Guided by the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model, faculty at two universities developed, implemented, and evaluated a peer review assignment for 22 second-year PhD nursing students. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.

The different faces of impulsivity as links between childhood maltreatment and young adult crime.

Crime is a major public health and safety threat. Many studies have suggested that early exposure to child maltreatment increases an individual's risk for persistent serious crime in adulthood. Despite these findings about the connection between child maltreatment and criminal behavior, there is a paucity of empirically-based knowledge about the processes or pathways that link child maltreatment to later involvement in crime.

A national Swedish longitudinal twin-sibling study of criminal convictions from adolescence through early adulthood.

Background: Prior twin and adoption studies have demonstrated the importance of both genetic and shared environmental factors in the etiology of criminal behavior (CB). However, despite substantial interest in life-course theories of CB, few genetically informative studies have examined CB in a developmental context.

Method: In 69,767 male-male twin pairs and full-sibling pairs with ≤ 2 years' difference in age, born 1958-1976 and ascertained from the Swedish Twin and Population Registries, we obtained information on all criminal convictions from 1973 to 2011 from the Swedish Crime Register.

The association between health literacy and cancer-related attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge.

Using a multidimensional assessment of health literacy (the Cancer Message Literacy Test-Listening, the Cancer Message Literacy Test-Reading, and the Lipkus Numeracy Scale), the authors assessed a stratified random sample of 1013 insured adults (40-70 years of age). The authors explored whether low health literacy across all 3 domains (n =111) was associated with sets of variables likely to affect engagement in cancer prevention and screening activities: (a) attitudes and behaviors relating to health care encounters and providers, (b) attitudes toward cancer and health, (c) knowledge of cancer screening tests, and (d) attitudes toward health related media and actual media use. Adults with low health literacy were more likely to report avoiding doctor's visits, to have more fatalistic attitudes toward cancer, to be less accurate in identifying the purpose of cancer screening tests, and more likely to avoid information about diseases they did not have.

Change in health literacy over 2 years in older adults with diabetes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability of health literacy in adults with diabetes over time. Understanding the dynamic nature of health literacy is important when tailoring health messages, especially those targeted at the management of chronic health conditions.

Method: This was a descriptive longitudinal study of 751 adults with diabetes randomly selected from primary care practices in the Vermont Diabetes Information System study between July 2003 and December 2007.

The HEAL, Phase II Project: enhancing features of an electronic medical record system to improve adherence to asthma guidelines.

This article describes the implementation of an enhanced electronic medical record (EMR) system in three community health care centers in the Greater New Orleans area of Louisiana. This report may aid efforts directed at the implementation of enriched tools, such as decision support, in an EMR with the goal of improving pediatric asthma outcomes.

Prevalence of limited health literacy and compensatory strategies used by hospitalized patients.

Background: Limited health literacy is associated with higher rates of hospitalization. However, the prevalence and etiology of limited health literacy among hospitalized adults and the compensatory strategies used are not known.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and demographic associations of limited health literacy in hospitalized patients and to identify the perceived etiology and use of any compensatory strategies.

The relation between adolescent social competence and young adult delinquency and educational attainment among at-risk youth: the mediating role of peer delinquency.

Objective: We examined trajectories of adolescent social competence as a resilience factor among at-risk youth. To examine potential mechanisms of this resilience process, we investigated the putative mediating effect of peer delinquency on the relation between adolescent social competence and young adult delinquency seriousness and educational attainment.

Method: Participants (n = 257) were screened to be at risk for antisocial behaviour at age 13 years.

Interpretations of cigarette advertisement warning labels by Philadelphia Puerto Ricans.

This study examined Philadelphia Puerto Ricans' interpretations of the Surgeon General's warnings that appear on cigarette packaging and in advertisements. In-home family focus groups in which participants were asked to comment on magazine cigarette advertisements showed a great variety of interpretations of the legally mandated warning labels. These findings (a) corroborate and add to research in public health and communications regarding the possibility of wide variations in message interpretations and (b) support the call for public health messages to be carefully tested for effectiveness among different social groups.

Relationship of literacy and heart failure in adults with diabetes.

Background: Although reading ability may impact educational strategies and management of heart failure (HF), the prevalence of limited literacy in patients with HF is unknown.

Methods: Subjects were drawn from the Vermont Diabetes Information System Field Survey, a cross-sectional study of adults with diabetes in primary care. Participants' self-reported characteristics were subjected to logistic regression to estimate the association of heart failure and literacy while controlling for social and economic factors.