Daytime sleep and performance following a zolpidem and melatonin cocktail.

Study Objectives: Pharmacologic enhancement of daytime sleep may help sustain optimal cognitive performance. At effective doses, zolpidem induces sleep but also impairs performance. Combining melatonin with low-dose zolpidem may promote daytime sleep without exacerbating performance impairments seen with high-dose zolpidem alone.

Modafinil vs. caffeine: effects on fatigue during sleep deprivation.

Introduction: The extent to which modafinil and caffeine reverse fatigue effects (defined as performance decrements with time on task) during total sleep deprivation was investigated.

Methods: There were 50 healthy young adults who remained awake for 54.5 h (06:30 day 1 to 13:00 day 3).

Maintaining alertness and performance during sleep deprivation: modafinil versus caffeine.

Rationale: The performance and alertness effects of modafinil were evaluated to determine whether modafinil should replace caffeine for restoring performance and alertness during total sleep deprivation in otherwise healthy adults.

Objectives: Study objectives were to determine (a) the relative efficacy of three doses of modafinil versus an active control dose of caffeine 600 mg; (b) whether modafinil effects are dose-dependent; and (c) the extent to which both agents maintain performance and alertness during the circadian trough.

Methods: Fifty healthy young adults remained awake for 54.