Publications by authors named "Nancy M Bennett"
Although invasive cervical cancer (ICC) rates have declined since the advent of screening, the annual age-adjusted ICC rate in the United States remains 7.5 per 100,000 women. Failure of recommended screening and management often precedes ICC diagnoses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccess to local, population specific, and timely data is vital in understanding factors that impact population health. The impact of place (neighborhood, census tract, and city) is particularly important in understanding the Social Determinants of Health. The University of Rochester Medical Center's Clinical and Translational Science Institute created the web-based tool RocHealthData.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Older age and chronic conditions are associated with severe influenza outcomes; however, data are only comprehensively available for adults ≥65 years old. Using data from the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), we identified characteristics associated with severe outcomes in adults 18-49 years old hospitalized with influenza.
Methods: We included FluSurv-NET data from nonpregnant adults 18-49 years old hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza during the 2011-2012 through 2018-2019 seasons.
Background: Influenza is a substantial cause of annual morbidity and mortality; however, correctly identifying those patients at increased risk for severe disease is often challenging. Several severity indices have been developed; however, these scores have not been validated for use in patients with influenza. We evaluated the discrimination of three clinical disease severity scores in predicting severe influenza-associated outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Influenza burden varies across seasons, partly due to differences in circulating influenza virus types or subtypes. Using data from the US population-based surveillance system, Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), we aimed to assess the severity of influenza-associated outcomes in individuals hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infections during the 2010-11 to 2018-19 influenza seasons.
Methods: To evaluate the association between influenza virus type or subtype causing the infection (influenza A H3N2, A H1N1pdm09, and B viruses) and in-hospital severity outcomes (intensive care unit [ICU] admission, use of mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO], and death), we used FluSurv-NET to capture data for laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalisations from the 2010-11 to 2018-19 influenza seasons for individuals of all ages living in select counties in 13 US states.
Introduction: Health equity research spans various disciplines, crossing formal organizational and departmental barriers and forming invisible communities. This study aimed to map the nomination network of scholars at the University of Rochester Medical Center who were active in racial and ethnic health equity research, education, and social/administrative activities, to identify the predictors of peer recognition.
Methods: We conducted a snowball survey of faculty members with experience and/or interest in racial and ethnic health equity, nominating peers with relevant expertise.
Background: We sought to determine whether race/ethnicity disparities in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes persist in the era of vaccination.
Methods: Population-based age-adjusted monthly rate ratios (RRs) of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-associated hospitalizations were calculated among adult patients from the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network, March 2020 - August 2022 by race/ethnicity. Among randomly sampled patients July 2021 - August 2022, RRs for hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital mortality were calculated for Hispanic, Black, American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN), and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) persons vs White persons.
The pandemic declaration of COVID-19 in 2020 presented unique challenges, lessons, and opportunities for public health practice in the United States. Despite clear evidence of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, vaccine uptake and vaccine confidence remained low in many regions. Vaccine holdouts, or those who are vaccine hesitant, have been an increasingly difficult population to reach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: COVID-19 is associated with cardiac complications.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with acute cardiac events during COVID-19-associated hospitalizations among adults.
Methods: During January 2021 to November 2021, medical chart abstraction was conducted on a probability sample of adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection identified from 99 U.
The 2022-23 influenza season shows an early rise in pediatric influenza-associated hospitalizations (1). SARS-CoV-2 viruses also continue to circulate (2). The current influenza season is the first with substantial co-circulation of influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 (3).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCOVID-19-associated hospitalization rates are highest among adults aged ≥65 years (1); however, COVID-19 can and does cause severe and fatal outcomes in children, including infants (2,3). After the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacteristics and treatment of hospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19.
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM
November 2022
Background: Pregnant women less frequently receive COVID-19 vaccination and are at increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes from COVID-19.
Objective: This study aimed to first, describe the vaccination status, treatment, and outcomes of hospitalized, symptomatic pregnant women with COVID-19, and second, estimate whether treatment differs by pregnancy status among treatment-eligible (ie, requiring supplemental oxygen per National Institutes of Health guidelines at the time of the study) women.
Study Design: From January to November 2021, the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network completed medical chart abstraction for a probability sample of 2715 hospitalized women aged 15 to 49 years with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Declines in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 to 3 and adenocarcinoma in situ (CIN2+) observed among young women suggest impact from human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. To further evaluate vaccine impact including cross-protection and type replacement, we described high-risk (HR)-HPV type-specific cervical precancer incidence rates among women aged 20 to 39 years, 2008 to 2016. We analyzed cross-sectional population-based data on 18 344 cases of CIN2+ from a 5-site surveillance system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 cause significant respiratory illness in children, prompting an analysis of hospitalization rates and outcomes among those under 18 years old.
- The study found that the COVID-19 hospitalization rate (48.2 per 100,000) was higher than influenza rates from previous seasons, especially among adolescents aged 12-17.
- While more children with COVID-19 required ICU admission compared to those with influenza, pediatric deaths were rare for both illnesses, indicating COVID-19 adds to the existing burden of severe respiratory illness in children.
Article Synopsis
- * Hospitalization rates during the Omicron period surged, peaking at 38.4 per 100,000 adults, significantly higher than the rates during Delta predominance, affecting all demographics regardless of vaccination status.
- * Unvaccinated adults faced 12 times higher hospitalization rates compared to those who received boosters, with non-Hispanic Black adults experiencing nearly four times the hospitalization rates of non-Hispanic White adults, indicating stark racial disparities.
Background: Although dissemination and implementation (D&I) science is a growing field, many health researchers with relevant D&I expertise do not self-identify as D&I researchers. The goal of this work was to analyze the distribution, clustering, and recognition of D&I expertise in an academic institution.
Methods: A snowball survey was administered to investigators at University of Rochester with experience and/or interest in D&I research.
Article Synopsis
- - The Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) became the main strain of COVID-19 in the U.S. by late December 2021, leading to a sharp rise in hospitalizations among infants and children aged 0-4, who can't be vaccinated.
- - During the peak of Omicron cases (January 2022), hospitalization rates for this age group reached 14.5 per 100,000, which was about five times higher than when the Delta variant was prevalent.
- - A significant 63% of hospitalized infants and children had no prior health conditions, and infants under 6 months made up 44% of the cases, highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies, including vaccination
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause severe disease in adults with cardiopulmonary conditions, such as congestive heart failure (CHF). We quantified the rate of RSV-associated hospitalization in adults by CHF status using population-based surveillance in the United States.
Methods: Population-based surveillance for RSV (RSV-NET) was performed in 35 counties in seven sites during two respiratory seasons (2015-2017) from October 1-April 30.
The first U.S. case of COVID-19 attributed to the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) was reported on December 1, 2021 (1), and by the week ending December 25, 2021, Omicron was the predominant circulating variant in the United States.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pregnant women may be at increased risk for severe influenza-associated outcomes.
Objective: To describe characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized pregnant women with influenza.
Design: Repeated cross-sectional study.
Objectives: Describe population-based rates and risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (ie, ICU admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, or death) among hospitalized children.
Methods: During March 2020 to May 2021, the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network identified 3106 children hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in 14 states. Among 2293 children primarily admitted for COVID-19, multivariable generalized estimating equations generated adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the associations between demographic and medical characteristics abstracted from medical records and severe COVID-19.
In mid-June 2021, B.1.671.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Racial and ethnic minority groups have been significantly impacted by COVID-19, experiencing higher rates of severe cases, including hospitalization and death, compared to non-Hispanic White individuals.
- A study analyzed data from 99 US counties, focusing on hospitalized COVID-19 patients between March 2020 and February 2021, examining the outcomes by race and ethnicity.
- Results showed that minority groups such as American Indian or Alaska Native, Latino, Black, and Asian or Pacific Islander individuals had considerably increased rates of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality compared to White individuals.
Hospital-acquired influenza in the United States, FluSurv-NET, 2011-2012 through 2018-2019.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
October 2022
Objective: To estimate population-based rates and to describe clinical characteristics of hospital-acquired (HA) influenza.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: US Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET) during 2011-2012 through 2018-2019 seasons.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the relationship between race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and COVID-19 hospitalization rates using data from the COVID-NET surveillance network during early 2020.
- Findings show that a significant portion of COVID-19 hospitalizations occurred among racial and ethnic minorities, with the highest rates found in high-poverty areas, particularly among Black and Hispanic populations.
- The conclusion emphasizes the need for targeted public health strategies and vaccination efforts to support racial and ethnic minorities and those in high-poverty communities effectively.