A mixed-methods descriptive study on the role of continuous quality improvement in rural surgical and obstetrical stability: Considering enablers, challenges and impact.

Introduction: The Rural Surgical Obstetrical Networks (RSON) initiative in BC was developed to stabilize and grow low volume rural surgical and obstetrical services. One of the wrap-around supportive interventions was funding for Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) initiatives, done through a local provider-driven lens. This paper reviews mixed-methods findings on providers' experiences with CQI and the implications for service stability.

The motivations and experiences of specialists who provide outreach services in rural operating rooms: A survey study from British Columbia.

Introduction: Outreach care has long been used in Canada to address the lack of access to specialist care in rural settings, but research on the experiences of specialists providing these services is lacking. This descriptive survey study aimed to understand 1) specialists' motivation for engaging in outreach work, (2) their perceptions of the quality of care at their rural outreach hospital, and (3) the supports they receive for their outreach work, in order to create a supportive framework to encourage specialist outreach contributions.

Methods: In July 2022, specialist physicians who provide outreach operating room services at rural hospitals participating in the Rural Surgical and Obstetrical Networks initiative in the province of British Columbia were invited to complete an anonymous survey.

Perinatal Outcomes at Rural Hospitals That Participated in the Rural Surgical and Obstetrical Networks (RSON) of British Columbia (2016-2021).

Background: The goal of the Rural Surgical and Obstetrical Networks (RSON) of British Columbia was to support safe and appropriate surgery, operative birth, and perinatal care closer to home for rural communities. Family physicians with enhanced obstetrical and/or surgical skills provide cesarean delivery and family practice anesthetists manage anesthesia for labour pain and operative births at RSON-supported hospitals, with the involvement of a local specialist at one site.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to: (1) compare perinatal outcomes at hospitals participating in the RSON initiative with outcomes at referral hospitals and (2) examine temporal changes in the proportion of childbearing people who resided in RSON communities and gave birth locally.

Consensus statement on networks for high-quality rural anesthesia, surgery, and obstetric care in Canada.

Objective: To describe the essential components of well-resourced and high-functioning multidisciplinary networks that support high-quality anesthesia, surgery, and maternity care for rural Canadians, delivered as close to home as possible.

Composition Of The Committee: A volunteer Writers' Group was drawn from the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, the Society of Rural Physicians of Canada, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, the Canadian Association of General Surgeons, the College of Family Physicians of Canada, and the Association of Canadian University Departments of Anesthesia.

Methods: A collaborative effort over the past several years among the professional stakeholders has culminated in this consensus statement on networked care designed to integrate and support a specialist and non-specialist, urban and rural, anesthesia, surgery, and maternity work force into high-functioning networks based on the best available evidence.

A proposal for the curriculum and evaluation for training rural family physicians in enhanced surgical skills.

Rural western Canada relies heavily on family physicians with enhanced surgical skills (ESS) for surgical services. The recent decision by the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC) to recognize ESS as a "community of practice" section offers a potential home akin to family practice anesthesia and emergency medicine. To our knowledge, however, a skill set for ESS in Canada has never been described formally.

GP Surgeons' Experiences of Training in British Columbia and Alberta: A Case Study of Enhanced Skills for Rural Primary Care providers.

Introduction: There has been a steady erosion of family physicians with enhanced surgical skills providing care for rural residents. This has been largely due to the lack of formal training avenues and continuing medical education (CME) opportunities afforded to those interested, and attrition of those currently practicing.

Methods: A qualitative study was undertaken using an exploratory policy framework to guide the collection of in-depth interview data on GP surgeons' training experiences.

Rural patients' experiences accessing surgery in British Columbia.

Background: More than 33% of Canadians live in rural areas. The vulnerability of rural surgical patients makes them particularly sensitive to barriers to accessing health care. This study aims to describe rural patients' experiences accessing local nonspecialist, family physician-surgeon care and regional specialist surgical care when no local surgical care was available.

Delivery models of rural surgical services in British Columbia (1996-2005): are general practitioner-surgeons still part of the picture?

Objective: To define the models of surgical service delivery in rural communities that rely solely on general practitioner (GP)-surgeons for emergency care, to examine how they have changed over the past decade and to identify some effects on communities that have lost their local surgical program.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective study using the Population Utilization Rates and Referrals For Easy Comparative Tables database (versions 6.0 and 9.

Rural surgery in British Columbia: is there anybody out there?

Objective: To document surgical procedures performed in British Columbia between 1996 and 2001 at rural hospital sites with no resident specialist surgeons and to define the scope of practice of general practitioner (GP)-surgeons at these small-volume surgical sites.

Methods: We obtained data from published information available in the medical directories for British Columbia and from the Population Utilization Rates and Referrals For Easy Comparative Tables database (versions 6.0 and 9.

The relationship of preschool and early school age attachment to mother-child interaction.

This article focuses on the description and meaning of attachment relationships and their relation to patterns of caregiver-child interaction. Concepts fundamental to coding separation-reunion behavior in older children (J. Cassidy & R.